An-Nahl: 59

Ayah

Word by Word

يَتَوَٰرَىٰ

He hides himself

مِنَ

from

ٱلۡقَوۡمِ

the people

مِن

(because) of

سُوٓءِ

the evil

مَا

of what

بُشِّرَ

he has been given good news

بِهِۦٓۚ

about

أَيُمۡسِكُهُۥ

Should he keep it

عَلَىٰ

هُونٍ

humiliation

أَمۡ

يَدُسُّهُۥ

bury it

فِي

ٱلتُّرَابِۗ

the dust

أَلَا

Unquestionably

سَآءَ

evil

مَا

(is) what

يَحۡكُمُونَ

they decide

Translation

With shame does he hide himself from his people, because of the bad news he has had! Shall he retain it on (sufferance and) contempt, or bury it in the dust? Ah! what an evil (choice) they decide on?

Tafsir

"Among the Behavior of the Idolators was vowing to Things that Allah had provided for Them to their gods

Allah tells:

وَيَجۡعَلُونَ لِمَا لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ نَصِيبًا مِّمَّا رَزَقۡنَاهُمۡ

And they assign a portion of that which We have provided them with, to what they have no knowledge of (false deities).

Allah tells us about some of the heinous deeds of those who used to perform baseless worship of other gods besides Him, such as idols and statues, with no grounds for doing so. They gave their idols a share of that which Allah had provided for them,

فَقَالُواۡ هَـذَا لِلَّهِ بِزَعۡمِهِمۡ وَهَـذَا لِشُرَكَأيِنَا فَمَا كَانَ لِشُرَكَأيِهِمۡ فَلَ يَصِلُ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَمَا كَانَ لِلَّهِ فَهُوَ يَصِلُ إِلَى شُرَكَأيِهِمۡ سَأءَ مَا يَحۡكُمُونَ

They say:""This is for Allah,"" according to their claim,"" and this is for our partners."" But the share of their ""partners"" is not directed to Allah, while the share of Allah is directed to their ""partners""! How evil is that with which they judge. (6:136)

That is they assigned a share for their idols as well as Allah, but they gave preference to their gods over Him, so Allah swore by His Almighty Self to question them about these lies and fabrications. He will most certainly call them to account for it and give them the unrelenting punishment in the fire of Hell.

So He says,

تَاللّهِ لَتُسۡأَلُنَّ عَمَّا كُنتُمۡ تَفۡتَرُونَ

By Allah, you shall certainly be questioned about (all) that you used to fabricate.

Then Allah tells us how they used to regard the angels, who are servants of the Most Merciful, as being female, and that they considered them to be Allah's daughters, and they worshipped them with Him. In all of the above, they made very serious errors.

They attributed offspring to Him when He has no offspring, then they assigned Him the kind of offspring they regarded as inferior, namely daughters, which they did not even want for themselves, as He said:

أَلَكُمُ الذَّكَرُ وَلَهُ الاٍّنثَى

تِلۡكَ إِذاً قِسۡمَةٌ ضِيزَى

Are the males for you and the females for Him! That is indeed an unfair division! (53:21-22)

And Allah says here

وَيَجۡعَلُونَ لِلّهِ الۡبَنَاتِ سُبۡحَانَهُ

And they assign daughters unto Allah! Glorified (and Exalted) is He.

meaning, above their claims and fabrications.

أَلَا إِنَّهُم مِّنۡ إِفۡكِهِمۡ لَيَقُولُونَ

وَلَدَ اللَّهُ وَإِنَّهُمۡ لَكَـذِبُونَ

أَصۡطَفَى الۡبَنَاتِ عَلَى الۡبَنِينَ

مَا لَكُمۡ كَيۡفَ تَحۡكُمُونَ

But no! It is from their falsehood that they say:""Allah has begotten."" They are certainly liars! Has He (then) chosen daughters rather than sons! What is the matter with you! How do you decide! (37:151-154)

وَلَهُم مَّا يَشۡتَهُونَ

And for themselves, what they desire;

meaning they choose the males for themselves, rejecting the daughters that they assign to Allah. Exalted be Allah far above what they say!

The Idolators' Abhorrence for Daughters

Allah tells

وَإِذَا بُشِّرَ أَحَدُهُمۡ بِالاُنثَى ظَلَّ وَجۡهُهُ مُسۡوَدًّا

And when the news of (the birth of) a female (child) is brought to any of them, his face becomes dark,

meaning with distress and grief.

وَهُوَ كَظِيمٌ

and he is filled with inner grief!

meaning he is silent because of the intensity of the grief he feels

يَتَوَارَى مِنَ الۡقَوۡمِ

He hides himself from the people,

meaning he does not want anyone to see him.

مِن سُوءِ مَا بُشِّرَ بِهِ أَيُمۡسِكُهُ عَلَى هُونٍ أَمۡ يَدُسُّهُ فِي التُّرَابِ

because of the evil of that whereof he has been informed. Shall he keep her with dishonor or bury her in the earth!

meaning, should he keep her, humiliating her, not letting her inherit from him and not taking care of her, preferring his male children over her!

أَمۡ يَدُسُّهُ فِي التُّرَابِ

(or bury her in the earth),

meaning bury her alive, as they used to do during the days of ignorance.

How could they dislike something so intensely, yet attribute it to Allah

أَلَا سَاء مَا يَحۡكُمُونَ

Certainly, evil is their decision.

meaning how evil are the words they say, the way they want to share things out and the things they attribute to Him.

As Allah says:

وَإِذَا بُشِّرَ أَحَدُهُم بِمَا ضَرَبَ لِلرَّحۡمَـنِ مَثَلً ظَلَّ وَجۡهُهُ مُسۡوَدّاً وَهُوَ كَظِيمٌ

And if one of them is informed of the news of (the birth of a girl) that which he sets forth as a parable to the Most Gracious (Allah), his face becomes dark, and he is filled with grief! (43:17)

Here, Allah says

لِلَّذِينَ لَا يُوۡمِنُونَ بِالاخِرَةِ مَثَلُ السَّوۡءِ

For those who do not believe in the Hereafter there is an evil description,

meaning, only imperfection is to be attributed to.

وَلِلّهِ الۡمَثَلُ الَاعۡلَىَ

and for Allah is the highest description.

meaning He is absolutely perfect in all ways and this absolute perfection is His Alone.

وَهُوَ الۡعَزِيزُ الۡحَكِيمُ

And He is the All-Mighty, the All-Wise."

An-Nahl: 59

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