Yunus: 1

Ayah

Word by Word

الٓرۚ

Alif Lam Ra

تِلۡكَ

These

ءَايَٰتُ

(are the) verses

ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ

(of) the Book

ٱلۡحَكِيمِ

the wise

Translation

A. L. R. These are the ayats of the Book of Wisdom.

Tafsir

"Tafsir of Surah Yunus

Allah says;

الر

Alif-Lam-Ra.

The isolated letters in the beginning of this Surah, as well as in others, have been previously discussed at the beginning of Surah Al-Baqarah.

Allah said:

تِلۡكَ ايَاتُ الۡكِتَابِ الۡحَكِيمِ

These are the verses of the Book (the Qur'an) Al-Hakim.

This indicates that these are verses of the Qur'an, in which the wisdom of judgment is clear.

The Messenger cannot be but a Human Being

Allah rebukes the attitude of the disbelievers with the words

أَكَانَ لِلنَّاسِ عَجَبًا

Is it a wonder for mankind...

They have always found it strange that Allah would send Messengers to them from among mankind.

Allah also tells us about other people from previous nations who said,

أَبَشَرٌ يَهۡدُونَنَا

Shall mere men guide us? (64:6)

Hud and Salih said to their people:

أَوَ عَجِبۡتُمۡ أَن جَأءَكُمۡ ذِكۡرٌ مِّن رَّبِّكُمۡ عَلَى رَجُلٍ مِّنۡكُمۡ

Do you wonder that there has come to you a reminder from your Lord through a man from among you! (7:63)

Allah also told us what the disbelievers from Quraysh said:

أَجَعَلَ الاٌّلِهَةَ إِلَـهاً وَحِداً إِنَّ هَـذَا لَشَىۡءٌ عُجَابٌ

Has he made the gods into one God Verily, this is a curious thing! (38:5)

Ad-Dahhak reported Ibn Abbas that he said:

""When Allah sent Muhammad as a Messenger, most of the Arabs denied him and his message and said:Allah is greater than sending a human Messenger like Muhammad.""

Ibn Abbas said, ""So Allah revealed:

أَكَانَ لِلنَّاسِ عَجَبًا

Is it a wonder for mankind...""

أَنۡ أَوۡحَيۡنَا إِلَى رَجُلٍ مِّنۡهُمۡ أَنۡ أَنذِرِ النَّاسَ وَبَشِّرِ الَّذِينَ امَنُواۡ

that We have sent Our revelation to a man from among themselves (saying):""Warn mankind, and give good news to those who believe,

أَنَّ لَهُمۡ قَدَمَ صِدۡقٍ عِندَ رَبِّهِمۡ

that they shall have with their Lord the rewards of their good deeds,

Scholars have differed over the meaning of the reward for the good deeds in this Ayah:

وَبَشِّرِ الَّذِينَ امَنُواۡ أَنَّ لَهُمۡ قَدَمَ صِدۡقٍ

and give good news to those who believe that they shall have with their Lord the rewards of their good deeds.

Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn Abbas said about this Ayah,

""Eternal happiness has been written for them.""

Al-Awfi reported that Ibn Abbas said:

""It is the good reward for what they have done.""

Mujahid said:

""It is their good deeds -- their prayers, fasting, charity, and glorification.""

He then said,

""And Muhammad will intercede for them.""

Allah said:

قَالَ الۡكَافِرُونَ إِنَّ هَـذَا لَسَاحِرٌ مُّبِينٌ

(But) the disbelievers say:""This is indeed an evident sorcerer!""

This means that the disbelievers said this although Allah has sent a Messenger from among themselves to them, a man of their own race as a bearer of good news and as a warner. But they are the liars in saying that."

Related Q&A

Why muqotto'at verses exist in Quran?

Many scholars say that no one knows the meaning of Huruf Muqatta'at (Disjointed-Letters) except Allah. Then why they exist in the Qur'an which was sent down to the humankind?

ANSWER:

Firstly, to say that no one understands the meaning of these letters except Allah is not the consensus of all scholars. Indeed, some scholars beginning from some Shahabah (Companions) explained their meanings. Yasiin, for example, means "O human" according to Ibn 'Abbas. He also told that "Alif Lam Ra'" stands for "Ana Allah Araa" which means "I -Allah- see."

On the other hand, we should acknowledge that there are several Shahabah and scholars believe that only Allah who knows the meaning of these Huruf Muqatta'at. Abu Bakr said: "There is secret in every book. Then the secret of Allah in the Quran is these letters in the beginning of surahs." Ali ibn Abi Thalib and others also stated the same thing.

Ash-Sha'bi, a Tabi'i, was once asked about these letters. He then answered, "Every book have their secret. The secret of the Qur'an is the letters in the beginning of surahs. So, leave it and ask me other question beside it."

Yet even from this perspective, these Huruf Muqatta'at are not useless. They even show us many benefits, of them are:

- to examine our faith

- to show us that our knowledge is limited

- to show us that the Quran is in Arabic since it is arranged from these Arabic letters

- to attract listeners' attention due to their uniqueness

- to make a pledge

- to be names for some surahs

There are also interesting facts from this Huruf Muqotta'at. Of them is the total amount of these letters is 14 which is a half of 28 Arabic letters. They can be drawn up to be a sentence like this:

نص حكيم قاطع له سر

The wise, absolute text which has secret.

In short, some scholars exegete these letters while the others did not but still say that these letters have benefits and wisdoms.

Allah knows best.

See:

Ma'alim Al-Tanzil (II/249) & (VII/7)

Al-Kashshaf (I/20-28)

Yunus: 1

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