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Ayah
Word by Word
إِنَّآ
Indeed We
أَرۡسَلۡنَا
[We] sent
عَلَيۡهِمۡ
upon them
حَاصِبًا
a storm of stones
إِلَّآ
except
ءَالَ
(the) family
لُوطٖۖ
(of) Lut
نَّجَّيۡنَٰهُم
We saved them
بِسَحَرٖ
by dawn
إِنَّآ
Indeed We
أَرۡسَلۡنَا
[We] sent
عَلَيۡهِمۡ
upon them
حَاصِبًا
a storm of stones
إِلَّآ
except
ءَالَ
(the) family
لُوطٖۖ
(of) Lut
نَّجَّيۡنَٰهُم
We saved them
بِسَحَرٖ
by dawn
Translation
We sent against them a violent Tornado with showers of stones, (which destroyed them), except Lut's household: them We delivered by early Dawn,-
Tafsir
Indeed We unleashed upon them a squall of pebbles, a wind hurling at them pebbles, namely, small stones, a single one [of these] being no larger than the palm of the hand, and they were destroyed; [all] except the family of Lot, namely, his two daughters, together with him, whom We delivered at dawn, from among the dawns, the morning time of an unspecified day (had a specific day been meant [for that mentioned dawn], it [sahar] would have been treated as a diptote [instead of the declined form saharin], being a definite noun derived from al-sahar, for with definite nouns one ought to use [the preceding definite article] al). So was the squall unleashed at first with the family of Lot [still there]? There are two opinions regarding this: in the case of the former [that it was unleashed upon them including the family of Lot] the exception is understood as a continuous one, while in the case of the latter [opinion that they were delivered before the squall] the exception is understood as a discontinuous one, even if it ['the family of Lot'] is actually subsumed by the collective noun ['the people of Lot', and so they were delivered] as a kindness [from God];
The Story of the People of the Prophet Lut
Allah the Exalted states,
كَذَّبَتۡ قَوۡمُ لُوطٍ بِالنُّذُرِ
The people of Lut denied the warnings.
Allah the Exalted states that the people of Lut defied and denied their Messenger and committed sodomy, the awful immoral sin that no people in the history of mankind had committed before. This is why Allah destroyed them with a type of torment that He never inflicted upon any nation before them. Allah the Exalted commanded Jibril, peace be upon him, to raise their cities to the sky and then turn them upside down over them, followed by stones made of marked Sijjil.
So He said here:
إِنَّا أَرۡسَلۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ حَاصِبًا إِلاَّ الَ لُوطٍ
نَّجَّيۡنَاهُم بِسَحَرٍ
Verily, We sent against them Hasib (a violent storm of stones) except the family of Lut, them We saved in the last hour of the night.
They left the city in the last part of the night and were saved from the torment that struck their people, none of whom believed in Lut. And even Lut's wife suffered the same end as her people. Allah's Prophet Lut left Sodom with his daughters in safety, unharmed
نِعۡمَةً مِّنۡ عِندِنَا
As a favor from Us.
Allah said,
كَذَلِكَ نَجۡزِي مَن شَكَرَ
وَلَقَدۡ أَنذَرَهُم بَطۡشَتَنَا
Thus do We reward him who gives thanks. And he indeed had warned them of Our punishment,
meaning, before the torment struck his people, he warned them of Allah's torment and punishment. They did not heed the warning, nor listen to Lut,
فَتَمَارَوۡا بِالنُّذُرِ
but they doubted the warnings!
i.e. but instead doubted and disputed the warning
وَلَقَدۡ رَاوَدُوهُ عَن ضَيۡفِهِ
And they indeed sought to shame his guests,
that is the night the angels Jibril, Mika'il and Israfil came to him in the shape of handsome young men, as a test from Allah for Lut's people. Lut hosted his guests, while his wife, the evil old one, sent a message to her people informing them of Lut's guests. They came to him in haste from every direction, and Lut had to close the door in their faces. They came during the night and tried to break the door; Lut tried to fend them off, while shielding his guests from them, saying,
هَـوُلاءِ بَنَاتِى إِن كُنۡتُمۡ فَـعِلِينَ
These are my daughters, if you must act (so). (15:71),
in reference to their women,
قَالُواۡ لَقَدۡ عَلِمۡتَ مَا لَنَا فِى بَنَاتِكَ مِنۡ حَقٍّ
They said:Surely, you know that we have neither any desire nor need of your daughters! (11:79),
meaning, `we do not have any desire for women,'
وَإِنَّكَ لَتَعۡلَمُ مَا نُرِيدُ
and indeed you know well what we want! (11:79)
فَطَمَسۡنَا أَعۡيُنَهُمۡ
فَذُوقُوا عَذَابِي وَنُذُرِ
So, We blinded their eyes (saying), Then taste you My torment and My warnings.
When the situation became serious and they insisted on coming in, Jibril went out to them and struck their eyes with the tip of his wing, causing them to lose their sight. They went back feeling for the walls to guide them, threatening Lut with what would befall him in the morning.
Allah the Exalted said,
وَلَقَدۡ صَبَّحَهُم بُكۡرَةً عَذَابٌ مُّسۡتَقِرٌّ
And verily, an abiding torment seized them early in the morning.
meaning, a torment that they had no way of escaping or avoiding,
فَذُوقُوا عَذَابِي وَنُذُرِ
وَلَقَدۡ يَسَّرۡنَا الۡقُرۡانَ لِلذِّكۡرِ فَهَلۡ مِن مُّدَّكِرٍ
Then taste you My torment and My warnings. And indeed, We have made the Qur'an easy to understand and remember; then is there any that will remember!
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