Ayah

Word by Word
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا
O you who believe
ٱلَّذِينَ
O you who believe
ءَامَنُواْ
O you who believe
لِيَسۡتَـٔۡذِنكُمُ
Let ask your permission
ٱلَّذِينَ
those whom
مَلَكَتۡ
possess
أَيۡمَٰنُكُمۡ
your right hands
وَٱلَّذِينَ
and those who
لَمۡ
(have) not
يَبۡلُغُواْ
reached
ٱلۡحُلُمَ
puberty
مِنكُمۡ
among you
ثَلَٰثَ
(at) three
مَرَّـٰتٖۚ
times
مِّن
before
قَبۡلِ
before
صَلَوٰةِ
(the) prayer
ٱلۡفَجۡرِ
(of) dawn
وَحِينَ
and when
تَضَعُونَ
you put aside
ثِيَابَكُم
your garments
مِّنَ
at
ٱلظَّهِيرَةِ
noon
وَمِنۢ
and after
بَعۡدِ
and after
صَلَوٰةِ
(the) prayer
ٱلۡعِشَآءِۚ
(of) night
ثَلَٰثُ
(These) three
عَوۡرَٰتٖ
(are) times of privacy
لَّكُمۡۚ
for you
لَيۡسَ
Not
عَلَيۡكُمۡ
on you
وَلَا
and not
عَلَيۡهِمۡ
on them
جُنَاحُۢ
any blame
بَعۡدَهُنَّۚ
after that
طَوَّـٰفُونَ
(as) moving about
عَلَيۡكُم
among you
بَعۡضُكُمۡ
some of you
عَلَىٰ
among
بَعۡضٖۚ
others
كَذَٰلِكَ
Thus
يُبَيِّنُ
Allah makes clear
ٱللَّهُ
Allah makes clear
لَكُمُ
for you
ٱلۡأٓيَٰتِۗ
the Verses
وَٱللَّهُ
and Allah
عَلِيمٌ
(is) All-Knower
حَكِيمٞ
All-Wise
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا
O you who believe
ٱلَّذِينَ
O you who believe
ءَامَنُواْ
O you who believe
لِيَسۡتَـٔۡذِنكُمُ
Let ask your permission
ٱلَّذِينَ
those whom
مَلَكَتۡ
possess
أَيۡمَٰنُكُمۡ
your right hands
وَٱلَّذِينَ
and those who
لَمۡ
(have) not
يَبۡلُغُواْ
reached
ٱلۡحُلُمَ
puberty
مِنكُمۡ
among you
ثَلَٰثَ
(at) three
مَرَّـٰتٖۚ
times
مِّن
before
قَبۡلِ
before
صَلَوٰةِ
(the) prayer
ٱلۡفَجۡرِ
(of) dawn
وَحِينَ
and when
تَضَعُونَ
you put aside
ثِيَابَكُم
your garments
مِّنَ
at
ٱلظَّهِيرَةِ
noon
وَمِنۢ
and after
بَعۡدِ
and after
صَلَوٰةِ
(the) prayer
ٱلۡعِشَآءِۚ
(of) night
ثَلَٰثُ
(These) three
عَوۡرَٰتٖ
(are) times of privacy
لَّكُمۡۚ
for you
لَيۡسَ
Not
عَلَيۡكُمۡ
on you
وَلَا
and not
عَلَيۡهِمۡ
on them
جُنَاحُۢ
any blame
بَعۡدَهُنَّۚ
after that
طَوَّـٰفُونَ
(as) moving about
عَلَيۡكُم
among you
بَعۡضُكُمۡ
some of you
عَلَىٰ
among
بَعۡضٖۚ
others
كَذَٰلِكَ
Thus
يُبَيِّنُ
Allah makes clear
ٱللَّهُ
Allah makes clear
لَكُمُ
for you
ٱلۡأٓيَٰتِۗ
the Verses
وَٱللَّهُ
and Allah
عَلِيمٌ
(is) All-Knower
حَكِيمٞ
All-Wise
Translation

O ye who believe! let those whom your right hands possess, and the (children) among you who have not come of age ask your permission (before they come to your presence), on three occasions: before morning prayer; the while ye doff your clothes for the noonday heat; and after the late-night prayer: these are your three times of undress: outside those times it is not wrong for you or for them to move about attending to each other: Thus does Allah make clear the Signs to you: for Allah is full of knowledge and wisdom.
Tafsir

O you who believe, let those whom your right hands own, of male slaves and female slaves, and those of you who have not reached puberty, from among the free men, and who have not become [sexually] aware of women, ask leave of you three times: at three times [of the day]: before the dawn prayer, and when you put off your garments at noon, and after the night prayer. [These are] three periods of privacy for you (read thalaathu ['awraatin lakum] with nominative inflection as the predicate of an implied subject followed by a genitive annexation, with the annexed term standing in place thereof [of the predicate], in other words [the implied predicate followed by the annexation is] hiya awqaat, 'these are times of .'; or read thalaatha ['awraatin lakum] in the accusative, the implication being that awqaata is itself in the accusative as a substitute for the [syntactical] status of what precedes it, in place of which stands the annexed term). It is because clothes are taken off that private parts are revealed during such [periods]. Neither you nor they, namely, slaves and young boys, would be at fault, in entering upon you without asking leave, at other times, that is, after the three times of day [specified]; they frequent you, to provide service, [as] some of you [do] with others (this sentence corroborates the preceding one). So, just as He has clarified what has been mentioned, God clarifies for you the signs, the rulings; and God is Knower, of the affairs of His creatures, Wise, in what He has ordained for them. It is said that the 'permission' verse (aayat al-isti'idhaan) was abrogated; but it is also said that it was not [abrogated], but that people thought little of neglecting to seek permission [in such situations].
The Times when Servants and Young Children should seek Permission to enter
Allah commands the believers:
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ امَنُوا لِيَسۡتَأۡذِنكُمُ الَّذِينَ مَلَكَتۡ أَيۡمَانُكُمۡ وَالَّذِينَ لَمۡ يَبۡلُغُوا الۡحُلُمَ مِنكُمۡ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ مِن قَبۡلِ صَلَاةِ الۡفَجۡرِ
O you who believe!
Let your slaves and slave-girls, and those among you who have not come to the age of puberty ask your permission on three occasions:
before the Fajr prayer,
These Ayat include a discussion of how people who are closely related should seek permission to enter upon one another.
What was mentioned earlier in the Surah had to do with how unrelated people should seek permission to enter upon one another.
Allah commanded the believers to ensure that their servants and their children who have not yet reached puberty should seek permission at three times:
the first is before the Fajr prayer, because people are asleep in their beds at that time.
وَحِينَ تَضَعُونَ ثِيَابَكُم مِّنَ الظَّهِيرَةِ
and while you put off your clothes during the afternoon,
means, at the time of rest, because a man may be in a state of undress with his wife at that time.
وَمِن بَعۡدِ صَلَةِ الۡعِشَاء
and after the `Isha' prayer.
because this is the time for sleep.
Servants and children are commanded not to enter upon household members at these times, because it is feared that a man may be in an intimate situation with his wife and so on.
Allah says:
ثَلَثُ عَوۡرَاتٍ لَّكُمۡ لَيۡسَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ وَلَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ جُنَاحٌ بَعۡدَهُنَّ
(These) three (times) are of privacy for you; other than these times there is no sin on you or on them,
If they enter at a time other than these, there is no sin on you if you let them enter, and no sin on them if they see something at a time other than these times.
They have been given permission to enter suddenly, because they are those who go around in the house, i.e., to serve you etc., and as such they may be forgiven for things that others will not be forgiven.
Although this Ayah is quite clear and has not been abrogated, people hardly follow it, and Abdullah bin Abbas denounced the people for that.
Abu Dawud recorded that Ibn Abbas said:
Most of the people do not follow it, the Ayah that speaks about asking permission, but I tell my servant woman to seek permission to enter.
Abu Dawud said:
Ata' also narrated that Ibn Abbas commanded this.
Ath-Thawri narrated that Musa bin Abi A'ishah said,
I asked Ash-Sha`bi (about the Ayah):
لِيَسۡتَأۡذِنكُمُ الَّذِينَ مَلَكَتۡ أَيۡمَانُكُمۡ
(Let your slaves and slave-girls ask your permission).
He said, `It has not been abrogated.'
I said:`But the people do not do that.'
He said, `May Allah help them.'
طَوَّافُونَ عَلَيۡكُم بَعۡضُكُمۡ عَلَى بَعۡضٍ
to move about, attending to each other.
كَذَلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ اللَّهُ لَكُمُ الاۡيَاتِ وَاللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ
Thus Allah makes clear the Ayat to you. And Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.
Then Allah says
وَإِذَا بَلَغَ الاۡإَطۡفَالُ مِنكُمُ الۡحُلُمَ فَلۡيَسۡتَأۡذِنُوا كَمَا اسۡتَأۡذَنَ الَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡ
And when the children among you come to puberty, then let them (also) ask for permission, as those senior to them (in age),
meaning:when the children who used to seek permission at the three times of privacy reach puberty, then they have to seek permission at all times, i.e., with regard to those who are non-relatives, and at times when a man may be in a state of intimacy with his wife, even if it is not one of the three times stated above.
كَذَلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ اللَّهُ لَكُمۡ ايَاتِهِ وَاللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ
Thus Allah makes clear His Ayat for you. And Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.
There is no Sin on Elderly Women if They do not wear a Cloak
Allah says
وَالۡقَوَاعِدُ مِنَ النِّسَاء
And the Qawa`id among women.
Sa`id bin Jubayr, Muqatil bin Hayyan, Ad-Dahhak and Qatadah said that;
these are the women who no longer think that they can bear children,
اللَّتِي لَا يَرۡجُونَ نِكَاحًا
who do not hope for marriage,
meaning, they no longer have any desire for marriage,
فَلَيۡسَ عَلَيۡهِنَّ جُنَاحٌ أَن يَضَعۡنَ ثِيَابَهُنَّ غَيۡرَ مُتَبَرِّجَاتٍ بِزِينَةٍ
it is no sin on them if they discard their (outer) clothing in such a way as not to show their adornment.
meaning, they do not have to cover themselves in the same way that other women have to.
Abu Dawud recorded that Ibn Abbas said that;
the Ayah:
وَقُل لِّلۡمُوۡمِنَاتِ يَغۡضُضۡنَ مِنۡ أَبۡصَارِهِنَّ
(And tell the believing women to lower their gaze) (24:31), was abrogated and an exception was made in the case of:
وَالۡقَوَاعِدُ مِنَ النِّسَاء اللَّتِي لَاا يَرۡجُونَ نِكَاحًا
(the past childbearing among women who do not hope for marriage).
فَلَيۡسَ عَلَيۡهِنَّ جُنَاحٌ أَن يَضَعۡنَ ثِيَابَهُنَّ
it is no sin on them if they discard their (outer) clothing,
Ibn Mas`ud said about (outer) clothing,
The Jilbab or Rida'.
A similar view was also narrated from Ibn Abbas, Ibn Umar, Mujahid, Sa`id bin Jubayr, Abu Ash-Sha`tha', Ibrahim An-Nakha`i, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, Az-Zuhri, Al-`Awza`i and others.
غَيۡرَ مُتَبَرِّجَاتٍ بِزِينَةٍ
in such a way as not to show their adornment.
Sa`id bin Jubayr said,
They should not make a wanton display of themselves by removing their outer garment so that their adornment may be seen.
وَأَن يَسۡتَعۡفِفۡنَ خَيۡرٌ لَّهُنَّ
But to refrain is better for them.
means, not removing their outer garment, even though that is permissible for them, is better for them.
وَاللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ
And Allah is All-Hearer, All-Knower.
Not yet available. It requires resources to add this interpretation.
Not yet available. It requires resources to add this interpretation.
Not yet available. It requires resources to add this interpretation.
Not yet available. It requires resources to add this interpretation.
Not yet available. It requires resources to add this interpretation.
Not yet available. It requires resources to add this interpretation.
Not yet available. It requires resources to add this interpretation.
Not yet available. It requires resources to add this interpretation.