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Ayah
Word by Word
قُلۡ
Say
أَطِيعُواْ
Obey
ٱللَّهَ
Allah
وَٱلرَّسُولَۖ
and the Messenger
فَإِن
Then if
تَوَلَّوۡاْ
they turn away
فَإِنَّ
then indeed
ٱللَّهَ
Allah
لَا
(does) not
يُحِبُّ
love
ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ
the disbelievers
قُلۡ
Say
أَطِيعُواْ
Obey
ٱللَّهَ
Allah
وَٱلرَّسُولَۖ
and the Messenger
فَإِن
Then if
تَوَلَّوۡاْ
they turn away
فَإِنَّ
then indeed
ٱللَّهَ
Allah
لَا
(does) not
يُحِبُّ
love
ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ
the disbelievers
Translation
Say: "Obey Allah and His Messenger": But if they turn back, Allah loveth not those who reject Faith.
Tafsir
Say, to them: 'Obey God, and the Messenger', as regards the [belief in the] Oneness of God which he enjoins upon you. But if they turn their backs, [if they] object to obedience, God loves not the disbelievers, meaning that He will chastise them (the [third person] pronominalisation ['they'] is replaced by the overt noun ['the disbelievers']).
"Allah's Love is Attained by Following the Messenger
Allah says;
قُلۡ إِن كُنتُمۡ تُحِبُّونَ اللّهَ فَاتَّبِعُونِي يُحۡبِبۡكُمُ اللّهُ
Say (O Muhammad to mankind):""If you (really) love Allah, then follow me (i.e. Muhammad), Allah will love you,
This honorable Ayah judges against those who claim to love Allah, yet do not follow the way of Muhammad. Such people are not true in their claim until they follow the Shariah (Law) of Muhammad and his religion in all his statements, actions and conditions.
It is recorded in the Sahih that the Messenger of Allah said,
مَنۡ عَمِلَ عَمَلً لَيۡسَ عَلَيۡهِ أَمۡرُنَا فَهُوَ رَد
Whoever commits an act that does not conform with our matter (religion), then it will be rejected of him.
This is why Allah said here,
قُلۡ إِن كُنتُمۡ تُحِبُّونَ اللّهَ فَاتَّبِعُونِي يُحۡبِبۡكُمُ اللّهُ
Say (O Muhammad to mankind):""If you (really) love Allah, then follow me, Allah will love you...,""
meaning, what you will earn is much more than what you sought in loving Him, for Allah will love you.
Al-Hasan Al-Basri and several scholars among the Salaf commented,
""Some people claimed that they love Allah. So Allah tested them with this Ayah;
قُلۡ إِن كُنتُمۡ تُحِبُّونَ اللّهَ فَاتَّبِعُونِي يُحۡبِبۡكُمُ اللّهُ
(Say (O Muhammad to mankind):""If you (really) love Allah, then follow me, Allah will love you..."").""
Allah then said,
وَيَغۡفِرۡ لَكُمۡ ذُنُوبَكُمۡ وَاللّهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ
""And forgive you your sins. And Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.""
meaning, by your following the Messenger, you will earn all this with the blessing of his mission.
Allah next commands everyone
قُلۡ أَطِيعُواۡ اللّهَ وَالرَّسُولَ فإِن تَوَلَّوۡاۡ
Say:""Obey Allah and the Messenger."" But if they turn away,
by defying the Prophet,
فَإِنَّ اللّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ الۡكَافِرِينَ
then Allah does not like the disbelievers.
thus, testifying that defiance of the Messenger's way constitutes Kufr.
Indeed, Allah does not like whoever does this, even if he claims that he loves Allah and seeks a means of approach to Him, unless, and until, he follows the unlettered Prophet, the Final Messenger from Allah to the two creations:mankind and the Jinn.
This is the Prophet who, if the previous Prophets and mighty Messengers were to have been alive during his time, they would have no choice but to follow, obey him, and to abide by his Law. Allah willing, we will mention this fact when we explain the Ayah,
وَإِذۡ أَخَذَ اللّهُ مِيثَاقَ النَّبِيِّيۡنَ
(And (remember) when Allah took the Covenant of the Prophets). (3:81)"
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