Ayah

Word by Word
وَوَصَّيۡنَا
And We have enjoined
ٱلۡإِنسَٰنَ
(on) man
بِوَٰلِدَيۡهِ
to his parents
إِحۡسَٰنًاۖ
kindness
حَمَلَتۡهُ
Carried him
أُمُّهُۥ
his mother
كُرۡهٗا
(with) hardship
وَوَضَعَتۡهُ
and gave birth to him
كُرۡهٗاۖ
(with) hardship
وَحَمۡلُهُۥ
And (the) bearing of him
وَفِصَٰلُهُۥ
and (the) weaning of him
ثَلَٰثُونَ
(is) thirty
شَهۡرًاۚ
month(s)
حَتَّىٰٓ
until
إِذَا
when
بَلَغَ
he reaches
أَشُدَّهُۥ
his maturity
وَبَلَغَ
and reaches
أَرۡبَعِينَ
forty
سَنَةٗ
year(s)
قَالَ
he says
رَبِّ
My Lord
أَوۡزِعۡنِيٓ
grant me (the) power
أَنۡ
that
أَشۡكُرَ
I may be grateful
نِعۡمَتَكَ
(for) Your favor
ٱلَّتِيٓ
which
أَنۡعَمۡتَ
You have bestowed
عَلَيَّ
upon me
وَعَلَىٰ
and upon
وَٰلِدَيَّ
my parents
وَأَنۡ
and that
أَعۡمَلَ
I do
صَٰلِحٗا
righteous (deeds)
تَرۡضَىٰهُ
which please You
وَأَصۡلِحۡ
and make righteous
لِي
for me
فِي
among
ذُرِّيَّتِيٓۖ
my offspring
إِنِّي
indeed
تُبۡتُ
I turn
إِلَيۡكَ
to You
وَإِنِّي
and indeed I am
مِنَ
of
ٱلۡمُسۡلِمِينَ
those who submit
وَوَصَّيۡنَا
And We have enjoined
ٱلۡإِنسَٰنَ
(on) man
بِوَٰلِدَيۡهِ
to his parents
إِحۡسَٰنًاۖ
kindness
حَمَلَتۡهُ
Carried him
أُمُّهُۥ
his mother
كُرۡهٗا
(with) hardship
وَوَضَعَتۡهُ
and gave birth to him
كُرۡهٗاۖ
(with) hardship
وَحَمۡلُهُۥ
And (the) bearing of him
وَفِصَٰلُهُۥ
and (the) weaning of him
ثَلَٰثُونَ
(is) thirty
شَهۡرًاۚ
month(s)
حَتَّىٰٓ
until
إِذَا
when
بَلَغَ
he reaches
أَشُدَّهُۥ
his maturity
وَبَلَغَ
and reaches
أَرۡبَعِينَ
forty
سَنَةٗ
year(s)
قَالَ
he says
رَبِّ
My Lord
أَوۡزِعۡنِيٓ
grant me (the) power
أَنۡ
that
أَشۡكُرَ
I may be grateful
نِعۡمَتَكَ
(for) Your favor
ٱلَّتِيٓ
which
أَنۡعَمۡتَ
You have bestowed
عَلَيَّ
upon me
وَعَلَىٰ
and upon
وَٰلِدَيَّ
my parents
وَأَنۡ
and that
أَعۡمَلَ
I do
صَٰلِحٗا
righteous (deeds)
تَرۡضَىٰهُ
which please You
وَأَصۡلِحۡ
and make righteous
لِي
for me
فِي
among
ذُرِّيَّتِيٓۖ
my offspring
إِنِّي
indeed
تُبۡتُ
I turn
إِلَيۡكَ
to You
وَإِنِّي
and indeed I am
مِنَ
of
ٱلۡمُسۡلِمِينَ
those who submit

Translation

We have enjoined on man kindness to his parents: In pain did his mother bear him, and in pain did she give him birth. The carrying of the (child) to his weaning is (a period of) thirty months. At length, when he reaches the age of full strength and attains forty years, he says, "O my Lord! Grant me that I may be grateful for Thy favour which Thou has bestowed upon me, and upon both my parents, and that I may work righteousness such as Thou mayest approve; and be gracious to me in my issue. Truly have I turned to Thee and truly do I bow (to Thee) in Islam."

Tafsir

And We have enjoined man to be kind (husnan: a variant reading has ihsaanan), that is to say, We have commanded him to act kindly towards both of them (thus ihsaanan is in the accusative as a verbal noun, because of the implied verbal action; the same applies to husnan) to his parents. His mother carries him in travail, and gives birth to him in travail, that is to say, with suffering; and his gestation and his weaning, from suckling, take thirty months, six months being the minimum period for gestation, the remainder being the maximum period of suckling; it is also said that, regardless of whether she bore him for six or nine months, she should suckle him for the remainder. So that (hattaa is a [particle of] purpose for an implied sentence, that is to say, wa-'aasha hattaa, 'and he lived on so that .') when he is mature, namely, at his prime in terms of his strength, intellect and reasoning, the minimum [age] for which is thirty or thirty three years, and reaches forty years, that is, exactly [forty years], which is the maximum for [attaining] maturity, he says, 'My Lord!, [this] to the end [of this verse] was revealed regarding Aboo Bakr al-Siddeeq, when he had reached forty years of age, two years after the [beginning of the] Prophet's Mission may peace and salutation be upon him. He [Aboo Bakr] believed in him, whereafter his parents believed [in the Prophet], followed by his son 'Abd al-Rahmaan, then 'Abd al-Rahmaan's son Aboo 'Ateeq [Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-Rahmaan]. Inspire me to give thanks for Your favour with which You have favoured me and my parents, namely, [the grace of] affirming [God's] Oneness, and that I may act righteously in a way that will please You, thus he [Aboo Bakr] emancipated nine believers who had been enduring torture [at the hands of the idolaters] for [their belief in] God, and invest my seed with righteousness, all of them were believers. Indeed I repent to You and I am truly of those who submit [to You]'.

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