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Ayah

Word by Word
وَأَقۡسَمُواْ
And they swear
بِٱللَّهِ
by Allah
جَهۡدَ
strongest
أَيۡمَٰنِهِمۡ
(of) their oaths
لَئِن
that if
جَآءَتۡهُمۡ
came to them
ءَايَةٞ
a sign
لَّيُؤۡمِنُنَّ
they would surely believe
بِهَاۚ
in it
قُلۡ
Say
إِنَّمَا
Only
ٱلۡأٓيَٰتُ
the signs
عِندَ
(are) with
ٱللَّهِۖ
Allah
وَمَا
And what
يُشۡعِرُكُمۡ
will make you perceive
أَنَّهَآ
that [it]
إِذَا
when
جَآءَتۡ
it comes
لَا
not
يُؤۡمِنُونَ
they will believe
وَأَقۡسَمُواْ
And they swear
بِٱللَّهِ
by Allah
جَهۡدَ
strongest
أَيۡمَٰنِهِمۡ
(of) their oaths
لَئِن
that if
جَآءَتۡهُمۡ
came to them
ءَايَةٞ
a sign
لَّيُؤۡمِنُنَّ
they would surely believe
بِهَاۚ
in it
قُلۡ
Say
إِنَّمَا
Only
ٱلۡأٓيَٰتُ
the signs
عِندَ
(are) with
ٱللَّهِۖ
Allah
وَمَا
And what
يُشۡعِرُكُمۡ
will make you perceive
أَنَّهَآ
that [it]
إِذَا
when
جَآءَتۡ
it comes
لَا
not
يُؤۡمِنُونَ
they will believe

Translation

They swear their strongest oaths by Allah, that if a (special) sign came to them, by it they would believe. Say: "Certainly (all) signs are in the power of Allah: but what will make you (Muslims) realise that (even) if (special) signs came, they will not believe."?
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Tafsir

They, that is, the disbelievers of Mecca, have sworn by God the most earnest oaths that if there came to them a sign, of what they requested, they will believe in it. Say, to them: 'Signs are only with God', and He sends them down as [and when] He wills; I am but a warner. But what will make you realise?, how would you know if they have believed, if these [signs] did come [to them]? In other words, you would not know this; truly, when they come, they will not believe, because of what I already know (a variant reading [for laa yu'minoona, 'they will not believe'] has laa tu'minoona, 'you will not believe', making the address to the disbelievers; another [variant reading] has annahaa [instead of innahaa, 'that truly'] as meaning la'alla, 'that perhaps', or as governed by the preceding clause [la'in jaa'athum aayatun, 'if there came to them a sign').
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