Yunus: 87

Ayah

Word by Word

وَأَوۡحَيۡنَآ

And We inspired

إِلَىٰ

مُوسَىٰ

Musa

وَأَخِيهِ

and his brother

أَن

that

تَبَوَّءَا

Settle

لِقَوۡمِكُمَا

your people

بِمِصۡرَ

in Egypt

بُيُوتٗا

(in) houses

وَٱجۡعَلُواْ

and make

بُيُوتَكُمۡ

your houses

قِبۡلَةٗ

(as) places of worship

وَأَقِيمُواْ

and establish

ٱلصَّلَوٰةَۗ

the prayer

وَبَشِّرِ

And give glad tidings

ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ

(to) the believers

Translation

We inspired Moses and his brother with this Message: "Provide dwellings for your people in Egypt, make your dwellings into places of worship, and establish regular prayers: and give glad tidings to those who believe!"

Tafsir

"They were commanded to pray inside Their Homes

Allah tells;

وَأَوۡحَيۡنَا إِلَى مُوسَى وَأَخِيهِ أَن تَبَوَّءَا لِقَوۡمِكُمَا بِمِصۡرَ بُيُوتًا وَاجۡعَلُواۡ بُيُوتَكُمۡ قِبۡلَةً وَأَقِيمُواۡ الصَّلَةَ وَبَشِّرِ الۡمُوۡمِنِينَ

And We revealed to Musa and his brother (saying):""Provide dwellings for your people in Egypt, and make your dwellings as places for your worship, and perform the Salah, and give glad tidings to the believers.""

Allah tells us why He saved the Children of Israel from Fir`awn and his people. He tells us how he saved them. Allah commanded Musa and his brother Harun to take houses for their people in Egypt,

وَاجۡعَلُواۡ بُيُوتَكُمۡ قِبۡلَةً

(and make your dwellings as places for your worship).

Al-Awfi reported that Ibn Abbas said, while interpreting this Ayah:

""The Children of Israel said to Musa, `We cannot offer our prayers in public in front of Fir`awn's people.' So Allah permitted them to pray in their houses. They were commanded to build their houses in the direction of the Qiblah.""

Mujahid commented,

وَاجۡعَلُواۡ بُيُوتَكُمۡ قِبۡلَةً

(and make your dwellings as places for your worship),

""When Banu Israel feared that Fir`awn might kill them in their gatherings at their temples, they were commanded to take their houses as places of worship. The houses should be facing the Qiblah and the prayer could be in secret.""

This was stated by Qatadah and Ad-Dahhak as well

Musa supplicated against Fir`awn and His Chiefs

Allah mentioned what Musa said when he prayed against Fir`awn and his chiefs after they refused to accept the truth. They continued to go astray and be haughty and arrogant.

وَقَالَ مُوسَى رَبَّنَا إِنَّكَ اتَيۡتَ فِرۡعَوۡنَ وَمَلهُ زِينَةً

And Musa said:""Our Lord! You have indeed bestowed on Fir`awn and his chiefs splendor (and pleasure of this worldly life).

وَأَمۡوَالاً

and wealth, (plentiful and abundant).

Allah's statement,

فِي الۡحَيَاةِ الدُّنۡيَا رَبَّنَا لِيُضِلُّواۡ عَن سَبِيلِكَ

in the life of this world, Our Lord! That they may lead men astray from Your path.

was read with the word ""Liyadillu"" and ""Liyudillu.""

The first is with a Fathah over the Ya, meaning that;

""You have given them that while You know they would not believe in what You have sent me with to them. You did that so they would gradually be drawn away from the truth.""

As Allah said:

لِنَفۡتِنَهُمۡ فِيهِ

that We may test them thereby. (20:131) and (72:17)

Others read the word with a Dammah over the Ya. (i.e. Liyudillu) This makes the Ayah mean:

""You have given them that so whoever You willed from among Your creatures will be tried. Those whom You wish to misguide would think that You have given them that because You loved them and You cared about them.""

رَبَّنَا اطۡمِسۡ عَلَى أَمۡوَالِهِمۡ

""Our Lord! Destroy their wealth,""

Ibn Abbas and Mujahid said:

""They asked Allah to destroy their wealth.""

Ad-Dahhak, Abu Al-Aliyah and Ar-Rabi`a bin Anas said:

""Allah made their wealth into engraved stones as it was before.""

About Allah's statement,

وَاشۡدُدۡ عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمۡ

and harden their hearts.

Ibn Abbas said,

""Harden their hearts means put a seal on them.""

فَلَ يُوۡمِنُواۡ حَتَّى يَرَوُاۡ الۡعَذَابَ الَالِيمَ

so that they will not believe until they see the painful torment.

This prayer was from Musa because he was angry for the sake of Allah and His religion. He prayed against Fir`awn and his chiefs when he was certain that there was no good in them.

Similarly, Nuh prayed and said:

وَقَالَ نُوحٌ رَّبِّ لَا تَذَرۡ عَلَى الاٌّرۡضِ مِنَ الۡكَـفِرِينَ دَيَّاراً

إِنَّكَ إِن تَذَرۡهُمۡ يُضِلُّواۡ عِبَادَكَ وَلَا يَلِدُواۡ إِلاَّ فَاجِراً كَفَّاراً

My Lord! Leave not one of the disbelievers on the earth! If You leave them, they will mislead Your servants, and they will beget none but wicked disbelievers. (71:26-27)

Harun said ""Amin"" to his brother's prayer.

And Allah answered Musa's prayer

قَالَ قَدۡ أُجِيبَت دَّعۡوَتُكُمَا

فَاسۡتَقِيمَا

Allah said:""Verily, the invocation of you both is accepted.

`in destroying Fir`awn's people.

قَدۡ أُجِيبَت دَّعۡوَتُكُمَا

فَاسۡتَقِيمَا

Allah said:""Verily, the invocation of you both is accepted. So you both keep to the straight way,

As I have answered your prayer, you should remain steadfast on My command.'

Ibn Jurayj narrated that Ibn Abbas said about this Ayah:

""Be steadfast and follow My command.""

فَاسۡتَقِيمَا وَلَا تَتَّبِعَأنِّ سَبِيلَ الَّذِينَ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ

and follow not the path of those who know not."

Yunus: 87

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