Al-Isra: 71

Ayah

Word by Word

يَوۡمَ

(The) Day

نَدۡعُواْ

We will call

كُلَّ

all

أُنَاسِ

human beings

بِإِمَٰمِهِمۡۖ

with their record

فَمَنۡ

then whoever

أُوتِيَ

is given

كِتَٰبَهُۥ

his record

بِيَمِينِهِۦ

in his right hand

فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ

then those

يَقۡرَءُونَ

will read

كِتَٰبَهُمۡ

their records

وَلَا

and not

يُظۡلَمُونَ

they will be wronged

فَتِيلٗا

(even as much as) a hair on a date seed

Translation

One day We shall call together all human beings with their (respective) Imams: those who are given their record in their right hand will read it (with pleasure), and they will not be dealt with unjustly in the least.

Tafsir

Everyone will be called by his Imam on the Day of Resurrection

Allah tells;

يَوۡمَ نَدۡعُو كُلَّ أُنَاسٍ بِإِمَامِهِمۡ

(And remember) the Day when We shall call together all human beings with their (respective) Imam (i.e. the Book of deeds).

Allah tells us that on the Day of Resurrection, he will call each people to account by its Imam.

The scholars differed as to the meaning of this (i.e. Imam).

Mujahid and Qatadah said that;

it meant each nation would be called to account by its Prophet.

Some of the Salaf said;

this is the greatest honor for the people of Hadith, because their leader is the Prophet.

Ibn Zayd said it means;

they would be called to account by their Book which was revealed to their Prophet with its laws.

This was also the view favored by Ibn Jarir.

Ibn Abi Najih narrated that Mujahid said,

""With their Books.""

It may be that what is meant here is what Al-Awfi narrated from Ibn Abbas concerning this Ayah,

يَوۡمَ نَدۡعُو كُلَّ أُنَاسٍ بِإِمَامِهِمۡ

((And remember) the Day when We shall call together all human beings with their (respective) Imam),

which is that it refers to the Book (or record) of their deeds.

This was also the view of Abu Al-Aliyah, Al-Hasan and Ad-Dahhak.

This view is the most correct, because Allah says:

وَكُلَّ شىۡءٍ أَحۡصَيۡنَـهُ فِى إِمَامٍ مُّبِينٍ

and all things We have recorded with numbers (as a record) in a Clear Book (Fi Imamin Mubin). (36:12)

وَوُضِعَ الۡكِتَـبُ فَتَرَى الۡمُجۡرِمِينَ مُشۡفِقِينَ مِمَّا فِيهِ

And the Book (one's record) will be placed, and you will see the criminals, fearful of that which is (recorded) therein. (18:49)

وَتَرَى كُلَّ أُمَّةٍ جَاثِيَةً كُلُّ أمَّةٍ تُدۡعَى إِلَى كِتَـبِهَا الۡيَوۡمَ تُجۡزَوۡنَ مَا كُنتُمۡ تَعۡمَلُونَ

هَـذَا كِتَـبُنَا يَنطِقُ عَلَيۡكُم بِالۡحَقِّ إِنَّا كُنَّا نَسۡتَنسِخُ مَا كُنتُمۡ تَعۡمَلُونَ

And you will see each nation humbled to their knees, each nation will be called to its record (of deeds). This Day you shall be recompensed for what you used to do. This Our record speaks about you with truth. Verily, We were recording what you used to do. (45:28-29)

This does not contradict the fact that the Prophet will be brought forward when Allah judges between his Ummah, for he will inevitably be a witness against his Ummah over their deeds. But what is meant here by Imam is the Book of deeds.

Allah says:

يَوۡمَ نَدۡعُو كُلَّ أُنَاسٍ بِإِمَامِهِمۡ فَمَنۡ أُوتِيَ كِتَابَهُ بِيَمِينِهِ فَأُوۡلَـيِكَ يَقۡرَوُونَ كِتَابَهُمۡ

(And remember) the Day when We shall call together all human beings with their (respective) Imam. So whosoever is given his record in his right hand, such will read their records,

means, because of their happiness and joy at what is recorded therein of good deeds - they will read it and want to read it.

As Allah says:

فَأَمَّا مَنۡ أُوتِىَ كِتَـبَهُ بِيَمِينِهِ فَيَقُولُ هَأوُمُ اقۡرَوُاۡ كِتَـبيَهۡ

Then as for him who will be given his record in his right hand will say:""Here! read my record!) until His saying,

وَأَمَّا مَنۡ أُوتِىَ كِتَـبَهُ بِشِمَالِهِ

But as for him who will be given his record in his left hand, (69:19-29)

وَلَا يُظۡلَمُونَ فَتِيلً

and they will not be dealt with unjustly in the least (Fatilan).

We have already mentioned that the Fatil is the long thread in the groove of a date-pit.

Al-Hafiz Abu Bakr Al-Bazzar recorded a Hadith from Abu Hurayrah according to which the Prophet said, concerning the Ayah,

يَوۡمَ نَدۡعُو كُلَّ أُنَاسٍ بِإِمَامِهِمۡ

(And remember) the Day when We shall call together all human beings with their (respective) Imam.

يُدۡعَى أَحَدُهُمۡ فَيُعۡطَى كِتَابَهُ بِيَمِينِهِ وَيُمَدُّ لَهُ فِي جِسۡمِهِ وَيَبۡيَضُّ وَجۡهُهُ وَيُجۡعَلُ عَلَى رَأۡسِهِ تَاجٌ مِنۡ لُوۡلُوَةٍ يَتَلَۡلَاُ فَيَنۡطَلِقُ إِلَى أَصۡحَابِهِ فَيَرَوۡنَهُ مِنۡ بَعِيدٍ فَيَقُولُونَ

اللَّهُمَّ اتِنَا بِهَذَا وَبَارِكۡ لَنَا فِي هَذَا

فَيَأۡتِيهِمۡ فَيَقُولُ لَهُمۡ أَبۡشِرُوا فَإِنَّ لِكُلِّ رَجُلٍ مِنۡكُمۡ مِثۡلَ هَذَا

وَأَمَّا الۡكَافِرُ فَيَسۡوَدُّ وَجۡهُهُ وَيُمَدُّ لَهُ في جِسۡمِهِ وَيَرَاهُ أَصۡحَابُهُ فَيَقُولُونَ

نَعُوذُ بِاللهِ مِنۡ هَذَا أَوۡ مِنۡ شَرِّ هَذَا اللَّهُمَّ لَا تَأۡتِنَا بِهِ

فَيَأۡتِيهُمۡ فَيَقُولُونَ اللَّهُمَّ أَخۡزِهِ

فَيَقُولُ أَبۡعَدَكُمُ اللهُ فَإِنَّ لِكُلِّ رَجُلٍ مِنۡكُمۡ مِثۡلَ هَذَا

One of you will be called and will be given his Book in his right hand. He will be in a good physical state, with a white face, and there will be placed on his head a crown of shining pearls. He will go to his companions and they will see him from afar, and will say,

""O Allah, let him come to us and bless us with this.""

Then he will come to them and will say to them, ""Rejoice, for every man among you will be like this.""

As for the disbeliever, his face will be black and his body will be enlarged. His companions will see him from afar and will say,

""We seek refuge in Allah from this, or from the evil of this, O Allah, do not let him come to us.""

Then he will come to them and they will say, ""O Allah, humiliate him!""

He will say, ""May Allah cast you away, every man among you will be like this.""

Then Al-Bazzar said:

""This was only reported through this chain.

وَمَن كَانَ فِي هَـذِهِ أَعۡمَى

And whoever is blind in this,

Ibn Abbas, Mujahid, Qatadah and Ibn Zayd said:

this means in this worldly life.

أَعۡمَى

(blind),

means, blind to the signs and proofs of Allah.

فَهُوَ فِي الاخِرَةِ أَعۡمَى

then he will be blind in the Hereafter,

as he was blind in this world.

وَأَضَلُّ سَبِيلً

and most astray from the path.

most astray as he was in this world.

We seek refuge with Allah from that."

Al-Isra: 71

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