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Ayah

Word by Word
وَلَمَّا
And when
جَآءَ
came
مُوسَىٰ
Musa
لِمِيقَٰتِنَا
to Our appointed place
وَكَلَّمَهُۥ
and spoke to him
رَبُّهُۥ
his Lord
قَالَ
he said
رَبِّ
O my Lord
أَرِنِيٓ
Show me
أَنظُرۡ
(that) I may look
إِلَيۡكَۚ
at You
قَالَ
He said
لَن
Never
تَرَىٰنِي
you (can) see Me
وَلَٰكِنِ
but
ٱنظُرۡ
look
إِلَى
at
ٱلۡجَبَلِ
the mountain
فَإِنِ
[then] if
ٱسۡتَقَرَّ
it remains
مَكَانَهُۥ
in its place
فَسَوۡفَ
then
تَرَىٰنِيۚ
you (will) see Me
فَلَمَّا
But when
تَجَلَّىٰ
revealed (His) Glory
رَبُّهُۥ
his Lord
لِلۡجَبَلِ
to the mountain
جَعَلَهُۥ
He made it
دَكّٗا
crumbled to dust
وَخَرَّ
and fell down
مُوسَىٰ
Musa
صَعِقٗاۚ
unconscious
فَلَمَّآ
And when
أَفَاقَ
he recovered
قَالَ
he said
سُبۡحَٰنَكَ
Glory be to You
تُبۡتُ
I turn (in repentance)
إِلَيۡكَ
to you
وَأَنَا۠
and I am
أَوَّلُ
(the) first
ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ
(of) the believers
وَلَمَّا
And when
جَآءَ
came
مُوسَىٰ
Musa
لِمِيقَٰتِنَا
to Our appointed place
وَكَلَّمَهُۥ
and spoke to him
رَبُّهُۥ
his Lord
قَالَ
he said
رَبِّ
O my Lord
أَرِنِيٓ
Show me
أَنظُرۡ
(that) I may look
إِلَيۡكَۚ
at You
قَالَ
He said
لَن
Never
تَرَىٰنِي
you (can) see Me
وَلَٰكِنِ
but
ٱنظُرۡ
look
إِلَى
at
ٱلۡجَبَلِ
the mountain
فَإِنِ
[then] if
ٱسۡتَقَرَّ
it remains
مَكَانَهُۥ
in its place
فَسَوۡفَ
then
تَرَىٰنِيۚ
you (will) see Me
فَلَمَّا
But when
تَجَلَّىٰ
revealed (His) Glory
رَبُّهُۥ
his Lord
لِلۡجَبَلِ
to the mountain
جَعَلَهُۥ
He made it
دَكّٗا
crumbled to dust
وَخَرَّ
and fell down
مُوسَىٰ
Musa
صَعِقٗاۚ
unconscious
فَلَمَّآ
And when
أَفَاقَ
he recovered
قَالَ
he said
سُبۡحَٰنَكَ
Glory be to You
تُبۡتُ
I turn (in repentance)
إِلَيۡكَ
to you
وَأَنَا۠
and I am
أَوَّلُ
(the) first
ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ
(of) the believers

Translation

And when Moses arrived at Our appointed time and his Lord spoke to him, he said, "My Lord, show me [Yourself] that I may look at You." [Allāh] said, "You will not see Me,1 but look at the mountain; if it should remain in place, then you will see Me." But when his Lord appeared to the mountain, He rendered it level,2 and Moses fell unconscious. And when he awoke, he said, "Exalted are You! I have repented to You, and I am the first [among my people] of the believers."3
Footnotes
1 That no one can see Allāh during the life of this world.
2 It crumbled to dust.

Tafsir

And when Moses came at Our appointed time, that is, the time at which We had promised to speak to him, and his Lord spoke with him, without any intermediary, with speech which he heard from all directions, he said, 'My Lord! Show me, Yourself, that I may behold You!' Said He, 'You shall not see Me, that is to say, you do not have the power to see me, the use of this expression [lan taraanee, 'you shall not see Me'] instead of lan uraa, 'I shall not be seen', implies that it is possible to see God, exalted be He; but behold the mountain, which is stronger than you are, and if it remains, stays fixed, in its place, then you shall see Me', that is, [then] you shall remain fixed [able] to see Me, otherwise, you will not have the capacity [for it]. And when his Lord revealed Himself, that is, [when] He manifested of His Light the equivalent of half a nail of a little finger, as stated in one hadeeth verified by al-Haakim, to the mountain He levelled it to the ground (read dakkan or dakkaa'a, meaning madkookan) and Moses fell down senseless, having lost consciousness at the awesomeness of what he had seen. And when he recovered his senses he said, 'Glory be to You!, in Your transcendence. I repent to You, for having asked You what I was not commanded [to ask], and I am the first of the believers', of my time.

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