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Ayah
Word by Word
وَأَخۡذِهِمُ
And for their taking
ٱلرِّبَوٰاْ
(of) [the] usury
وَقَدۡ
while certainly
نُهُواْ
they were forbidden
عَنۡهُ
from it
وَأَكۡلِهِمۡ
and (for) their consuming
أَمۡوَٰلَ
wealth
ٱلنَّاسِ
(of) the people
بِٱلۡبَٰطِلِۚ
wrongfully
وَأَعۡتَدۡنَا
And We have prepared
لِلۡكَٰفِرِينَ
for the disbelievers
مِنۡهُمۡ
among them
عَذَابًا
a punishment
أَلِيمٗا
painful
وَأَخۡذِهِمُ
And for their taking
ٱلرِّبَوٰاْ
(of) [the] usury
وَقَدۡ
while certainly
نُهُواْ
they were forbidden
عَنۡهُ
from it
وَأَكۡلِهِمۡ
and (for) their consuming
أَمۡوَٰلَ
wealth
ٱلنَّاسِ
(of) the people
بِٱلۡبَٰطِلِۚ
wrongfully
وَأَعۡتَدۡنَا
And We have prepared
لِلۡكَٰفِرِينَ
for the disbelievers
مِنۡهُمۡ
among them
عَذَابًا
a punishment
أَلِيمٗا
painful
Translation
That they took usury, though they were forbidden; and that they devoured men's substance wrongfully;- we have prepared for those among them who reject faith a grievous punishment.
Tafsir
And because of their taking usury when they had been forbidden it, in the Torah, and their consuming people's wealth through falsehood, through bribes in adjudications, and We have prepared for the disbelievers among them a painful chastisement.
"Some Foods Were Made Unlawful for the Jews Because of their Injustice and Wrongdoing
Allah says;
فَبِظُلۡمٍ مِّنَ الَّذِينَ هَادُواۡ حَرَّمۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ طَيِّبَاتٍ أُحِلَّتۡ لَهُمۡ
وَبِصَدِّهِمۡ عَن سَبِيلِ اللّهِ كَثِيرًا
For the wrongdoing of the Jews, We made unlawful for them certain good foods which had been lawful for them ـ and for their hindering many from Allah's way;
Allah states that because of the injustice and transgression of the Jews, demonstrated by committing major sins, He prohibited some of the lawful, pure things which were previously allowed for them.
This prohibition could be only that of decree, meaning that Allah allowed the Jews to falsely interpret their Book and change and alter the information about what was allowed for them. They thus, out of exaggeration and extremism in the religion, prohibited some things for themselves.
It could also mean that in the Tawrah, Allah prohibited things that were allowed for them before.
Allah said,
كُلُّ الطَّعَامِ كَانَ حِـلًّ لِّبَنِى إِسۡرَءِيلَ إِلاَّ مَا حَرَّمَ إِسۡرَءِيلُ عَلَى نَفۡسِهِ مِن قَبۡلِ أَن تُنَزَّلَ التَّوۡرَاةُ
All food was lawful to the Children of Israel, except what Israil made unlawful for himself before the Tawrah was revealed. (3;93)
We mentioned this Ayah before, which means that all types of food were allowed for the Children of Israel before the Tawrah was revealed, except the camel's meat and milk that Israil prohibited for himself. Later, Allah prohibited many things in the Tawrah. Allah said in Surah Al-An`am (chapter 6),
وَعَلَى الَّذِينَ هَادُواۡ حَرَّمۡنَا كُلَّ ذِى ظُفُرٍ وَمِنَ الۡبَقَرِ وَالۡغَنَمِ حَرَّمۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ شُحُومَهُمَأ إِلاَّ مَا حَمَلَتۡ ظُهُورُهُمَأ أَوِ الۡحَوَايَأ أَوۡ مَا اخۡتَلَطَ بِعَظۡمٍ ذَلِكَ جَزَيۡنَـهُم بِبَغۡيِهِمۡ وِإِنَّا لَصَـدِقُونَ
And unto those who are Jews, We forbade every (animal) with undivided hoof, and We forbade them the fat of the ox and the sheep except what adheres to their backs or their entrails, or is mixed up with a bone. Thus We recompensed them for their rebellion. And verily, We are Truthful. (6:146)
This means, We prohibited these things for them because they deserved it due to their transgression, injustice, defying their Messenger and disputing with him.
So Allah said;
فَبِظُلۡمٍ مِّنَ الَّذِينَ هَادُواۡ حَرَّمۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ طَيِّبَاتٍ أُحِلَّتۡ لَهُمۡ
وَبِصَدِّهِمۡ عَن سَبِيلِ اللّهِ كَثِيرًا
For the wrongdoing of the Jews, We made unlawful to them certain good foods which had been lawful to them, and for their hindering many from Allah's way.
This Ayah states that they hindered themselves and others from following the truth, and this is the behavior that they brought from the past to the present.
This is why they were and still are the enemies of the Messengers, killing many of the Prophets. They also denied Muhammad and `Isa, peace be upon them.
Allah said""
""وَأَخۡذِهِمُ الرِّبَا وَقَدۡ نُهُواۡ عَنۡهُ
And their taking of Riba though they were forbidden from taking it,
Allah prohibited them from taking Riba', yet they did so using various kinds of tricks, ploys and cons, thus devouring people's property unjustly.
وَأَكۡلِهِمۡ أَمۡوَالَ النَّاسِ بِالۡبَاطِلِ
and their devouring men's substance wrongfully.
Allah said,
وَأَعۡتَدۡنَا لِلۡكَافِرِينَ مِنۡهُمۡ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا
And We have prepared for the disbelievers among them a painful torment.
Allah then said""
""لَّـكِنِ الرَّاسِخُونَ فِي الۡعِلۡمِ مِنۡهُمۡ
But those among them who are well-grounded in knowledge...,
firm in the religion and full of beneficial knowledge.
We mentioned this subject when we explained Surah Al Imran.
The Ayah;
وَالۡمُوۡمِنُونَ
and the believers...,
refers to the well-grounded in knowledge;
يُوۡمِنُونَ بِمَا أُنزِلَ إِلَيكَ وَمَا أُنزِلَ مِن قَبۡلِكَ
believe in what has been sent down to you and what was sent down before you;
Ibn Abbas said,
“This Ayah was revealed concerning Abdullah bin Salam, Thalabah bin Sayah, Zayd bin Sa`yah and Asad bin Ubayd who embraced Islam and believed what Allah sent Muhammad with.”
Allah said,
وَالۡمُقِيمِينَ الصَّلَةَ
and those who perform the Salah,
وَالۡمُوۡتُونَ الزَّكَاةَ
and give Zakah,
This could be referring to the obligatory charity due on one's wealth and property, or those who purify themselves, or both.
Allah knows best.
وَالۡمُوۡمِنُونَ بِاللّهِ وَالۡيَوۡمِ الاخِرِ
and believe in Allah and in the Last Day,
They believe that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, believe in Resurrection after death and the reward or punishment for the good or evil deeds.
Allah's statement,
أُوۡلَـيِكَ
It is they,
those whom the Ayah described above.
سَنُوۡتِيهِمۡ أَجۡرًا عَظِيمًا
To whom We shall give a great reward.
means Paradise."
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