Al-Baqarah: 17

Ayah

Word by Word

مَثَلُهُمۡ

Their example

كَمَثَلِ

(is) like (the) example

ٱلَّذِي

(of) the one who

ٱسۡتَوۡقَدَ

kindled

نَارٗا

a fire

فَلَمَّآ

then, when

أَضَآءَتۡ

it lighted

مَا

what

حَوۡلَهُۥ

his surroundings

ذَهَبَ

took away

ٱللَّهُ

Allah

بِنُورِهِمۡ

their light

وَتَرَكَهُمۡ

and left them

فِي

ظُلُمَٰتٖ

darkness[es]

لَّا

(so) not

يُبۡصِرُونَ

(do) they see

Translation

Their similitude is that of a man who kindled a fire; when it lighted all around him, Allah took away their light and left them in utter darkness. So they could not see.

Tafsir

The Example of the Hypocrites

Allah says,

مَثَلُهُمۡ كَمَثَلِ الَّذِي اسۡتَوۡقَدَ نَاراً فَلَمَّا أَضَاءتۡ مَا حَوۡلَهُ

Their likeness is as the likeness of one who kindled a fire; then, when it illuminated all around him,

Allah likened the hypocrites when they bought deviation with guidance, thus acquiring utter blindness, to the example of a person who started a fire. When the fire was lit, and illuminated the surrounding area, the person benefited from it and felt safe. Then the fire was suddenly extinguished. Therefore, total darkness covered this person, and he became unable to see anything or find his way out of it.

Further, this person could not hear or speak and became so blind that even if there were light, he would not be able to see. This is why he cannot return to the state that he was in before this happened to him. Such is the case with the hypocrites who preferred misguidance over guidance, deviation over righteousness. This parable indicates that the hypocrites first believed, then disbelieved, just as Allah stated in other parts of the Qur'an.

Allah's statement,

ذَهَبَ اللّهُ بِنُورِهِمۡ

Allah removed their light,

means, Allah removed what benefits them, and this is the light, and He left them with what harms them, that is, the darkness and smoke.

Allah said,

وَتَرَكَهُمۡ فِي ظُلُمَاتٍ

And left them in darkness,

that is their doubts, disbelief and hypocrisy.

لااَّ يُبۡصِرُونَ

(So) they could not see.

meaning, they are unable to find the correct path or find its direction.

In addition, they are,

صُمٌّ بُكۡمٌ عُمۡيٌ فَهُمۡ لَا يَرۡجِعُونَ

They are deaf, dumb, and blind, so they return not (to the right path).

صُمٌّ

(deaf),

and thus cannot hear the guidance.

بُكۡمٌ

(dumb),

and cannot utter the words that might benefit them.

عُمۡيٌ

(and blind),

in total darkness and deviation.

Similarly, Allah said,

فَإِنَّهَا لَا تَعۡمَى الاٌّبۡصَـرُ وَلَـكِن تَعۡمَى الۡقُلُوبُ الَّتِى فِى الصُّدُورِ

Verily, it is not the eyes that grow blind, but it is the hearts which are in the breasts that grow blind. (22:46),

and this why they cannot get back to the state of guidance that they were in, since they sold it for misguidance.

Al-Baqarah: 17

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