Ayah

Word by Word
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا
O you
ٱلَّذِينَ
who
ءَامَنُواْ
believe
لَا
(Do) not
تَتَّخِذُواْ
take
عَدُوِّي
My enemies
وَعَدُوَّكُمۡ
and your enemies
أَوۡلِيَآءَ
(as) allies
تُلۡقُونَ
offering
إِلَيۡهِم
them
بِٱلۡمَوَدَّةِ
love
وَقَدۡ
while
كَفَرُواْ
they have disbelieved
بِمَا
in what
جَآءَكُم
came to you
مِّنَ
of
ٱلۡحَقِّ
the truth
يُخۡرِجُونَ
driving out
ٱلرَّسُولَ
the Messenger
وَإِيَّاكُمۡ
and yourselves
أَن
because
تُؤۡمِنُواْ
you believe
بِٱللَّهِ
in Allah
رَبِّكُمۡ
your Lord
إِن
If
كُنتُمۡ
you
خَرَجۡتُمۡ
come forth
جِهَٰدٗا
(to) strive
فِي
in
سَبِيلِي
My way
وَٱبۡتِغَآءَ
and (to) seek
مَرۡضَاتِيۚ
My Pleasure
تُسِرُّونَ
You confide
إِلَيۡهِم
to them
بِٱلۡمَوَدَّةِ
love
وَأَنَا۠
but I Am
أَعۡلَمُ
most knowing
بِمَآ
of what
أَخۡفَيۡتُمۡ
you conceal
وَمَآ
and what
أَعۡلَنتُمۡۚ
you declare
وَمَن
And whoever
يَفۡعَلۡهُ
does it
مِنكُمۡ
among you
فَقَدۡ
then certainly
ضَلَّ
he has strayed
سَوَآءَ
(from the) straight
ٱلسَّبِيلِ
path
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا
O you
ٱلَّذِينَ
who
ءَامَنُواْ
believe
لَا
(Do) not
تَتَّخِذُواْ
take
عَدُوِّي
My enemies
وَعَدُوَّكُمۡ
and your enemies
أَوۡلِيَآءَ
(as) allies
تُلۡقُونَ
offering
إِلَيۡهِم
them
بِٱلۡمَوَدَّةِ
love
وَقَدۡ
while
كَفَرُواْ
they have disbelieved
بِمَا
in what
جَآءَكُم
came to you
مِّنَ
of
ٱلۡحَقِّ
the truth
يُخۡرِجُونَ
driving out
ٱلرَّسُولَ
the Messenger
وَإِيَّاكُمۡ
and yourselves
أَن
because
تُؤۡمِنُواْ
you believe
بِٱللَّهِ
in Allah
رَبِّكُمۡ
your Lord
إِن
If
كُنتُمۡ
you
خَرَجۡتُمۡ
come forth
جِهَٰدٗا
(to) strive
فِي
in
سَبِيلِي
My way
وَٱبۡتِغَآءَ
and (to) seek
مَرۡضَاتِيۚ
My Pleasure
تُسِرُّونَ
You confide
إِلَيۡهِم
to them
بِٱلۡمَوَدَّةِ
love
وَأَنَا۠
but I Am
أَعۡلَمُ
most knowing
بِمَآ
of what
أَخۡفَيۡتُمۡ
you conceal
وَمَآ
and what
أَعۡلَنتُمۡۚ
you declare
وَمَن
And whoever
يَفۡعَلۡهُ
does it
مِنكُمۡ
among you
فَقَدۡ
then certainly
ضَلَّ
he has strayed
سَوَآءَ
(from the) straight
ٱلسَّبِيلِ
path

Translation

O ye who believe! Take not my enemies and yours as friends (or protectors),- offering them (your) love, even though they have rejected the Truth that has come to you, and have (on the contrary) driven out the Prophet and yourselves (from your homes), (simply) because ye believe in Allah your Lord! If ye have come out to strive in My Way and to seek My Good Pleasure, (take them not as friends), holding secret converse of love (and friendship) with them: for I know full well all that ye conceal and all that ye reveal. And any of you that does this has strayed from the Straight Path.

Tafsir

Al-Mumtahanah (She That Is To Be Examined) Medinese, consisting of 13 verses. O you who believe, do not take My enemy and your enemy, namely, the disbelievers of Mecca, for friends. You offer, you communicate to, them, the Prophet's plan may peace and salutation be upon him to attack them, which he had confided to you, and had kept secret, at Hunayn, [communicating this to them out of], affection, between you and them. Haatib ibn Abee Balta'a sent them a letter to that effect, on account of his having children and close relatives, idolaters, among them. The Prophet may peace and salutation be upon him intercepted it from the person to whom he [Haatib] had given it to deliver, after God apprised him of this. Haatib's excuse for this [conduct of his] was accepted [by the Prophet]; when verily they have disbelieved in the truth that has come to you, that is, [in] the religion of Islam and Al-Qur'an, expelling the Messenger and you, from Mecca, by oppressing you, because you believe in God, your Lord. If you have gone forth to struggle in My way and to seek My pleasure . (the response to the conditional is indicated by what preceded, that is to say, [understand it as being] 'then do not take them as friends'). You secretly harbour affection for them, when I know well what you hide and what you proclaim. And whoever among you does that, that is, to secretly communicate the Prophet's news to them, has verily strayed from the right way, he has missed the path of guidance (originally, al-sawaa' means 'the middle [way]').

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