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Ayah

Word by Word
وَمِنۡ
And from
أَهۡلِ
(the) People
ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ
(of) the Book
مَنۡ
(is he) who
إِن
if
تَأۡمَنۡهُ
you entrust him
بِقِنطَارٖ
with a great amount of wealth
يُؤَدِّهِۦٓ
he will return it
إِلَيۡكَ
to you
وَمِنۡهُم
And from them
مَّنۡ
(is he) who
إِن
if
تَأۡمَنۡهُ
you entrust him
بِدِينَارٖ
with a single coin
لَّا
not
يُؤَدِّهِۦٓ
he will return it
إِلَيۡكَ
to you
إِلَّا
except
مَا
that
دُمۡتَ
you keep constantly
عَلَيۡهِ
over him
قَآئِمٗاۗ
standing
ذَٰلِكَ
That
بِأَنَّهُمۡ
(is) because they
قَالُواْ
said
لَيۡسَ
Not
عَلَيۡنَا
on us
فِي
concerning
ٱلۡأُمِّيِّـۧنَ
the unlettered people
سَبِيلٞ
any [way] (accountability)
وَيَقُولُونَ
And they say
عَلَى
about
ٱللَّهِ
Allah
ٱلۡكَذِبَ
the lie
وَهُمۡ
while they
يَعۡلَمُونَ
know
وَمِنۡ
And from
أَهۡلِ
(the) People
ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ
(of) the Book
مَنۡ
(is he) who
إِن
if
تَأۡمَنۡهُ
you entrust him
بِقِنطَارٖ
with a great amount of wealth
يُؤَدِّهِۦٓ
he will return it
إِلَيۡكَ
to you
وَمِنۡهُم
And from them
مَّنۡ
(is he) who
إِن
if
تَأۡمَنۡهُ
you entrust him
بِدِينَارٖ
with a single coin
لَّا
not
يُؤَدِّهِۦٓ
he will return it
إِلَيۡكَ
to you
إِلَّا
except
مَا
that
دُمۡتَ
you keep constantly
عَلَيۡهِ
over him
قَآئِمٗاۗ
standing
ذَٰلِكَ
That
بِأَنَّهُمۡ
(is) because they
قَالُواْ
said
لَيۡسَ
Not
عَلَيۡنَا
on us
فِي
concerning
ٱلۡأُمِّيِّـۧنَ
the unlettered people
سَبِيلٞ
any [way] (accountability)
وَيَقُولُونَ
And they say
عَلَى
about
ٱللَّهِ
Allah
ٱلۡكَذِبَ
the lie
وَهُمۡ
while they
يَعۡلَمُونَ
know

Translation

And among the People of the Scripture is he who, if you entrust him with a great amount [of wealth], he will return it to you. And among them is he who, if you entrust him with a [single] coin, he will not return it to you unless you are constantly standing over him [demanding it]. That is because they say, "There is no blame upon us concerning the unlearned."1 And they speak untruth about Allāh while they know [it].
Footnotes
1 - The Jews do not consider it a sin to cheat or lie to a gentile or a pagan.

Tafsir

And of the People of the Scripture is he who, if you trust him with a hundredweight, that is, with much money, he will return it to you, on account of his trustworthiness, the like of 'Abd Allaah ibn Salaam to whom a man entrusted 1200 plates of gold, which he then returned to him; and of them is he who, if you trust him with one dinar, will not return it to you, on account of his treachery; unless you keep standing over him, not leaving him for one minute, for as soon as you leave him, he will deny it, as was the case with Ka'b ibn al- Ashraf, to whom a man from Quraysh entrusted a dinar and later denied it. That, refusal to return things, is because they say, 'We have no duty towards, namely, [no possibility of acquiring] sin because of, the Gentiles', the Arabs; for they considered it lawful to be unjust towards any person of a different religion, and they attributed [the source of] this conviction to God, exalted be He. God, exalted be He, says, They speak falsehood against God, by attributing such things to Him, while they are aware, that they are liars.

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