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Ayah
Word by Word
ذَٰلِكَ
That
عَٰلِمُ
(is the) Knower
ٱلۡغَيۡبِ
(of) the hidden
وَٱلشَّهَٰدَةِ
and the witnessed
ٱلۡعَزِيزُ
the All-Mighty
ٱلرَّحِيمُ
the Most Merciful
ذَٰلِكَ
That
عَٰلِمُ
(is the) Knower
ٱلۡغَيۡبِ
(of) the hidden
وَٱلشَّهَٰدَةِ
and the witnessed
ٱلۡعَزِيزُ
the All-Mighty
ٱلرَّحِيمُ
the Most Merciful
Translation
Such is He, the Knower of all things, hidden and open, the Exalted (in power), the Merciful;-
Tafsir
That, Creator and Director, is the Knower of the Unseen and the visible, that is, what is hidden from creatures and what is present before them, the Mighty, the Invincible in His kingdom, the Merciful, to those who are obedient to Him,
Tafsir of Surah As-Sajdah
The Qur'an is the Book of Allah in which there is no Doubt
Allah says;
الم
Alif Lam Mim.
We discussed the individual letters at the beginning of Surah Al-Baqarah, and there is no need to repeat it here
تَنزِيلُ الۡكِتَابِ لَا رَيۡبَ فِيهِ
The revelation of the Book in which there is no doubt,
means, there is no doubt whatsoever that it has been revealed.
مِن رَّبِّ الۡعَالَمِينَ
from the Lord of all that exists.
Then Allah tells us about the idolators
أَمۡ يَقُولُونَ افۡتَرَاهُ
Or say they:He has fabricated it:
they say, he has fabricated it, i.e., he has made it up by himself.
بَلۡ هُوَ الۡحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّكَ لِتُنذِرَ قَوۡمًا مَّا أَتَاهُم مِّن نَّذِيرٍ مِّن قَبۡلِكَ لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَهۡتَدُونَ
Nay, it is the truth from your Lord, so that you may warn a people to whom no warner has come before you, in order that they may be guided.
means, in order that they may follow the truth
Allah is the Creator and Controller of the Universe
Allah says;
اللَّهُ الَّذِي خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالاَۡرۡضَ وَمَا بَيۡنَهُمَا فِي سِتَّةِ أَيَّامٍ ثُمَّ اسۡتَوَى عَلَى الۡعَرۡشِ
Allah it is He Who has created the heavens and the earth, and all that is between them in six Days. Then He Istawa over the Throne.
Allah tells us that He is the Creator of all things. He created the heavens and earth and all that is between them in six days, then He rose over the Throne -- we have already discussed this matter elsewhere.
مَا لَكُم مِّن دُونِهِ مِن وَلِيٍّ وَلَاا شَفِيعٍ
You have none, besides Him, as a protector or an intercessor,
means, only He is the Sovereign Who is in control of all affairs, the Creator of all things, the Controller of all things, the One Who is able to do all things. There is no Creator besides Him, no intercessor except the one to whom He gives permission.
أَفَلَ تَتَذَكَّرُونَ
Will you not then remember! --
this is addressed to those who worship others apart from Him and put their trust in others besides Him -- exalted and sanctified and glorified be He above having any equal, partner, supporter, rival or peer, there is no God or Lord except Him
يُدَبِّرُ الاَۡمۡرَ مِنَ السَّمَاء إِلَى الاَۡرۡضِ ثُمَّ يَعۡرُجُ إِلَيۡهِ
He directs the command from the heavens to the earth; then it will go up to Him,)
means, His command comes down from above the heavens to the furthest boundary of the seventh earth.
This is like the Ayah,
اللَّهُ الَّذِى خَلَقَ سَبۡعَ سَمَـوَتٍ وَمِنَ الاٌّرۡضِ مِثۡلَهُنَّ يَتَنَزَّلُ الاٌّمۡرُ بَيۡنَهُنَّ
It is Allah Who has created seven heavens and of the earth the like thereof. The command descends between them,(65:12)
Deeds are raised up to the place of recording above the lowest heaven. The distance between heaven and earth is the distance of five hundred years traveling, and the thickness of the heaven is the distance of five hundred years.
Mujahid, Qatadah and Ad-Dahhak said,
The distance covered by the angel when he descends or ascends is the distance of five hundred years, but he covers it in the blink of an eye.
Allah says:
فِي يَوۡمٍ كَانَ مِقۡدَارُهُ أَلۡفَ سَنَةٍ مِّمَّا تَعُدُّونَ
ذَلِكَ عَالِمُ الۡغَيۡبِ وَالشَّهَادَةِ
in one Day, the measurement of which is a thousand years of your reckoning. That is He, the All-Knower of the unseen and the seen,
meaning, He is controlling all these affairs. He sees all that His servants do, and all their deeds, major and minor, significant and insignificant, ascend to Him. He is the Almighty Who has subjugated all things to His control, and to Whom everybody submits, and He is Most Merciful to His believing servants. He is Almighty in His mercy and Most Merciful in His might. This is perfection:might combined with mercy and mercy combined with might, for He is Merciful without any hint of weakness.
الۡعَزِيزُ الرَّحِيمُ
the All-Mighty, the Most Merciful
The Creation of Man in Stages
Allah tells us that He has created everything well and formed everything in a goodly fashion.
Malik said, narrating from Zayd bin Aslam:
الَّذِي أَحۡسَنَ كُلَّ شَيۡءٍ خَلَقَهُ
Who made everything He has created good,
means, He created everything well and in a goodly fashion.
When Allah mentions the creation of the heavens and the earth, He follows that by mentioning the creation of man.
Allah says:
وَبَدَأَ خَلۡقَ الاِۡنسَانِ مِن طِينٍ
and He began the creation of man from clay.
meaning, He created the father of mankind, Adam, from clay.
ثُمَّ جَعَلَ نَسۡلَهُ مِن سُلَلَةٍ مِّن مَّاء مَّهِينٍ
Then He made his offspring from semen of despised water.
means, they reproduce in this fashion, from a Nutfah which comes from the loins of men and from between the ribs of women
ثُمَّ سَوَّاهُ
Then He fashioned him in due proportion,
means, when He created Adam from clay, He created him and gave him shape and made him upright.
وَنَفَخَ فِيهِ مِن رُّوحِهِ وَجَعَلَ لَكُمُ السَّمۡعَ وَالاَۡبۡصَارَ وَالاَۡفۡيِدَةَ
and breathed into him the soul; and He gave you hearing, sight and the sense of deduction.
means, reason.
قَلِيلً مَّا تَشۡكُرُونَ
Little is the thanks you give!
means, for these strengths with which Allah has provided you; the one who is truly blessed is the one who uses them to worship and obey his Lord, may He be exalted and glorified.
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