Yunus: 105

Ayah

Word by Word

وَأَنۡ

And that

أَقِمۡ

Direct

وَجۡهَكَ

your face

لِلدِّينِ

to the religion

حَنِيفٗا

upright

وَلَا

and (do) not

تَكُونَنَّ

مِنَ

ٱلۡمُشۡرِكِينَ

the polytheists

Translation

"And further (thus): 'set thy face towards religion with true piety, and never in any wise be of the Unbelievers;

Tafsir

"The Command to reflect upon the Creation of the Heavens and the Earth

Allah says,

قُلِ انظُرُواۡ مَاذَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالَارۡضِ

Say:""Behold all that is in the heavens and the earth.""

Allah, the Exalted, guides His servants to reflect upon His blessings.

Allah, the Exalted, guides His servants to reflect upon His blessings. What Allah has created in the heavens and the earth is part of the clear signs for those who possess correct understanding. From that which is in the heavens are the luminous stars, the firmaments, the moving planetary bodies, the sun and the moon. This also includes the night and day, their alternating, and their merging so that one is long and the other is short. Then they alternate (through the year) so that the long one becomes short and the short one becomes long. Likewise, from the signs in the heavens is the rising of the sun, its vastness, its beauty and its adornment.

Also, whatever rain that Allah sends down from the heavens, thereby bringing the earth to life after its death, and causing various types of fruits, crops, flowers and plants to grow, is from its signs. Whatever Allah creates in the earth from the various species of beasts, with their differing colors and benefits (for man), are signs. The mountains, plains, deserts, civilizations, structures and barren lands of the earth are signs.

Then there are the wonders of the sea and its waves. Yet, it still has been made subservient and submissive to those who travel upon its surface. It carries their ships, allowing them to traverse upon it with ease. This is all under the control of the Most Able; there is no God worthy of worship except Him and there is no true Lord other than Him.

Concerning Allah's statement,

وَمَا تُغۡنِي الايَاتُ وَالنُّذُرُ عَن قَوۡمٍ لاَّ يُوۡمِنُونَ

But neither Ayat nor warners benefit those who do not believe.

This means, `What thing will benefit such disbelieving people besides the heavenly and earthly signs, and the Messengers with their miracles, proofs and evidences that clearly prove the truthfulness of their message.'

This is similar to Allah's statement,

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ حَقَّتۡ عَلَيۡهِمۡ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ لَا يُوۡمِنُونَ

Truly! Those against whom the Word of your Lord has been justified, will not believe. (10:96)

Concerning Allah's statement

فَهَلۡ يَنتَظِرُونَ إِلاَّ مِثۡلَ أَيَّامِ الَّذِينَ خَلَوۡاۡ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡ

Then do they wait save for the likes of the days of men who passed away before them,

This means, `Are these who reject you Muhammad, waiting for the vengeance and torment like the Days of Allah, when He punished those who came before them of the previous nations that rejected their Messengers!'

قُلۡ فَانتَظِرُواۡ إِنِّي مَعَكُم مِّنَ الۡمُنتَظِرِينَ ثُمَّ نُنَجِّي رُسُلَنَا وَالَّذِينَ امَنُواۡ

Say:""Wait then, I am waiting with you among those who wait."" Then We save Our Messengers and those who believe!

This means, `Verily, We destroy those who reject the Messengers.'

كَذَلِكَ حَقًّا عَلَيۡنَا نُنجِ الۡمُوۡمِنِينَ

Thus it is incumbent upon Us to save the believers.

This means that this is a right that Allah, the Exalted, has obligated upon His Noble Self.

This is similar to His statement,

كَتَبَ رَبُّكُمۡ عَلَى نَفۡسِهِ الرَّحۡمَةَ

Your Lord has written (prescribed) mercy for Himself. (6:54

The Command to worship Allah Alone and rely upon Him

Allah, the Exalted, says

قُلۡ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِن كُنتُمۡ فِي شَكٍّ مِّن دِينِي فَلَ أَعۡبُدُ الَّذِينَ تَعۡبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ اللّهِ وَلَـكِنۡ أَعۡبُدُ اللّهَ الَّذِي يَتَوَفَّاكُمۡ

Say:""O people! If you are in doubt about my religion - I will never worship those whom you worship besides Allah, rather, I will worship Allah, the One Who cause you to die.

Allah, the Exalted, says to His Messenger, Muhammad, `Say:O mankind! If you are in doubt about the correctness of that which I have been sent with the Hanif (monotheism) religion - the religion which Allah has revealed to me -- then know that I do not worship those whom you worship besides Allah. Rather, I worship Allah alone, ascribing no partners to Him. He is the One Who causes you to die just as He gives you life. Then, unto Him is your final return. If the gods that you call upon are real, I still refuse to worship them. So call upon them and ask them to harm me, and you will see that they can bring no harm or benefit. The only One Who holds the power of harm and benefit in His Hand is Allah alone, Who has no partners.'

وَأُمِرۡتُ أَنۡ أَكُونَ مِنَ الۡمُوۡمِنِينَ

And I was commanded to be one of the believers.

Concerning Allah's statement

وَأَنۡ أَقِمۡ وَجۡهَكَ لِلدِّينِ حَنِيفًا

And that you direct your face towards the Hanif religion,

This means to make one's intention in worship solely for Allah alone, being a Hanif.

Hanif means one who turns away from associating partners with Allah.

For this reason Allah says,

وَلَا تَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الۡمُشۡرِكِينَ

and not be one of the idolators.

This statement is directly connected with the previous statement,

وَأُمِرۡتُ أَنۡ أَكُونَ مِنَ الۡمُوۡمِنِينَ

(And I was commanded to be one of the believers).

وَلَا تَدۡعُ مِن دُونِ اللّهِ مَا لَا يَنفَعُكَ وَلَا يَضُرُّكَ فَإِن فَعَلۡتَ فَإِنَّكَ إِذًا مِّنَ الظَّالِمِينَ

""And do not invoke besides Allah what will not benefit you nor harm you. For if you did, you would certainly be one of the wrongdoers.""

Concerning His statement

وَإِن يَمۡسَسۡكَ اللّهُ بِضُرٍّ

And if Allah touches you with harm,

This verse contains the explanation that good, evil, benefit and harm only come from Allah alone and no one shares with His power over these things. Therefore, He is the One Who deserves to be worshipped alone, without ascription of partners.

فَلَ كَاشِفَ لَهُ إِلاَّ هُوَ وَإِن يُرِدۡكَ بِخَيۡرٍ فَلَ رَادَّ لِفَضۡلِهِ يُصَيبُ بِهِ مَن يَشَاء مِنۡ عِبَادِهِ

there is none who can lift it but He. And if He intends good for you, then none can repel. His favor which He causes to reach whom He wills among His servants.

Concerning His statement,

وَهُوَ الۡغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ

And He is the Pardoning, the Merciful.

This means that He is forgiving and merciful towards those who turn to Him in repentance, regardless of what sin the person has committed. Even if the person associated a partner with Allah, verily Allah would forgive him if he repented from it

Allah says;

قُلۡ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ قَدۡ جَاءكُمُ الۡحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّكُمۡ فَمَنِ اهۡتَدَى فَإِنَّمَا يَهۡتَدِي لِنَفۡسِهِ وَمَن ضَلَّ فَإِنَّمَا يَضِلُّ عَلَيۡهَا

Say:""O people! Now the truth has come to you from your Lord. So whoever receives guidance, he does so for the good of himself. And whoever goes astray, he does so at his own loss.

Allah, the Exalted, commands His Messenger to inform the people that that which he has brought them from Allah is the truth. It is a message concerning which there is no doubt or suspicion. Therefore, whoever is guided by it and follows it, then he only benefits himself by doing so. Likewise, whoever is misguided away from this message, then he will suffer the consequences against his own self.

وَمَا أَنَاۡ عَلَيۡكُم بِوَكِيلٍ

And I am not set over you as a guardian.

This means, `I am not a guardian over you in order for you to become believers. I am only a warner to you and guidance belongs to Allah, the Exalted.'

Concerning Allah's statement

وَاتَّبِعۡ مَا يُوحَى إِلَيۡكَ وَاصۡبِرۡ

And follow what has been revealed to you, and be patient,

This means, `Adhere to that which Allah has revealed to you, and inspired you with, and be patient with the opposition that you meet from the people.'

حَتَّىَ يَحۡكُمَ اللّهُ

until Allah gives judgment,

This means, `Until Allah judges between you and them.'

وَهُوَ خَيۡرُ الۡحَاكِمِينَ

And He is the best of judges.

This means that He is the best of those who pass judgment, due to His Justice and His wisdom.

This is the end of the Tafsir of Surah Yunus, and all praises and thanks are due to Allah."

Yunus: 105

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