ٱلْأَعْرَاف : ١٣٠

وَلَقَدۡ And certainly
أَخَذۡنَآ We seized
ءَالَ (the) people
فِرۡعَوۡنَ (of) Firaun
بِٱلسِّنِينَ with years (of famine)
وَنَقۡصٖ and a deficit
مِّنَ of
ٱلثَّمَرَٰتِ [the] fruits
لَعَلَّهُمۡ so that they may
يَذَّكَّرُونَ receive admonition

And We certainly seized¹ the people of Pharaoh with years of famine and a deficiency in fruits that perhaps they would be reminded.

Footnotes

¹ - Imposed on them by way of trial and warning.

And verily We seized Pharaoh's folk with the years, of drought, and dearth of fruits, so that they might remember, [that they might] heed the admonition, and become believers.

"Fir`awn vows to kill the Children of Israel, Who complain to Musa; Allah promises Them Victory Allah mentions the conspiracy of Fir`awn and his people, their ill intentions and their hatred for Musa and his people. وَقَالَ الْمَلأ مِن قَوْمِ فِرْعَونَ The chiefs of Fir`awn's people said, (to Fir`awn), أَتَذَرُ مُوسَى وَقَوْمَهُ ""Will you leave Musa and his people!"" will you let them be free, لِيُفْسِدُواْ فِي الَارْضِ ""to spread mischief in the land,"" spreading unrest among your subjects and calling them to worship their Lord instead of you. Amazingly, these people were worried that Musa and his people would cause mischief! Rather, Fir`awn and his people are the mischief-makers, but they did not realize it. They said, وَيَذَرَكَ وَالِهَتَكَ ""and to abandon you and your gods."" `Your gods', According to Ibn Abbas, as As-Suddi narrated from him, ""Were cows. Whenever they ﷺ a beautiful cow, Fir`awn would command them to worship it. This is why As-Samiri, made the statue of a calf that seemed to moo for the Children of Israel."" Fir`awn accepted his people's recommendation, قَالَ سَنُقَتِّلُ أَبْنَاءهُمْ وَنَسْتَحْيِـي نِسَاءهُمْ He said:""We will kill their sons, and let their women live,"" thus reiterating his previous order concerning the Children of Israel. وَإِنَّا فَوْقَهُمْ قَاهِرُونَ and we have indeed irresistible power over them."" He had tormented them (killing every newly born male) before Musa was born, so that Musa would not live. However, the opposite of what Fir`awn sought and intended occurred. The same end struck Fir`awn that he intended to subjugate and humiliate the Children of Israel with. Allah gave victory to the Children of Israel, humiliated and disgraced Fir`awn, and caused him to drown along with his soldiers. When Fir`awn insisted on his evil plot against the Children of Israel قَالَ مُوسَى لِقَوْمِهِ اسْتَعِينُوا بِاللّهِ وَاصْبِرُواْ Musa said to his people:""Seek help in Allah and be patient,"" and promised them that the good end will be theirs and that they will prevail, saying, إِنَّ الَارْضَ لِلّهِ يُورِثُهَا مَن يَشَاء مِنْ عِبَادِهِ وَالْعَاقِبَةُ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ قَالُواْ أُوذِينَا مِن قَبْلِ أَن تَأْتِينَا وَمِن بَعْدِ مَا جِيْتَنَا ""Verily, the earth is Allah's. He gives it as a heritage to whom He wills of His servants; and the (blessed) end is for the pious and righteous persons."" They said:""We suffered troubles before you came to us, and since you have come to us."" The Children of Israel replied to Musa, `they (Fir`awn and his people) inflicted humiliation and disgrace on us, some you witnessed, both before and after you came to us, O Musa'! Musa replied, reminding them of their present situation and how it will change in the future, قَالَ عَسَى رَبُّكُمْ أَن يُهْلِكَ عَدُوَّكُمْ ""It may be that your Lord will destroy your enemy. .."" encouraging them to appreciate Allah when the afflictions are removed and replaced by a bounty. وَيَسْتَخْلِفَكُمْ فِي الَارْضِ فَيَنظُرَ كَيْفَ تَعْمَلُونَ and make you successors on the earth, so that He may see how you act!"" Fir`awn and His People suffer Years of Drought Allah said, وَلَقَدْ أَخَذْنَا الَ فِرْعَونَ And indeed We punished the people of Fir`awn, We tested and tried them, بِالسِّنِينَ with years of drought, of famine due to little produce, وَنَقْصٍ مِّن الثَّمَرَاتِ and lack of fruits, According to Mujahid, which is less severe. Abu Ishaq narrated that Raja' bin Haywah said, ""The date tree used to produce only one date!"" لَعَلَّهُمْ يَذَّكَّرُونَ فَإِذَا جَاءتْهُمُ الْحَسَنَةُ That they might remember (take heed). But whenever good came to them, such as a fertile season and provisions, قَالُواْ لَنَا هَـذِهِ they said, ""This is for us."" because we deserve it, وَإِن تُصِبْهُمْ سَيِّيَةٌ and if evil afflicted them, drought and famine, يَطَّيَّرُواْ بِمُوسَى وَمَن مَّعَهُ they considered it an omen about Musa and those with him. saying that this hardship is because of them and what they have done. Verily, their omens are with Allah. أَلا إِنَّمَا طَايِرُهُمْ عِندَ اللّهُ Verily, their omens are with Allah, Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn Abbas commented, ""Allah says that their afflictions are with and from Him, وَلَـكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ but most of them know not. Allah punishes the People of Fir`awn because of Their Rebellion Allah describes the rebellion, tyranny, defiance of the truth and insistence on falsehood of the people of Fir`awn, وَقَالُواْ مَهْمَا تَأْتِنَا بِهِ مِن ايَةٍ لِّتَسْحَرَنَا بِهَا فَمَا نَحْنُ لَكَ بِمُوْمِنِينَ They said (to Musa):""Whatever Ayat you may bring to us, to work therewith your sorcery on us, we shall never believe in you."" They said, `whatever miracle, proof and evidence you bring us, we will neither accept it from you nor believe in you or what you came with. Allah said, فَأَرْسَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمُ الطُّوفَانَ وَالْجَرَادَ وَالْقُمَّلَ وَالضَّفَادِعَ وَالدَّمَ ايَاتٍ مُّفَصَّلَتٍ فَاسْتَكْبَرُواْ وَكَانُواْ قَوْمًا مُّجْرِمِينَ So We sent on them:the Tuwfan, the locusts, the Qummal, the frogs, and the blood (as a succession of) manifest signs, yet they remained arrogant, and they were of those people who were criminals. فَأَرْسَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمُ الطُّوفَانَ (So We sent on them the Tufan), Ibn Abbas commented; ""It was a heavy rain that ruined the produce and fruits."" He is also reported to have said that; Tuwfan refers to mass death. Mujahid said, it is water that carries the plague every where. As for the locust, it is the well-known insect, which is permissible to eat. It is recorded in the Two Sahihs, that Abu Yafur said that he asked Abdullah bin Abi Awfa about locust. He said, ""We participated in seven battles with the Messenger of Allah , and we used to eat locusts."" Ash-Shafi`i, Ahmad bin Hanbal and Ibn Majah recorded from `]Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam that his father narrated from Ibn `]Umar that the Prophet said, أُحِلَّتْ لَنَا مَيْتَتَانِ وَدَمَانِ الْحُوتُ وَالْجَرَادُ وَالْكَبِدُ وَالطِّحَال We were allowed two dead animals and two (kinds of) blood: fish and locust, and kidney and spleen Ibn Abi Najih narrated from Mujahid about Allah's statement, فَأَرْسَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمُ الطُّوفَانَ وَالْجَرَادَ (So We sent on them:the flood, the locusts), ""Eating the nails on their doors and leaving the wood."" As for the Qummal, Ibn Abbas said that it is the grain bug, or, according to another view; small locusts that do not have wings. Similar was reported from Mujahid, Ikrimah and Qatadah. Al-Hasan and Sa`id bin Jubayr said that; `Qummal' are small black insects. Abu Jafar bin Jarir recorded that Sa`id bin Jubayr said, ""When Musa came to Fir`awn, he demanded, `Release the Children of Israel to me.' But, Fir`awn did not comply; and Allah sent the Tuwfan, and that is a rain which continued until they feared that it was a form of torment. They said to Musa, `Invoke your Lord to release us from this rain, and we will believe in you and send the Children of Israel with you.' Musa invoked his Lord and He removed the affliction from them. However, they did not believe, nor did they send the Children of Israel with him. In that year, Allah allowed (the earth) to grow various types of produce, fruits and grass for them as never before. They said, `This is what we hoped for.' So Allah sent the locusts, and the locusts started to feed on the grass. When they ﷺ the effect the locusts had on the grass, they knew that no vegetation would be saved from devastation. They said, `O Musa! Invoke your Lord so that He will remove the locusts from us, and we will believe in you and release the Children of Israel to you.' Musa invoked his Lord, and He removed the locusts. Still, they did not believe and did not send the Children of Israel with him. They collected grains and kept them in their homes. They said, `We saved our crops.' However, Allah sent the Qummal, grain bugs, and one of them would take ten bags of grains to the mill, but only reap three small bags of grain. They said, `O Musa! Ask your Lord to remove the Qummal (weevil) from us and we will believe in you and send the Children of Israel with you.' Musa invoked his Lord, and Allah removed the Qummal from them. However, they did not send the Children of Israel with him. Once, when he was with Fir`awn, Musa heard the sound of a frog and said to Fir`awn, `What will you and your people suffer from this (the frogs)!' Fir`awn said, `What can frogs do!' Yet, by the time that night arrived a person would be sitting in a crowd of frogs that reached up to his chin and could not open his mouth to speak without a frog jumping in it. They said to Musa, `Invoke your Lord to remove these frogs from us, and we will believe in you and send the Children of Israel with you.' Musa invoked his Lord, but they did not believe. Allah then sent blood that filled the rivers, wells and the water containers they had. They complained to Fir`awn, saying, `We are inflicted with blood and do not have anything to drink.' He said, `Musa has bewitched you.' They said, `How could he do that when whenever we look for water in our containers we found that it has turned into blood!' They came to Musa and said, `Invoke your Lord to save us from this blood, and we will believe in you and send the Children of Israel with you.' Musa invoked his Lord and the blood stopped, but they did not believe nor send the Children of Israel with him."" A similar account was attributed to Ibn Abbas, As-Suddi, Qatadah and several others among the Salaf. Muhammad bin Ishaq bin Yasar said, ""The enemy of Allah, Fir`awn, went back defeated and humiliated, after the sorcerers believed (in Musa). He insisted on remaining in disbelief and persisted in wickedness. Allah sent down the signs to him, and he (and his people) were first inflicted by famine. Allah then sent the flood, the locusts, the Qummal, the frogs then blood, as consecutive signs. When Allah sent the flood, it filled the surface of the earth with water. But the water level receded, and they could not make use of it to till the land or do anything else وَلَمَّا وَقَعَ عَلَيْهِمُ الرِّجْزُ And when the punishment struck them, They became hungry. This is when, قَالُواْ يَا مُوسَى ادْعُ لَنَا رَبَّكَ بِمَا عَهِدَ عِندَكَ لَيِن كَشَفْتَ عَنَّا الرِّجْزَ لَنُوْمِنَنَّ لَكَ وَلَنُرْسِلَنَّ مَعَكَ بَنِي إِسْرَايِيلَ They said:""O Musa! Invoke your Lord for us because of His promise to you. If you remove the punishment from us, we indeed shall believe in you, and we shall let the Children of Israel go with you."" Musa invoked his Lord and He removed the affliction from them, but they did not keep their promises. So Allah sent locusts that ate the trees and consumed the nails on their doors, until the doors fell from their homes and residences. They again said what they said to Musa before, and he called on his Lord and He removed the affliction. Still, they did not keep their promises, and Allah sent the Qummal. Musa, peace be upon him, was commanded to go to a mound and strike it with his staff. So Musa went to a huge mound, struck it with his staff and the Qummal fell out of it in tremendous numbers, until they overwhelmed the houses and food reserves, ultimately depriving them of sleep and rest. When they suffered under this affliction, they said similar to what they said before, and Musa invoked his Lord and He removed the affliction. They did not keep their promise and Allah sent the frogs to them, and they filled the houses, foods and pots. One of them would not pick up a piece of clothing, or uncover some food, without finding frogs in it. When this affliction became hard on them, they made similar promises as before, Musa supplicated to his Lord and Allah removed the affliction. They did not keep any of the promises they made, and Allah sent the blood, and the waters of the people of Fir`awn turned to blood. Any water they collected from a well, a river, or a container, turned to blood."" فَلَمَّا كَشَفْنَا عَنْهُمُ الرِّجْزَ إِلَى أَجَلٍ هُم بَالِغُوهُ إِذَا هُمْ يَنكُثُونَ But when We removed the punishment from them for a fixed term, which they had to reach, behold! They broke their word The People of Fir`awn drown in the Sea; the Children of Israel inherit the Holy Land Allah tells; فَانتَقَمْنَا مِنْهُمْ فَأَغْرَقْنَاهُمْ فِي الْيَمِّ بِأَنَّهُمْ كَذَّبُواْ بِأيَاتِنَا وَكَانُواْ عَنْهَا غَافِلِينَ وَأَوْرَثْنَا الْقَوْمَ الَّذِينَ كَانُواْ يُسْتَضْعَفُونَ So We took retribution from them. We drowned them in the sea, because they belied Our Ayat and were heedless with them. And We made the people who were considered weak to inherit... Allah states that when the people of Fir`awn rebelled and transgressed, even though He inflicted them with consecutive signs, one after another, He took retribution from them by drowning them in the sea that Musa parted by Allah's power, and he and the Children of Israel passed through. In their pursuit, Fir`awn and his soldiers went in the sea chasing Musa and his people. When they all had gone inside the water, the sea closed in on them and they all drowned, because they belied the Ayat of Allah and were heedless of them. Allah said that He has granted the people who were considered weak, the Children of Israel, to inherit the eastern and western parts of the land. مَشَارِقَ الَارْضِ وَمَغَارِبَهَا الَّتِي بَارَكْنَا فِيهَا the eastern parts of the land and the western parts thereof which We have blessed. Al-Hasan Al-Basri and Qatadah commented that Allah's statement, refers to the Sham area (Greater Syria). وَتَمَّتْ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ الْحُسْنَى عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَايِيلَ بِمَا صَبَرُواْ And the fair Word of your Lord was fulfilled for the Children of Israel, because of their endurance. Mujahid and Ibn Jarir said that Allah's statement, is explained by Allah's other statement, وَنُرِيدُ أَن نَّمُنَّ عَلَى الَّذِينَ اسْتُضْعِفُواْ فِى الاٌّرْضِ وَنَجْعَلَهُمْ أَيِمَّةً وَنَجْعَلَهُمُ الْوَارِثِينَ وَنُمَكِّنَ لَهُمْ فِى الاٌّرْضِ وَنُرِىَ فِرْعَوْنَ وَهَـمَـنَ وَجُنُودَهُمَا مِنْهُمْ مَّا كَانُواْ يَحْذَرونَ And We wished to do a favor to those who were weak (and oppressed) in the land, and to make them rulers and to make them the inheritors. And to establish them in the land, and We let Fir`awn and Haman and their hosts receive from them that which they feared. (28:5-6) Further, Allah's statement, وَدَمَّرْنَا مَا كَانَ يَصْنَعُ فِرْعَوْنُ وَقَوْمُهُ And We destroyed what Fir`awn and his people produced, meaning, We destroyed what Fir`awn and his people produced, such as agriculture and buildings. وَمَا كَانُواْ يَعْرِشُونَ and what they erected. Ibn Abbas and Mujahid said that يَعْرِشُونَ (they erected), means, they builtز"

Tafsir Surat Al-A'raf: 130-131 Dan sesungguhnya Kami telah menghukum Fir'aun dan kaumnya dengan (mendatangkan musim kemarau) bertahun-tahun dan kekurangan buah-buahan, agar mereka mengambil pelajaran. Maka apabila kebaikan (kemakmuran) datang kepada mereka, mereka berkata, "Ini adalah karena (usaha) kami." Dan jika mereka ditimpa kesusahan, mereka lemparkan sebab kesialan itu kepada Musa dan pengikutnya. Ketahuilah, sesungguhnya nasib mereka di tangan Allah, namun kebanyakan mereka tidak mengetahui. Adapun firman Allah ﷻ: “Dan sesungguhnya Kami telah menghukum Fir'aun dan kaumnya.” (Al-A'raf: 130) Maksudnya, Kami telah menguji dan mencoba serta menimpakan musibah kepada mereka. “Dengan (mendatangkan musim kemarau) bertahun-tahun.” (Al-A'raf:130) Yakni paceklik yang berkepanjangan, dan kelaparan karena sedikitnya tanaman yang tumbuh. “Dan kekurangan buah-buahan.” (Al-A'raf: 130) Mujahid mengatakan bahwa keparahan ini masih di bawah keparahan yang pertama. Abi Ishaq mengatakan dari Raja ibnu Haiwah bahwa masa-masa itu pohon kurma hanya membuahkan sebiji buahnya. “Agar mereka mengambil pelajaran.” (Al-A'raf: 130) Ayat 131 “Maka apabila kebaikan (kemakmuran) datang kepada mereka.” (Al-A'raf: 131) Yaitu berupa kesuburan dan rezeki yang banyak. “Mereka berkata, ‘Ini adalah karena (usaha) kami’." (Al-A'raf: 131) Artinya, semua hasil ini karena usaha dan jerih payah kami. “Dan jika mereka ditimpa kesusahan. (Al-A'raf: 131) Yakni kekeringan dan paceklik. “Mereka lemparkan sebab kesialan itu kepada Musa dan pengikutnya.” (Al-A'raf: 131) Maksudnya, semua ini terjadi disebabkan ulah Musa dan para pengikutnya serta apa yang dibawa oleh mereka. “Ketahuilah, sesungguhnya nasib mereka di tangan Allah.” (Al-A'raf: 131) Ali ibnu Abu Talhah telah meriwayatkan dari Ibnu Abbas sehubungan dengan makna firman-Nya: “Ketahuilah, sesungguhnya nasib mereka di tangan Allah.” (Al-A'raf: 131) Yakni musibah yang menimpa mereka itu berdasarkan ketetapan dari Allah. “Namun kebanyakan mereka tidak mengetahui.” (Al-A'raf: 131) Ibnu Juraij telah meriwayatkan dari Ibnu Abbas sehubungan dengan makna firman-Nya: “ Ketahuilah, sesungguhnya nasib mereka di tangan Allah.” (Al-A'raf: 131) Yakni datangnya dari Allah ﷻ.

MUSA DAN FIR'AUN “Dan, berkata pemuka-pemuka dari kaum Fir'aun itu, ‘Apakah akan engkau biarkan Musa dan kaumnya membuat kerusakan di bumi dan dia tinggalkan engkau dan tuhan-tuhan engkau?" (pangkal ayat 127) Artinya, akan engkau biarkan sajakah Musa dan kaumnya itu leluasa sehingga kian lama kian menjalar pengaruh ajarannya kepada rakyat yang kelak mengakibatkan mereka tidak tunduk lagi kepada engkau sehingga kekuasaan yang ada pada engkau kian lama kian habis dan berpindah tangan kepada Musa? Kalau demikian tentang kerusakan dan ke-kacauanlah yang akan timbul dalam bumi negeri Mesir ini. Orang tidak lagi akan memedulikan engkau dan tuhan-tuhan atau dewa-dewa yang engkau puja tidak lagi akan dimuliakan orang. Sebagaimana diketahui dalam sejarah, orang Mesir kuno itu memuja berbagai macam tuhan dan dewa. Puncak tertinggi dari seluruh dewa itu ialah dewa matahari yang mereka namai Ra. Menurut kepercayaan mereka, Fir'aun sendiri adalah keturunan dari dewa matahari yang dikirim untuk memerintah bumi. Dan, pusat bumi itu ialah Mesir. Serupa kepercayaan mereka dengan kepercayaan orang Jepang terhadap matahari yang mereka namai Ameterasu Omikami dan mengutus putranya Tenno turun ke bumi untuk membangun kepulauan Jepang. Maka, orang-orang besar kerajaan Fir'aun memberi ingat kepada Fir'aun, kalau tidak lekas bertindak, suatu kerusakan besar akan terjadi di Mesir, dia sebagai raja tidak lagi akan dipuja orang. “Dia berkata, ‘Akan kita bunuh anak-anak laki-laki mereka dan kita biarkan hidup perempuan-perempuan mereka karena sesungguhnya kita atas mereka adalah sangat berkuasa." (ujung ayat 127) Demikianlah jawaban Fir'aun yang diujud-kan sebagai perintah terhadap usul meminta perhatian yang dikemukakan oleh beberapa orang-orang besarnya itu. Yaitu, akan dilakukan permusnahan yang berlarut-larut kepada Bani Israil itu dengan cara membunuh anak laki -lakinya dan membiarkan hidup perempuan-perempuan. Dengan demikian, tentu mereka tidak akan mendapat keturunan lagi dan ditimpa oleh krisis masyarakat yang paling hebat karena banyaknya orang perempuan padahal hidup mereka melarat pula. Di dalam kitab Keluaran (Perjanjian Lama) disebutkan bahwa bidan-bidan penyambut perempuan melahirkan anak sudah diperintahkan, ka-lau mereka menolong perempuan Bani Israil, kebetulan anaknya laki-laki, bunuh saja dengan secara halus dan secara diam-diam. Akan tetapi, bidan-bidan itu tidak pula semuanya setia menjalankan perintah itu. Niscaya sampailah kepada Bani Israil keputusan kejam dari Fir'aun ini sehingga timbullah cemas dan takut yang amat sangat. “Berkata Musa kepada kaumnya, ‘Bermohon pertolonganlah kepada Allah dan bersabarlah. Sesungguhnya bumi ini adalah kepunyaan Allah. Dia wariskan kepada siapa yang Dia kehendaki daripada hamba-hamba-Nya. “ (pangkal ayat 128) Inilah nasihat Musa kepada kaumnya yang telah cemas itu. Mereka mesti memperkuat benteng iman kepada Allah, memperteguh kepercayaan, sabar dan tenang, jangan lekas cemas mendengar berita seperti demikian. Karena meskipun Fir'aun telah mengatakan bahwa sangat berkuasa melakukan apa yang dia ingini terhadap Bani Israil, tetapi yang mempunyai bumi ini yang sebenarnya bukanlah Fir'aun, tetapi Allah. Di atas kekuasaan Fir'aun ada kekuasaan Allah. Sebab itu, hendaklah kamu sekalian membulatkan ketun-dukan kepada Allah itu sendiri. Dan, beliau katakan pula, “ “Dan akibat kebaikan terakhir adalah bagi orang-orang yang bertakwa." (ujung ayat 128) Bumi akan diwariskan Allah kepada barangsiapa yang Dia kehendaki. Inilah keyakinan pertama yang wajib ditanamkan. Keyakinan kedua ialah bahwa akibat atau kemenangan terakhir akan diberikan Allah kepada orang yang bertakwa. Yaitu takwa dengan arti seluas-luas. Sebab, takwa itulah yang akan membuat jiwa menjadi lebih kebal menghadapi segala kesulitan. Yaitu takwa dengan menjaga segala sunnah dan peraturan Allah, termasuk kehati-hatian, ketenangan, jangan lekas putus asa dan jangan lekas cemas, dan tunduk kepada pimpinan, jangan bertindak sendiri-sendiri. Berpegang teguh pada kebenaran, mencintai keadilan, sabar menderita, terutama di saat-saat yang sulit. Apabila takwa ini telah dijadikan pakaian jiwa, mudah-mudahan kelak akan diterima waris bumi itu dari Allah. Sungguhpun begitu, Bani Israil yang telah lama menderita itu masih saja mengeluh. “Mereka benkata, Telah disakiti kami sebelum engkau datang kepada kami dan sesudah engkau mendatangi kami." (pangkal ayat 129) Dahulu sebelum engaku datang, bukan main banyaknya penderitaan yang mereka timpakan kepada kami, diinjak-injak, ditindas, dan diperbudak. Namun, waktu itu semuanya kami tahankan dengan sabar, sebab kami percaya akan datang seorang pemimpin membebaskan kami dari kehinaan ini. Sekarang engkau telah datang, tetapi penderitaan itu tidak juga berkurang malahan sudah keluar perintah baru akan membunuhi anak-anak laki-laki kami. Keluhan ini rupanya sudah sampai di puncak dan sudah mendekati kepada putus asa. Keluhan itu dijawab tegas oleh Musa, “Dia berkata, ‘Mudah-mudahan Tuhan kamu akan membinasakan musuh kamu dan akan menjadikan kamu khalifah di bumi. Akan tetapi Dia akan melihat bagaimana kamu bekerja.'" (ujung ayat 129) Perkataan Musa yang seperti ini adalah satu pimpinan yang tegas, suatu bimbingan yang menumbuhkan pengharapan. Bahwa bagaimana pun besarnya kekuasaan Fir'aun itu sekarang, satu waktu dia pasti tumbang. Satu waktu mudah saja bagi Allah meruntuhkan kekuasaan itu dan di atas runtuhannya Dia menaikkan kamu jadi khalifah, yaitu pengganti kekuasaan itu. Sebab, Maha Kekuasaan ialah kekuasaan Allah. Adapun kekuasaan Fir'aun tidak ada artinya. Dia hanya sejemput kecil kekuasaan yang dipinjamkan Allah kepadanya sementara. Meskipun begini nasibmu sekarang, mudah saja bagi Allah menaikkan kamu dan menjatuhkan mereka. Akan tetapi, untuk menampung perubahan itu, kamu sendiri yang terlebih dahulu mempersiapkan jiwamu dengan alat-alat yang dikatakan tadi, yaitu bermohon kepada Allah disertai dengan sabar dan dipatrikan dengan takwa. Terutama jiwa rendah, merasa diri kecil dan putus asa itu; itulah yang wajib kamu kikis terlebih dahulu. Maka, segala usahamu membentuk jiwamu itu akan dilihat oleh Allah. Sebagaimana ungkapan kita zaman sekarang, Fir'aun sendiri tidak akan bersedia memberikan kemerdekaan kepada kamu. Dan, Allah pun tidak pula akan mengantarkan perbaikan nasib kepada kamu dengan “talam emas". Kamu sendiri yang terlebih dahulu harus bersedia menumpahkan usaha, ikhtiar, darah, dan air mata untuk itu. Inilah pokok nasihat dari Musa untuk menghilangkan keluhan dan putus asa kaumnya. Dan, mulailah mereka jalankan dengan segenap upaya. “Dan, sesungguhnya telah Kami limpakan kepada keluanga Fir'aun itu kekeringan dan kekurangan hasil buah-buahan, supaya maulah mereka ingat." (ayat 130) Fir'aun ketika menjatuhkan perintah membunuhi anak laki-laki Bani Israil dan membiarkan anak perempuan-perempuan mereka tinggal hidup tadi, mengatakan bahwa kita mempunyai kekuasaan yang penuh berbuat apa yang kita rasai patut. Kita berkuasa. Namun, bertemulah mereka dengan dua bahaya yang mereka tidak mempunyai kekuasaan sedikit juga buat mengatasinya, yaitu kekeringan atau kemarau panjang. Hujan tidak turun pada waktunya, Sungai Nil tidak besar buih airnya sebagaimana yang diharapkan pada tiap-tiap tahun. Lantaran itu tanah menjadi kering dan hasil buah-buahan atau pertahunan menjadi rusak. Bila tiba saat yang demikian, patutlah mereka insaf bahwa ada lagi kekuasaan yang, lebih tinggi, yaitu kekuasaan mutlak Allah. Kalau Fir'aun mengatakan dirinya anak matahari, anak Dewa Ra, cobalah pakai kekuasaan itu, minta kepada bapaknya, sang Matahari, untuk menurunkan hujan. Meskipun diminta, matahari akan tetap membisu. Akan tetapi, bila tiba cobaan-cobaan semacam itu, mereka tidak juga mau insaf. Di ayat selanjutnya diterangkan lagi sikap angkuh mereka: “Maka, apabila datang kepada mereka suatu kebaikan, mereka berkata, Untuk kitalah ini!'" (pangkal ayat 131) Bila kemarau telah habis, hujan pun turun dengan teratur, Sungai Nil membawa buih bunga tanah dari hulu sehingga tanam-tanaman berbuah dan berhasil baik, mereka bergembira dan berkata bahwa semuanya ini adalah buat kita! Namun, mereka tidak mau mengingat sampai jauh, dari mana datangnya kebaikan itu. Mereka hanya mengingat satu perkara, yaitu hasil yang baik itu ialah buat mereka, sebab mereka berkuasa atas seluruh bumi Mesir dan negeri-negeri sekelilingnya. “Dan, jika menimpa kepada mereka suatu kesukaran, mereka pun mempersialkan Musa dan orang-orang yang serta dengan dia." Kalau ada jalan yang buntu, Musa dan Bani Israillah yang salah. Kalau buah-buahan tidak menjadi, Musa dan Bani Israillah yang pangkal sial. Maka, segala apa saja kesukaran, sekali-kali mereka tidak menyelidiki kekurangan yang ada pada pemerintahan mereka, sebab sudah ada buat menumpukkan segala kesalahan, yaitu Musa dan segala orang yang telah beriman kepadanya. Ditanamkanlah pada seluruh negeri, pada seluruh rakyat bahwa pangkal dari segala kesialan ialah Musa dan orang-orang yang percaya kepada Musa. “Ketahuilah! Tidak lain kesialan mereka itu hanyalah dari sisi Allah." Bukan dari kesalahan Musa. Bukan karena Musa tidak mau tunduk kepada kekuasaan Fir'aun, melainkan Fir'aun sendirilah yang tidak mau tunduk kepada kekuasaan Allah. Sebab itu, kesialan bukan datang dari Musa, melainkan ditimpakan oleh Allah kepada mereka. “Namun, kebanyakan mereka tidak mau tahu." (ujung ayat 131) Mereka tidak tahu atau tidak mau tahu segala kesukaran itu tidak ada sangkut-pautnya dengan Musa, seorang manusia yang tidak mempunyai daya apa-apa. Mereka tidak tahu atau tidak mau tahu bahwa segala yang kejadian, baik kesuburan bumi atau kemarau adalah termasuk hukum-hukum alam yang telah ditadbirkan dan diatur oleh Allah. Seharusnya, kalau mereka mau selamat dan tenteram, mereka kembalikanlah kepercayaan mereka kepada Allah sehingga Allah memberi hidayah dan petunjuk di dalam menghadapi berbagai kesulitan serta diberi ketenangan ketika diberi kebaikan. “Dan, mereka berkata, ‘Apa jua pun ketenangan yang engkau bawakan kepada kami, untuk menyihir kami dengan dia, tetapi kami tidaklah percaya kepada engkau.'" (ayat 132) Apa saja keterangan walaupun keterangan itu benar, mereka sudah memutuskan tidak mau percaya. Sebab, bagi mereka bukanlah kebenaran yang penting melainkan kekuasaan. Mereka berkuasa, mau apa? Kalau diberikan keterangan yang jelas, mereka katakan bahwa keterangan itu adalah sihir saja. Tongkat jadi ular, sihir! Tangan bercahaya putih adalah sihir. Allah tidak berkuasa. Yang berkuasa hanya kami, Fir'aun dan orang-orang besarnya. Dan, engkau wahai Musa adalah perusak, penghasut Bani Israil yang selama ini adalah rakyat kami yang patuh mengikut segala perintah kami, memikul yang berat-berat, menjemput yang jauh-jauh. Pendek kata, kami tidak percaya kepada engkau. Engkau adalah pangkal dari segala kesialan dalam negeri ini!

Join over 4 million Quran learners from more than 180 countries

You have viewed more than 5 of ayahs today.

You Have Accessed Learn Quran Tafsir For Free