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Ayah
Word by Word
ٱلتَّٰٓئِبُونَ
Those who turn in repentance
ٱلۡعَٰبِدُونَ
those who worship
ٱلۡحَٰمِدُونَ
those who praise
ٱلسَّٰٓئِحُونَ
those who go out
ٱلرَّـٰكِعُونَ
those who bow down
ٱلسَّـٰجِدُونَ
those who prostrate
ٱلۡأٓمِرُونَ
those who enjoin
بِٱلۡمَعۡرُوفِ
the right
وَٱلنَّاهُونَ
and those who forbid
عَنِ
[on]
ٱلۡمُنكَرِ
the wrong
وَٱلۡحَٰفِظُونَ
and those who observe
لِحُدُودِ
(the) limits
ٱللَّهِۗ
(of) Allah
وَبَشِّرِ
And give glad tidings
ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ
(to) the believers
ٱلتَّٰٓئِبُونَ
Those who turn in repentance
ٱلۡعَٰبِدُونَ
those who worship
ٱلۡحَٰمِدُونَ
those who praise
ٱلسَّٰٓئِحُونَ
those who go out
ٱلرَّـٰكِعُونَ
those who bow down
ٱلسَّـٰجِدُونَ
those who prostrate
ٱلۡأٓمِرُونَ
those who enjoin
بِٱلۡمَعۡرُوفِ
the right
وَٱلنَّاهُونَ
and those who forbid
عَنِ
[on]
ٱلۡمُنكَرِ
the wrong
وَٱلۡحَٰفِظُونَ
and those who observe
لِحُدُودِ
(the) limits
ٱللَّهِۗ
(of) Allah
وَبَشِّرِ
And give glad tidings
ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ
(to) the believers
Translation
[Such believers are] the repentant, the worshippers, the praisers [of Allāh], the travelers [for His cause], those who bow and prostrate [in prayer], those who enjoin what is right and forbid what is wrong, and those who observe the limits [set by] Allāh. And give good tidings to the believers.
Tafsir
Those who repent (al-taa'iboona is in the nominative as a laudative, the subject being implicit), from idolatry and hypocrisy, those who worship, who devote their worship sincerely to God, those who give praise, to Him in every state, those who fast, those who bow, those who prostrate themselves, that is, those who perform prayers, those who enjoin decency and forbid to indecency, those who maintain God's bounds, His rulings, by implementing them, and give good tidings to the believers, of the Paradise.
"Allah has purchased the Souls and Wealth of the Mujahidin in Return for Paradise
Allah says,
إِنَّ اللّهَ اشْتَرَى مِنَ الْمُوْمِنِينَ أَنفُسَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُم بِأَنَّ لَهُمُ الجَنَّةَ
Verily, Allah has purchased of the believers their lives and their properties for (the price) that theirs shall be the Paradise.
Allah states that He has compensated His believing servants for their lives and wealth -- if they give them up in His cause -- with Paradise. This demonstrates Allah's favor, generosity and bounty, for He has accepted the good that He already owns and bestowed, as a price from His faithful servants.
Al-Hasan Al-Basri and Qatadah commented,
""By Allah! Allah has purchased them and raised their worth.""
Shimr bin Atiyyah said,
""There is not a Muslim but has on his neck a sale that he must conduct with Allah; he either fulfills its terms or dies without doing that.""
He then recited this Ayah.
This is why those who fight in the cause of Allah are said to have conducted the sale with Allah, meaning, accepted and fulfilled his covenant.
Allah's statement,
يُقَاتِلُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللّهِ فَيَقْتُلُونَ وَيُقْتَلُونَ
They fight in Allah's cause, so they kill and are killed.
indicates that whether they were killed or they kill the enemy, or both, then Paradise will be theirs.
The Two Sahihs recorded the Hadith,
وَتَكَفَّلَ اللهُ لِمَنْ خَرَجَ فِي سَبِيلِهِ لَا يُخْرِجُهُ إِلاَّ جِهَادٌ فِي سَبِيلِي وَتَصْدِيقٌ بِرُسُلِي بِأَنْ تَوَفَّاهُ أَنْ يُدْخِلَهُ الْجَنَّةَ أَوْ يَرْجِعَهُ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ الَّذِي خَرَجَ مِنْهُ نَايِلً مَا نَالَ مِنْ أَجْرٍ أَوْ غَنِيمَة
Allah has made a promise to the person who goes out (to fight) in His cause; `And nothing compels him to do so except Jihad in My Cause and belief in My Messengers.'
He will either be admitted to Paradise if he dies, or compensated by Allah, either with a reward or booty if He returns him to the home which he departed from.
Allah's statement,
.
وَعْدًا عَلَيْهِ حَقًّا فِي التَّوْرَاةِ وَالاِنجِيلِ وَالْقُرْانِ
It is a promise in truth which is binding on Him in the Tawrah and the Injil and the Qur'an.
affirms this promise and informs us that Allah has decreed this for His Most Honorable Self, and revealed it to His Messengers in His Glorious Books, the Tawrah that He sent down to Musa, the Injil that He sent down to Isa, and the Qur'an that was sent down to Muhammad, may Allah's peace and blessings be on them all.
Allah said next,
وَمَنْ أَوْفَى بِعَهْدِهِ مِنَ اللّهِ
And who is truer to his covenant than Allah,
affirming that He never breaks a promise.
Allah said in similar statements,
وَمَنْ أَصْدَقُ مِنَ اللَّهِ حَدِيثاً
And who is truer in statement than Allah, (4:87)
and,
وَمَنْ أَصْدَقُ مِنَ اللَّهِ قِيلً
And whose words can be truer than those of Allah. (4:122)
Allah said next,
فَاسْتَبْشِرُواْ بِبَيْعِكُمُ الَّذِي بَايَعْتُم بِهِ وَذَلِكَ هُوَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ
Then rejoice in the bargain which you have concluded. That is the supreme success.
meaning, let those who fulfill the terms of this contract and uphold this covenant receive the good news of great success and everlasting delight
This is the description of the believers from whom Allah has purchased their souls and wealth, who have these beautiful and honorable qualities,
التَّايِبُونَ
who repent,
from all sins and shun all evils,
الْعَابِدُونَ
who worship,
their Lord and preserve the acts of worship that include statements and actions. Praising Allah is among the best statements.
This is why Allah said next,
الْحَامِدُونَ
who praise (Him),
Fasting is among the best actions, involving abstaining from the delights of food, drink and sexual intercourse, this is the meaning hereby,
السَّايِحُونَ
As-Sa'ihun (who fast),
Allah also described the Prophet's wives that they are,
سَـيِحَـتٍ
(Sa'ihat) (66:5),
meaning, they fast.
As for prostrating and bowing down, they are acts of the prayer,
الرَّاكِعُونَ السَّاجِدونَ
who bow down, who prostrate themselves,
الامِرُونَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَالنَّاهُونَ عَنِ الْمُنكَرِ وَالْحَافِظُونَ لِحُدُودِ اللّهِ
who enjoin good and forbid evil, and who observe the limits set by Allah.
These believers also benefit Allah's creation and direct them to His obedience by ordaining righteousness and forbidding evil. They have knowledge about what should be performed and what should be shunned.
This includes abiding by Allah's limits in knowledge and action, meaning, what He allowed and what He prohibited. Therefore, they worship the True Lord and advise creation.
This is why Allah said next,
وَبَشِّرِ الْمُوْمِنِينَ
And give glad tidings to the believers.
since faith includes all of this, and the supreme success is for those who have faith."
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