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Ayah
Word by Word
هُوَ
He
ٱللَّهُ
(is) Allah
ٱلَّذِي
the One Who
لَآ
(there is) no
إِلَٰهَ
god
إِلَّا
but
هُوَۖ
He
عَٰلِمُ
(the) All-Knower
ٱلۡغَيۡبِ
(of) the unseen
وَٱلشَّهَٰدَةِۖ
and the witnessed
هُوَ
He
ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنُ
(is) the Most Gracious
ٱلرَّحِيمُ
the Most Merciful
هُوَ
He
ٱللَّهُ
(is) Allah
ٱلَّذِي
the One Who
لَآ
(there is) no
إِلَٰهَ
god
إِلَّا
but
هُوَۖ
He
عَٰلِمُ
(the) All-Knower
ٱلۡغَيۡبِ
(of) the unseen
وَٱلشَّهَٰدَةِۖ
and the witnessed
هُوَ
He
ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنُ
(is) the Most Gracious
ٱلرَّحِيمُ
the Most Merciful
Translation
He is Allāh, other than whom there is no deity, Knower of the unseen and the witnessed.1 He is the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.
Footnotes
1 - See footnotes to 6:73.
Tafsir
He is God, than Whom there is no other god, Knower of the unseen and the visible, what is secret and what is proclaimed - He is the Compassionate, the Merciful.
Glorifying Allah the Exalted by mentioning His Names and Attributes
Allah the Exalted said,
هُوَ اللَّهُ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلاَّ هُوَ
عَالِمُ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّهَادَةِ هُوَ الرَّحْمَنُ الرَّحِيمُ
He is Allah, beside Whom La ilaha illa Huwa, the All-Knower of the unseen and the seen. He is the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Allah states that He Alone is worthy of worship, there is no Lord or God for the existence, except Him. All that is being worshipped instead of Allah are false deities.
Allah is the All-Knower in the unseen and the seen, He knows all that pertains to the creations that we see, and those we cannot see. Nothing in heaven or on earth ever escapes His knowledge, no matter how great or insignificant, big or small, including ants in darkness.
Allah's statement,
هُوَ الرَّحْمَنُ الرَّحِيم
(He is the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful). was duly explained before at the very beginning of this Tafsir, so it is not necessary to repeat it here, and it asserts that Allah is the Owner of the wide encompassing mercy that entails all of His creation. He is Ar-Rahman and Ar-Rahim of this life and the Hereafter.
Allah the Exalted said in other Ayat,
وَرَحْمَتِى وَسِعَتْ كُلَّ شَىْءٍ
And My mercy embraces all things. (7:156),
and,
كَتَبَ رَبُّكُمْ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ الرَّحْمَةَ
Your Lord has written (prescribed) mercy for Himself. (6:54),
and,
قُلْ بِفَضْلِ اللَّهِ وَبِرَحْمَتِهِ فَبِذَلِكَ فَلْيَفْرَحُواْ هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِّمَّا يَجْمَعُونَ
Say:In the bounty of Allah, and in His mercy; -- therein let them rejoice. That is better than what (the wealth) they amass. (10:58)
Allah the Exalted said
هُوَ اللَّهُ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلاَّ هُوَ
الْمَلِكُ
He is Allah, beside Whom La ilaha illa Huwa, Al-Malik.
Al-Malik, meaning The Owner and King of all things, Who has full power over them without resistance or hindrance.
Allah's statement,
الْقُدُّوسُ
Al-Quddus,
meaning The Pure, according to Wahb bin Munabbih,
while Mujahid and Qatadah said that Al-Quddus means The Blessed.
Ibn Jurayj said that Al-Quddus means
He Whom the honorable angels glorify.
السَّلَمُ
As-Salam,
meaning Free from any defects or shortcomings that lessen or decrease His perfect attributes and actions.
Allah's statement,
الْمُوْمِنُ
Al-Mu'min,
means Who has granted safety to His servants by promising that He will never be unjust to them,
according to Ad-Dahhak who reported it from Ibn Abbas.
Qatadah said that Al-Mu'min means that
Allah affirms that His statements are true,
while Ibn Zayd said that it means,
He attested to His faithful servants' having faith in Him.
Allah's statement,
الْمُهَيْمِنُ
Al-Muhaymin,
means, according to Ibn Abbas and others,
The Witness for His servants actions,
that is, the Ever-Watcher over them. Allah said in similar Ayat,
وَاللَّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ شَهِيدٌ
And Allah is Witness over all things. (58:6),
and,
ثُمَّ اللَّهُ شَهِيدٌ عَلَى مَا يَفْعَلُونَ
and moreover Allah is Witness over what they used to do. (10:46),
and,
أَفَمَنْ هُوَ قَأيِمٌ عَلَى كُلِّ نَفْسٍ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ
Is then He (Allah) Who takes charge (guards) of every person and knows all that he has earned, (13:33)
Allah said,
الْعَزِيزُ
Al-`Aziz,
meaning that He is the Almighty, Dominant over all things.
Therefore, His majesty is never violated, due to His might, greatness, irresistible power and pride.
Allah said;
الْجَبَّارُالْمُتَكَبِّرُ
Al-Jabbar, Al-Mutakabbir,
meaning The Only One worthy of being the Compeller and Supreme.
There is a Hadith in the Sahih Collection in which Allah said,
الْعَظَمَةُ إِزَارِي وَالْكِبْرِيَاءُ رِدَايِي فَمَنْ نَازَعَنِي وَاحِدًا مِنْهُمَا عَذَّبْتُه
Might is My Izar and pride is My Rida; if anyone disputes any one of them with Me, then I will punish him.
Allah the Exalted said,
سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ
Glory be to Allah! (High is He) above all that they associate as partners with Him.,
then He said
هُوَ اللَّهُ الْخَالِقُ الْبَارِيُ الْمُصَوِّرُ
He is Allah, Al-Khaliq, Al-Bari, Al-Muﷺwir.
Al-Khaliq refers to measuring and proportioning,
Al-Bari refers to inventing and bringing into existence what He has created and measured. Surely, none except Allah is able to measure, bring forth and create whatever He wills to come to existence.
Allah's statement,
الْخَالِقُ الْبَارِيُ الْمُصَوِّرُ
(Al-Khaliq, Al-Bari, Al-Muﷺwir.)
means, if Allah wills something, He merely says to it
be
and it comes to existence in the form that He wills and the shape He chooses,
فِى أَىِّ صُورَةٍ مَّا شَأءَ رَكَّبَكَ
In whatever form He willed, He put you together. (82:8)
Allah describing Himself as being Al-Muﷺwir, Who brings into existence anything He wills in the shape and form He decides.
Al-Asma' Al-Husna
Allah the Exalted said,
لَهُ الاَْسْمَاء الْحُسْنَى
To Him belong Al-Asma' Al-Husna (the Best Names).
We explained the meaning of this Ayah in the Tafsir of Surah Al-A`raf.
The Two Sahihs recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah said,
إِنَّ للهِ تَعَالَى تِسْعَةً وَتِسْعِينَ اسْمًا مِايَةً إِلاَّ وَاحِدًا مَنْ أَحْصَاهَا دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ
وَهُوَ وِتْرٌ يُحِبُّ الْوِتْر
Allah the Exalted has ninety-nine Names, one hundred less one; whoever then preserves them, will enter Paradise.
Allah is Witr (One) and He likes the Witr.
Everything praises and glorifies Allah
Allah's statement,
يُسَبِّحُ لَهُ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالاَْرْضِ
All that is in the heavens and the earth glorify Him.
is similar to His other statement,
تُسَبِّحُ لَهُ السَّمَـوَتُ السَّبْعُ وَالاٌّرْضُ وَمَن فِيهِنَّ وَإِن مِّن شَىْءٍ إِلاَّ يُسَبِّحُ بِحَمْدَهِ وَلَـكِن لاَّ تَفْقَهُونَ تَسْبِيحَهُمْ إِنَّهُ كَانَ حَلِيمًا غَفُورًا
The seven heavens and the earth and all that is therein, glorify Him and there is not a thing but glorifies His praise. But you understand not their glorification. Truly, He is Ever Forbearing, Oft--Forgiving. (17:44)
Allah's statement,
وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ
and He is Al-`Aziz, The Almighty,
meaning, His greatness is never humbled,
الْحَكِيمُ
Al-Hakim, the All-Wise, in His legislation and decrees
This is the end of the Tafsir of Surah Al-Hashr. All praise is due to Allah.
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