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Ayah

Word by Word
قَالَ
(Allah) said
فَإِنَّهَا
Then indeed it
مُحَرَّمَةٌ
(will be) forbidden
عَلَيۡهِمۡۛ
to them
أَرۡبَعِينَ
(for) forty
سَنَةٗۛ
years
يَتِيهُونَ
they will wander
فِي
in
ٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ
the earth
فَلَا
So (do) not
تَأۡسَ
grieve
عَلَى
over
ٱلۡقَوۡمِ
the people
ٱلۡفَٰسِقِينَ
the defiantly disobedient
قَالَ
(Allah) said
فَإِنَّهَا
Then indeed it
مُحَرَّمَةٌ
(will be) forbidden
عَلَيۡهِمۡۛ
to them
أَرۡبَعِينَ
(for) forty
سَنَةٗۛ
years
يَتِيهُونَ
they will wander
فِي
in
ٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ
the earth
فَلَا
So (do) not
تَأۡسَ
grieve
عَلَى
over
ٱلۡقَوۡمِ
the people
ٱلۡفَٰسِقِينَ
the defiantly disobedient

Translation

[Allāh] said, "Then indeed, it is forbidden to them for forty years [in which] they will wander throughout the land. So do not grieve over the defiantly disobedient people."

Tafsir

He, God, exalted be He, said, to him: 'Then it, the Holy Land, shall be forbidden them, to enter, for forty years; they shall wander lost, bewildered, in the land - according to Ibn 'Abbaas this [land] was about nineparasangs [sc. 30 miles]; so do not grieve for the wicked folk'. It is reported that they would travel throughout the night earnestly, but in the morning would find themselves back where they had started. And they would travel all day, with the same result, until they all perished, except those under twenty years of age. It is said that they numbered 600,000. Moses and Aaron died in the wilderness, and this was a mercy for them, and a chastisement for those others. When Moses was on the verge of death, he asked his Lord to bring him close to the Holy Land, to within a stone's throw, and He did, as related in hadeeth. Joshua became a prophet sometime after his fortieth year and he was commanded to fight against the giants. So he sallied forth with those that remained by his side and he fought against them; it was a Friday and the sun stopped for him for an hour, until he had finished with fighting them. Ahmad [ibn Hanbal] reported in his Musnad the [following] hadeeth, 'The sun was never detained for any human, except for Joshua during those days in which he marched towards the Holy House [of Jerusalem]'.

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