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Ayah
Word by Word
أَلَمۡ
Have not
نَجۡعَلِ
We made
ٱلۡأَرۡضَ
the earth
كِفَاتًا
a receptacle
أَلَمۡ
Have not
نَجۡعَلِ
We made
ٱلۡأَرۡضَ
the earth
كِفَاتًا
a receptacle
Translation
Have We not made the earth (as a place) to draw together.
Tafsir
Have We not made the earth a receptacle (kifaatan is a verbal noun, from kafata, meaning damma, 'enclosed'), that is, an enclosure,
The Call to contemplate the various Manifestations of Allah's Power
Allah says,
أَلَمۡ نُهۡلِكِ الاَۡوَّلِينَ
Did We not destroy the ancients?
meaning, those who rejected the Messengers and opposed what they came to them with.
ثُمَّ نُتۡبِعُهُمُ الاۡخِرِينَ
So shall We make later generations to follow them.
meaning, from those who are similar to them.
Thus, Allah says,
كَذَلِكَ نَفۡعَلُ بِالۡمُجۡرِمِينَ
وَيۡلٌ يَوۡمَيِذٍ لِّلۡمُكَذِّبِينَ
Thus do We deal with the criminals.
Woe that Day to the deniers!
Ibn Jarir said this.
Then Allah reminding His creatures of His favor, and using the beginning of creation to support the idea of repeating it,
He says:
أَلَمۡ نَخۡلُقكُّم مِّن مَّاء مَّهِينٍ
Did We not create you from a despised water?
meaning, weak and despised in comparison to the power of the Creator.
This is similar to what has been reported in the Hadith of Busr bin Jahhash (that Allah says),
ابۡنَ ادَمَ أَنۡى تُعۡجِزُنِي وَقَدۡ خَلَقۡتُكَ مِنۡ مِثۡلِ هَذِهِ
(O) Son of Adam!
How can you think that I am unable, and yet I created you from something like this (i.e., semen)
فَجَعَلۡنَاهُ فِي قَرَارٍ مَّكِين
Then We placed it in a place of safety,
meaning, `We gathered him in the womb, where the fluid of the man and the woman settles. The womb has been prepared for this, as a protector of the fluid deposited in it.
Allah said:
إِلَى قَدَرٍ مَّعۡلُومٍ
For a known period.
meaning, for a fixed period of time, which is from six months to nine months.
Thus, Allah says,
فَقَدَرۡنَا فَنِعۡمَ الۡقَادِرُونَ
وَيۡلٌ يَوۡمَيِذٍ لِّلۡمُكَذِّبِينَ
So We did measure; and We are the best to measure.
Woe that Day to the deniers!
Then Allah says,
أَلَمۡ نَجۡعَلِ الاَۡرۡضَ كِفَاتًا
أَحۡيَاء وَأَمۡوَاتًا
Have We not made the earth Kifat for the living and the dead?
Ibn `Abbas said,
Kifat means a place of shelter.
Mujahid said,
It holds the dead so that nothing is seen of it.
Ash-Sha`bi said,
Its interior is for your dead and its surface is for your living.
Mujahid and Qatadah also said this
وَجَعَلۡنَا فِيهَا رَوَاسِيَ شَامِخَاتٍ
And have placed therein fixed towers,
meaning, the mountains. The earth is held in place with them so that it does not shake and sway.
وَأَسۡقَيۡنَاكُم مَّاء فُرَاتًا
and have given you Furat water.
meaning, cold and delicious water from the clouds or from what He causes to gush forth from the springs of the earth.
وَيۡلٌ يوۡمَيِذٍ لِّلۡمُكَذِّبِينَ
Woe that Day to the deniers!
meaning, woe to whoever reflects upon these created things which demonstrate the greatness of their Creator, then after that continues to reject Him and disbelieve in Him.
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