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Ayah

Word by Word
وَٱعۡلَمُوٓاْ
And know
أَنَّمَا
that what
غَنِمۡتُم
you obtain (as) spoils of war
مِّن
of
شَيۡءٖ
anything
فَأَنَّ
then that
لِلَّهِ
for Allah
خُمُسَهُۥ
(is) one fifth of it
وَلِلرَّسُولِ
and for the Messenger
وَلِذِي
and for the
ٱلۡقُرۡبَىٰ
near relatives
وَٱلۡيَتَٰمَىٰ
and the orphans
وَٱلۡمَسَٰكِينِ
and the needy
وَٱبۡنِ
and the
ٱلسَّبِيلِ
wayfarer
إِن
if
كُنتُمۡ
you
ءَامَنتُم
believe
بِٱللَّهِ
in Allah
وَمَآ
and (in) what
أَنزَلۡنَا
We sent down
عَلَىٰ
to
عَبۡدِنَا
Our slave
يَوۡمَ
(on the) day
ٱلۡفُرۡقَانِ
(of) the criterion
يَوۡمَ
(the) day
ٱلۡتَقَى
(when) met
ٱلۡجَمۡعَانِۗ
the two forces
وَٱللَّهُ
And Allah
عَلَىٰ
(is) on
كُلِّ
every
شَيۡءٖ
thing
قَدِيرٌ
All-Powerful
وَٱعۡلَمُوٓاْ
And know
أَنَّمَا
that what
غَنِمۡتُم
you obtain (as) spoils of war
مِّن
of
شَيۡءٖ
anything
فَأَنَّ
then that
لِلَّهِ
for Allah
خُمُسَهُۥ
(is) one fifth of it
وَلِلرَّسُولِ
and for the Messenger
وَلِذِي
and for the
ٱلۡقُرۡبَىٰ
near relatives
وَٱلۡيَتَٰمَىٰ
and the orphans
وَٱلۡمَسَٰكِينِ
and the needy
وَٱبۡنِ
and the
ٱلسَّبِيلِ
wayfarer
إِن
if
كُنتُمۡ
you
ءَامَنتُم
believe
بِٱللَّهِ
in Allah
وَمَآ
and (in) what
أَنزَلۡنَا
We sent down
عَلَىٰ
to
عَبۡدِنَا
Our slave
يَوۡمَ
(on the) day
ٱلۡفُرۡقَانِ
(of) the criterion
يَوۡمَ
(the) day
ٱلۡتَقَى
(when) met
ٱلۡجَمۡعَانِۗ
the two forces
وَٱللَّهُ
And Allah
عَلَىٰ
(is) on
كُلِّ
every
شَيۡءٖ
thing
قَدِيرٌ
All-Powerful

Translation

And know that anything you obtain of war booty - then indeed, for Allāh is one fifth of it and for the Messenger1 and for [his] near relatives2 and the orphans, the needy, and the [stranded] traveler,3 if you have believed in Allāh and in that which We sent down to Our Servant4 on the day of criterion [i.e., decisive encounter] - the day when the two armies met [at Badr]. And Allāh, over all things, is competent.
Footnotes
1 To be spent in Allāh's cause.
2 The tribes of Banū Hāshim and Banū Muṭṭalib, who were not eligible for zakāh.
3 The remaining four fifths are divided among the soldiers.
4 Prophet Muḥammad (ﷺ).

Tafsir

And know that whatever spoils you have taken, [you have] seized from the disbelievers by force, the fifth of it is for God, to have it dispensed as He will, and for the Messenger and for the kinsmen, the kinsmen of the Prophet may peace and salutation be upon him from among the Banoo Haashim and the Banoo ['Abd] al-Muttalib, and the orphans, children of Muslims, those whose fathers have passed away and are in poverty, and the needy, those Muslims in [dire] need, and the traveller, those Muslims cut off during travel - in other words it [the fifth] is due to the Prophet may peace and salutation be upon him and [those of] these four categories in the way that he used to apportion it: a fifth of the fifth for each one and the remaining four fifths for those who had captured the spoils, if you believe in God, then be aware of that, and that which (wa-maa is a supplement to bi'Llaahi, 'in God') We sent down upon Our servant, Muhammad may peace and salutation be upon him, in the way of angels and signs, on the Day of Discrimination, that is, the day of [the battle of] Badr, which discriminated between truth and falsehood, the day the two armies, the Muslims and the believers, met. And God has power over all things, including giving you victory despite your being few and their being greater in number.

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