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Ayah
Word by Word
قُل
Say
لِّلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ
to the believing men
يَغُضُّواْ
they should lower
مِنۡ
their gaze
أَبۡصَٰرِهِمۡ
their gaze
وَيَحۡفَظُواْ
and they should guard
فُرُوجَهُمۡۚ
their chastity
ذَٰلِكَ
That
أَزۡكَىٰ
(is) purer
لَهُمۡۚ
for them
إِنَّ
Indeed
ٱللَّهَ
Allah
خَبِيرُۢ
(is) All-Aware
بِمَا
of what
يَصۡنَعُونَ
they do
قُل
Say
لِّلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ
to the believing men
يَغُضُّواْ
they should lower
مِنۡ
their gaze
أَبۡصَٰرِهِمۡ
their gaze
وَيَحۡفَظُواْ
and they should guard
فُرُوجَهُمۡۚ
their chastity
ذَٰلِكَ
That
أَزۡكَىٰ
(is) purer
لَهُمۡۚ
for them
إِنَّ
Indeed
ٱللَّهَ
Allah
خَبِيرُۢ
(is) All-Aware
بِمَا
of what
يَصۡنَعُونَ
they do
Translation
Say to the believing men that they should lower their gaze and guard their modesty: that will make for greater purity for them: And Allah is well acquainted with all that they do.
Tafsir
Tell believing men to lower their gaze, from what is unlawful for them to look at (min [of min absaarihim, 'their gaze'] is extra) and to guard their private parts, from doing with them what is unlawful [for them to do]. That is purer, in other words, better, for them. Truly God is Aware of what they do, with their gazes and private parts, and He will requite them for it.
The Command to lower the Gaze
This is a command from Allah to His believing servants, to lower their gaze from looking at things that have been prohibited for them. They should look only at what is permissible for them to look at, and lower their gaze from forbidden things. If it so happens that a person's gaze unintentionally falls upon something forbidden, he should quickly look away.
Muslim recorded in his Sahih that Jarir bin Abdullah Al-Bajali, may Allah be pleased with him, said,
I asked the Prophet about the sudden glance, and he commanded me to turn my gaze away.
In the Sahih it is narrated that Abu Sa`id said that the Messenger of Allah said:
إِيَّاكُمۡ وَالۡجُلُوسَ عَلَى الطُّرُقَاتِ
Beware of sitting in the streets.
They said, O Messenger of Allah, we have no alternative but to sit in the streets to converse with one another.
The Messenger of Allah said:
إِنۡ أَبَيۡتُمۡ فَأَعۡطُوا الطَّرِيقَ حَقَّهُ
If you insist, then give the street its rights.
They asked, What are the rights of the street, O Messenger of Allah!
He said,
غَضُّ الۡبَصَرِ وَكَفُّ الاَۡذَى وَرَدُّ السَّلَمِ وَالاَۡمۡرُ بِالۡمَعۡرُوفِ وَالنَّهۡيُ عَنِ الۡمُنۡكَرِ
Lower your gaze,
return the greeting of Salam,
enjoin what is good and forbid what is evil.
Abu Al-Qasim Al-Baghawi recorded that Abu Umamah said,
I heard the Messenger of Allah say:
اكۡفُلُوا لِي سِتًّا أَكۡفُلۡ لَكُمۡ بِالۡجَنَّةِ
إِذَا حَدَّث أَحَدُكُمۡ فَلَ يَكۡذِبۡ
وَإِذَا ايۡتُمِنَ فَلَإ يَخُنۡ
وَإِذَا وَعَدَ فَلَإ يُخۡلِفۡ
وَغُضُّوا أَبۡصَارَكُمۡ
وَكُفُّوا أَيۡدِيَكُمۡ
وَاحۡفَظُوا فُرُوجَكُمۡ
Guarantee me six things and I will guarantee you Paradise:
when any one of you speaks, he should not lie;
if he is entrusted with something, he should not betray that trust;
if he makes a promise, he should not break it;
lower your gaze;
restrain your hands; and
protect your private parts.
Since looking provokes the heart to evil, Allah commanded (the believers) to protect their private parts just as he commanded them to protect their gaze which can lead to that.
So He said:
قُل لِّلۡمُوۡمِنِينَ يَغُضُّوا مِنۡ أَبۡصَارِهِمۡ وَيَحۡفَظُوا فُرُوجَهُمۡ
Tell the believing men to lower their gaze, and protect their private parts.
Sometimes protecting the private parts may involve keeping them from committing Zina, as Allah says:
وَالَّذِينَ هُمۡ لِفُرُوجِهِمۡ حَـفِظُونَ
And those who guard their chastity. (23:5)
Sometimes it may involve not looking at certain things, as in the Hadith in Musnad Ahmad and the Sunan:
احۡفَظۡ عَوۡرَتَكَ إِلاَّ مِنۡ زَوۡجَتِكَ أَوۡ مَا مَلَكَتۡ يَمِينُكَ
Guard your private parts except from your wife and those whom your right hands possess.
ذَلِكَ أَزۡكَى لَهُمۡ
That is purer for them.
means, it is purer for their hearts and better for their commitment to religion, as it was said:
Whoever protects his gaze, Allah will illuminate his understanding, or his heart.
إِنَّ اللَّهَ خَبِيرٌ بِمَا يَصۡنَعُونَ
Verily, Allah is All-Aware of what they do.
This is like the Ayah :
يَعۡلَمُ خَأيِنَةَ الاٌّعۡيُنِ وَمَا تُخۡفِى الصُّدُورُ
Allah knows the fraud of the eyes and all that the breasts conceal. (40:19)
In the Sahih it is recorded that Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, said that the Messenger of Allah said:
كُتِبَ عَلَى ابۡنِ ادَمَ حَظُّهُ مِنَ الزِّنَا أَدۡرَكَ ذَلِكَ لَا مَحَالَةَ فَزِنَا الۡعَيۡنَيۡنِ النَّظَرُ وَزِنَا اللِّسَانِ النُّطۡقُ وَزِنَا الاُۡذُنَيۡنِ الاۡسۡتِمَاعُ وَزِنَا الۡيَدَيۡنِ الۡبَطۡشُ وَزِنَا الرِّجۡلَيۡنِ الۡخُطَى وَالنَّفۡسُ تَمَنَّى وَتَشۡتَهِي وَالۡفَرۡجُ يُصَدِّقُ ذَلِكَ أَوۡ يُكَذِّبُهُ
The son of Adam has his share of Zina decreed for him, and he will commit that which has been decreed.
The Zina of the eyes is looking;
the Zina of the tongue is speaking;
the Zina of the ears is listening;
the Zina of the hands is striking; and
the Zina of the feet is walking.
The soul wishes and desires, and the private parts confirm or deny that.
It was recorded by Al-Bukhari without a complete chain.
Muslim recorded a similar report with a different chain of narration.
Many of the Salaf said,
They used to forbid men from staring at beardless handsome boys.
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