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Ayah
Word by Word
وَيَحۡلِفُونَ
And they swear
بِٱللَّهِ
by Allah
إِنَّهُمۡ
indeed they
لَمِنكُمۡ
surely (are) of you
وَمَا
while not
هُم
they
مِّنكُمۡ
(are) of you
وَلَٰكِنَّهُمۡ
but they
قَوۡمٞ
(are) a people
يَفۡرَقُونَ
(who) are afraid
وَيَحۡلِفُونَ
And they swear
بِٱللَّهِ
by Allah
إِنَّهُمۡ
indeed they
لَمِنكُمۡ
surely (are) of you
وَمَا
while not
هُم
they
مِّنكُمۡ
(are) of you
وَلَٰكِنَّهُمۡ
but they
قَوۡمٞ
(are) a people
يَفۡرَقُونَ
(who) are afraid
Translation
They swear by Allah that they are indeed of you; but they are not of you: yet they are afraid (to appear in their true colours).
Tafsir
And they swear by God that they truly are of you, that is, [that they are] believers; but they are not of you; they are a folk who are afraid, that you should deal with them as you have done with the idolaters, and so they swear merely in pretence, in order to protect themselves.
Exposing Hypocrites' Fright and Fear
Allah describes to His Prophet the fright, fear, anxiety and nervousness of the hypocrites,
وَيَحۡلِفُونَ بِاللّهِ إِنَّهُمۡ لَمِنكُمۡ
They swear by Allah that they are truly of you,
swearing a sure oath,
وَمَا هُم مِّنكُمۡ
while they are not of you,
in reality,
وَلَـكِنَّهُمۡ قَوۡمٌ يَفۡرَقُونَ
but they are a people who are afraid,
and this is what made them swear
لَوۡ يَجِدُونَ مَلۡجَأً
Should they find a refuge,
such as a fort in which they hide and fortify themselves,
أَوۡ مَغَارَاتٍ
or caves, (in some mountains),
أَوۡ مُدَّخَلً
or a place of concealment,
According to the explanation given by Ibn Abbas, Mujahid and Qatadah,
a tunnel or a hole in the ground,
لَّوَلَّوۡاۡ إِلَيۡهِ وَهُمۡ يَجۡمَحُونَ
they would turn straightway thereto with a swift rush.
away from you because they associate with you unwillingly, not because they are fond of you. They prefer that they do not have to mix with you, but necessity has its rules! It is because of this that they feel grief, sadness and sorrow, seeing Islam and its people enjoying ever more might, triumph and glory. Therefore, whatever pleases Muslims brings them grief, and this is why they prefer to disassociate themselves from the believers. Hence Allah's statement,
لَوۡ يَجِدُونَ مَلۡجَأً أَوۡ مَغَارَاتٍ
أَوۡ مُدَّخَلً
لَّوَلَّوۡاۡ إِلَيۡهِ وَهُمۡ يَجۡمَحُونَ
Should they find a refuge, or caves, or a place of concealment, they would turn straightway thereto with a swift rush
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