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Ayah
Word by Word
وَلَوۡ
And if
شَآءَ
(had) willed
ٱللَّهُ
Allah
مَآ
not (they would have)
أَشۡرَكُواْۗ
associated partners (with Him)
وَمَا
And not
جَعَلۡنَٰكَ
We have made you
عَلَيۡهِمۡ
over them
حَفِيظٗاۖ
a guardian
وَمَآ
and not
أَنتَ
you
عَلَيۡهِم
(are) over them
بِوَكِيلٖ
a manager
وَلَوۡ
And if
شَآءَ
(had) willed
ٱللَّهُ
Allah
مَآ
not (they would have)
أَشۡرَكُواْۗ
associated partners (with Him)
وَمَا
And not
جَعَلۡنَٰكَ
We have made you
عَلَيۡهِمۡ
over them
حَفِيظٗاۖ
a guardian
وَمَآ
and not
أَنتَ
you
عَلَيۡهِم
(are) over them
بِوَكِيلٖ
a manager
Translation
If it had been Allah's plan, they would not have taken false gods: but We made thee not one to watch over their doings, nor art thou set over them to dispose of their affairs.
Tafsir
Had God willed, they would not have been idolaters; and We have not set you as a keeper over them, a watcher, so that you might then requite them for their deeds; nor are you a guardian over them, so that you might [be able to] coerce them to faith - this was [revealed] before the command to fight [them].
The Command to Follow the Revelation
Allah commands His Messenger and those who followed his path,
اتَّبِعۡ مَا أُوحِيَ إِلَيۡكَ مِن رَّبِّكَ
Follow what has been inspired to you from your Lord,
meaning, follow it, obey it and act according to it. What has been revealed to you from your Lord is the Truth, no doubt, and there is no deity worthy of worship except Him,
لاا إِلَـهَ إِلااَّ هُوَ
none has the right to be worshipped but He,
وَأَعۡرِضۡ عَنِ الۡمُشۡرِكِينَ
and turn aside from the idolators.
meaning, forgive them, be forbearing and endure their harm until Allah brings relief to you, supports you and makes you triumphant over them. Know -- O Muhammad -- that there is a wisdom behind misleading the idolators, and that had Allah willed, He would have directed all people to guidance
وَلَوۡ شَاء اللّهُ مَا أَشۡرَكُواۡ
Had Allah willed, they would not have taken others besides Him in worship.
Allah's is the perfect will and wisdom in all decrees and decisions, and He is never questioned about what He does, while they all will be questioned.
Allah's statement,
وَمَا جَعَلۡنَاكَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ حَفِيظًا
And We have not made you Hafiz over them.
means, a watcher who observes their statements and deeds,
وَمَا أَنتَ عَلَيۡهِم بِوَكِيلٍ
Nor are you set over them to dispose of their affairs.
or to control their provision. Rather, your only job is to convey, just as Allah said,
فَذَكِّرۡ إِنَّمَأ أَنتَ مُذَكِّرٌّلَسۡتَ عَلَيۡهِم بِمُسَيۡطِرٍ
So remind them, you are only one who reminds. You are not a dictator over them. (88:21-22)
and,
فَإِنَّمَا عَلَيۡكَ الۡبَلَـغُ وَعَلَيۡنَا الۡحِسَابُ
Your duty is only to convey and on Us is the reckoning. (13:40).
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