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Ayah

Word by Word
أَلَمۡ
Have not
تَرَ
you seen
إِلَى
[towards]
ٱلَّذِينَ
those who
قِيلَ
(when) it was said
لَهُمۡ
to them
كُفُّوٓاْ
Restrain
أَيۡدِيَكُمۡ
your hands
وَأَقِيمُواْ
and establish
ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ
the prayer
وَءَاتُواْ
and give
ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ
the zakah
فَلَمَّا
Then when
كُتِبَ
was ordained
عَلَيۡهِمُ
on them
ٱلۡقِتَالُ
the fighting
إِذَا
then
فَرِيقٞ
a group
مِّنۡهُمۡ
of them
يَخۡشَوۡنَ
[they] fear
ٱلنَّاسَ
the people
كَخَشۡيَةِ
as (they) fear
ٱللَّهِ
Allah
أَوۡ
or
أَشَدَّ
more intense
خَشۡيَةٗۚ
fear
وَقَالُواْ
and they said
رَبَّنَا
Our Lord
لِمَ
why
كَتَبۡتَ
have You ordained
عَلَيۡنَا
upon us
ٱلۡقِتَالَ
[the] fighting
لَوۡلَآ
Why not
أَخَّرۡتَنَآ
You postpone (it for) us
إِلَىٰٓ
to
أَجَلٖ
a term
قَرِيبٖۗ
near
قُلۡ
Say
مَتَٰعُ
Enjoyment
ٱلدُّنۡيَا
(of) the world
قَلِيلٞ
(is) little
وَٱلۡأٓخِرَةُ
and the Hereafter
خَيۡرٞ
(is) better
لِّمَنِ
for whoever
ٱتَّقَىٰ
fears (Allah)
وَلَا
and not
تُظۡلَمُونَ
you will be wronged
فَتِيلًا
(even as much as) a hair on a date-seed
أَلَمۡ
Have not
تَرَ
you seen
إِلَى
[towards]
ٱلَّذِينَ
those who
قِيلَ
(when) it was said
لَهُمۡ
to them
كُفُّوٓاْ
Restrain
أَيۡدِيَكُمۡ
your hands
وَأَقِيمُواْ
and establish
ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ
the prayer
وَءَاتُواْ
and give
ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ
the zakah
فَلَمَّا
Then when
كُتِبَ
was ordained
عَلَيۡهِمُ
on them
ٱلۡقِتَالُ
the fighting
إِذَا
then
فَرِيقٞ
a group
مِّنۡهُمۡ
of them
يَخۡشَوۡنَ
[they] fear
ٱلنَّاسَ
the people
كَخَشۡيَةِ
as (they) fear
ٱللَّهِ
Allah
أَوۡ
or
أَشَدَّ
more intense
خَشۡيَةٗۚ
fear
وَقَالُواْ
and they said
رَبَّنَا
Our Lord
لِمَ
why
كَتَبۡتَ
have You ordained
عَلَيۡنَا
upon us
ٱلۡقِتَالَ
[the] fighting
لَوۡلَآ
Why not
أَخَّرۡتَنَآ
You postpone (it for) us
إِلَىٰٓ
to
أَجَلٖ
a term
قَرِيبٖۗ
near
قُلۡ
Say
مَتَٰعُ
Enjoyment
ٱلدُّنۡيَا
(of) the world
قَلِيلٞ
(is) little
وَٱلۡأٓخِرَةُ
and the Hereafter
خَيۡرٞ
(is) better
لِّمَنِ
for whoever
ٱتَّقَىٰ
fears (Allah)
وَلَا
and not
تُظۡلَمُونَ
you will be wronged
فَتِيلًا
(even as much as) a hair on a date-seed

Translation

Have you not seen those who were told, "Restrain your hands [from fighting]1 and establish prayer and give zakāh"? But then when battle was ordained for them, at once a party of them feared men as they fear Allāh or with [even] greater fear. They said, "Our Lord, why have You decreed upon us fighting? If only You had postponed [it for] us for a short time." Say, "The enjoyment of this world is little, and the Hereafter is better for he who fears Allāh. And injustice will not be done to you, [even] as much as a thread [inside a date seed]."
Footnotes
1 - Before permission was given by Allāh.

Tafsir

Have you not seen those to whom it was said, 'Restrain your hands, from fighting the disbelievers when they desired it at Mecca, because of the harm the disbelievers had inflicted upon them - and these were a group from among the Companions - and establish the prayer, and pay the alms'? Then, as soon as fighting was prescribed, was made obligatory, for them, lo, a party of them fear people, the disbelievers, that is, [they fear] punishment at their hands through death, as they would fear, the punishment of, God, or with more fear, than their fear of Him (ashadda, 'more', is in the accusative because it is a circumstantial qualifier; the response to the lammaa, 'as soon as', is indicated by idhaa, 'lo', and what follows), in other words, they are taken aback by fear, and they said, frightened of death, 'Our Lord, why have You prescribed fighting for us? Why not (lawlaa is [to be understood as] hallaa) defer us to a near term?' Say, to them: 'The enjoyment of this world, that which is enjoyed therein, or enjoying it [the world], is trifling, it will end up by perishing; and the Hereafter, the Paradise, is better for him who fears God's punishment by avoiding disobedience to Him; and you shall not be wronged (laa tuzlamoona, may also be read laa yuzlamoona, 'they shall not be wronged') you shall not be diminished of your deeds, a single date-thread, as much as the peel on a date-stone, so struggle [in the way of God].

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