An-Nahl: 115

Ayah

Word by Word

إِنَّمَا

Only

حَرَّمَ

He has forbidden

عَلَيۡكُمُ

to you

ٱلۡمَيۡتَةَ

the dead animal

وَٱلدَّمَ

and the blood

وَلَحۡمَ

and the flesh

ٱلۡخِنزِيرِ

(of) the swine

وَمَآ

and what

أُهِلَّ

has been dedicated

لِغَيۡرِ

to other (than)

ٱللَّهِ

Allah

بِهِۦۖ

[with it]

فَمَنِ

But (if) one

ٱضۡطُرَّ

(is) forced

غَيۡرَ

without (being)

بَاغٖ

disobedient

وَلَا

and not

عَادٖ

a transgressor

فَإِنَّ

then indeed

ٱللَّهَ

Allah

غَفُورٞ

(is) Oft-Forgiving

رَّحِيمٞ

Most Merciful

Translation

He has only forbidden you dead meat, and blood, and the flesh of swine, and any (food) over which the name of other than Allah has been invoked. But if one is forced by necessity, without wilful disobedience, nor transgressing due limits,- then Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.

Tafsir

The Command to eat Lawful Provisions and to be Thankful, and an Explanation of what is Unlawful

Allah says:

فَكُلُواْ مِمَّا رَزَقَكُمُ اللّهُ حَللاً طَيِّبًا وَاشْكُرُواْ نِعْمَتَ اللّهِ إِن كُنتُمْ إِيَّاهُ تَعْبُدُونَThe Command to eat Lawful Provisions and to be Thankful, and an Explanation of what is Unlawful

Allah says:

فَكُلُواۡ مِمَّا رَزَقَكُمُ اللّهُ حَللاً طَيِّبًا وَاشۡكُرُواۡ نِعۡمَتَ اللّهِ إِن كُنتُمۡ إِيَّاهُ تَعۡبُدُونَ

إِنَّمَا حَرَّمَ عَلَيۡكُمُ الۡمَيۡتَةَ وَالۡدَّمَ وَلَحۡمَ الۡخَنزِيرِ

So eat of the lawful and good food which Allah has provided for you. And be grateful for Allah's favor, if it is He Whom you worship.

He has only forbidden dead flesh, blood, the flesh of swine, and any animal which is slaughtered as a sacrifice for other than Allah.

Allah orders His believing servants to eat the good and lawful things that He has provided, and to give thanks to Him for that, for He is the Giver and Originator of all favors, Who alone deserves to be worshipped, having no partners or associate.

Then Allah mentions what He has forbidden things which harm them in both religious and worldly affairs, i.e., dead meat, blood and the flesh of pigs.

وَمَأ أُهِلَّ لِغَيۡرِ اللّهِ بِهِ

and any animal which is slaughtered as a sacrifice for other than Allah.

meaning, it was slaughtered with the mention of a name other than that of Allah.

Nevertheless,

فَمَنِ اضۡطُرَّ

But if one is forced by necessity,

meaning, if one needs to do it,

غَيۡرَ بَاغٍ وَلَا عَادٍ

without willful disobedience, nor transgressing,

i.e. without deliberately disobeying or transgressing, then,

فَإِنَّ اللّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ

Allah is Pardoning, Most Merciful.

We have already discussed a similar Ayah in Surah Al-Baqarah, and there is no need to repeat it here. And to Allah be praise.

Then Allah forbids us to follow the ways of the idolators who declare things to be permitted or forbidden based upon their own whims and whatever names they agree on, such as;

the Bahirah (a she-camel whose milk was spared for the idols and nobody was allowed to milk it),

the Sa'ibah (a she-camel let loose for free pasture for their false gods, idols, etc., and nothing was allowed to be carried on it),

the Wasilah (a she-camel set free for idols because it has given birth to a she-camel at its first delivery and then again gives birth to a she-camel at its second delivery), and

the Ham (a stallion camel freed from work for the sake of their idols, after it had finished a number of acts of copulation assigned for it), and so on.

All of these were laws and customs that were invented during jahiliyyah.

Then Allah says

وَلَا تَقُولُواۡ لِمَا تَصِفُ أَلۡسِنَتُكُمُ الۡكَذِبَ هَـذَا حَلَلٌ وَهَـذَا حَرَامٌ لِّتَفۡتَرُواۡ عَلَى اللّهِ الۡكَذِبَ

And do not describe what your tongues have lied about, saying:""This is lawful and this is forbidden,"" to invent lies against Allah.

This includes everyone who comes up with an innovation (Bid`ah) for which he has no evidence from the Shariah, or whoever declares something lawful that Allah has forbidden, or whoever declares something unlawful that Allah has permitted, only because it suits his opinions or whim to do so.

لِمَا تَصِفُ

(describe what...),

meaning, do not speak lies because of what your tongues put forth.

Then Allah warns against that by saying:

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَفۡتَرُونَ عَلَى اللّهِ الۡكَذِبَ لَا يُفۡلِحُونَ

Verily, those who invent lies against Allah, will never succeed.

meaning, either in this world or the Hereafter.

مَتَاعٌ قَلِيلٌ وَلَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ

A passing brief enjoyment (will be theirs), but they will suffer a painful torment.

As for this world, it is transient pleasure, and in the Hereafter, theirs will be a severe punishment, as Allah says:

نُمَتِّعُهُمۡ قَلِيلً ثُمَّ نَضۡطَرُّهُمۡ إِلَى عَذَابٍ غَلِيظٍ

We let them enjoy for a little while, then in the end We will drive them into an unrelenting punishment. (31:24)

and,

قُلۡ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَفۡتَرُونَ عَلَى اللَّهِ الۡكَذِبَ لَا يُفۡلِحُونَ

مَتَـعٌ فِى الدُّنۡيَا ثُمَّ إِلَيۡنَا مَرۡجِعُهُمۡ ثُمَّ نُذِيقُهُمُ الۡعَذَابَ الشَّدِيدَ بِمَا كَانُواۡ يَكۡفُرُونَ

Verily, those who invent a lie against Allah, will never be successful. (A brief) enjoyment in this world! and then to Us will be their return, then We shall make them taste the severest torment because they disbelieved. (10:69-70)"

An-Nahl: 115

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