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Ayah
Word by Word
أَيَعِدُكُمۡ
Does he promise you
أَنَّكُمۡ
that you
إِذَا
when
مِتُّمۡ
you are dead
وَكُنتُمۡ
and you become
تُرَابٗا
dust
وَعِظَٰمًا
and bones
أَنَّكُم
that you
مُّخۡرَجُونَ
(will be) brought forth
أَيَعِدُكُمۡ
Does he promise you
أَنَّكُمۡ
that you
إِذَا
when
مِتُّمۡ
you are dead
وَكُنتُمۡ
and you become
تُرَابٗا
dust
وَعِظَٰمًا
and bones
أَنَّكُم
that you
مُّخۡرَجُونَ
(will be) brought forth
Translation
"Does he promise that when ye die and become dust and bones, ye shall be brought forth (again)?
Tafsir
Does he promise you that when you have died and become dust and bones, you shall be brought forth? (mukhrajoona, this is the predicate of the first annakum, 'that . you'; the second annakum [simply] reiterates it because of the long separation [between the subject and its predicate]).
The Story of `Ad or Thamud
Allah tells:
ثُمَّ أَنشَأۡنَا مِن بَعۡدِهِمۡ قَرۡنًا اخَرِينَ
فَأَرۡسَلۡنَا فِيهِمۡ رَسُولاًأ مِنۡهُمۡ أَنِ اعۡبُدُوا اللَّهَ مَا لَكُم مِّنۡ إِلَهٍ غَيۡرُهُ أَفَلَأ تَتَّقُونَ
وَقَالَ الۡمَلَُ مِن قَوۡمِهِ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَكَذَّبُوا بِلِقَاء الاۡخِرَةِ وَأَتۡرَفۡنَاهُمۡ فِي الۡحَيَاةِ الدُّنۡيَا مَا هَذَا إِلاَّ بَشَرٌ مِّثۡلُكُمۡ يَأۡكُلُ مِمَّا تَأۡكُلُونَ مِنۡهُ وَيَشۡرَبُ مِمَّا تَشۡرَبُونَ
وَلَيِنۡ أَطَعۡتُم بَشَرًا مِثۡلَكُمۡ إِنَّكُمۡ إِذًا لَّخَاسِرُونَ
Then, after them, We created another generation. And We sent to them a Messenger from among themselves (saying):Worship Allah! You have no other God but Him. Will you not then have Taqwa!
And the chiefs of his people who disbelieved and denied the meeting in the Hereafter, and whom We had given the luxuries and comforts of worldly life, said:He is no more than a human being like you, he eats of that which you eat, and drinks of what you drink. If you were to obey a human being like yourselves, then verily, you indeed would be losers.
Allah tells us that after the people of Nuh, He created another nation.
It was said that this was `Ad, because they were the successors of the people of Nuh.
Or it was said that they were Thamud, because Allah says:
فَأَخَذَتۡهُمُ الصَّيۡحَةُ بِالۡحَقِّ
(So, the Sayhah overtook them in truth).
Allah sent to them a Messenger from among themselves, and he called them to worship Allah Alone with no partner or associate, but they belied him, opposed him and refused to follow him because he was a human being like them, and they refused to follow a human Messenger. They did not believe in the meeting with Allah on the Day of Resurrection and they denied the idea of physical resurrection.
They said:
أَيَعِدُكُمۡ أَنَّكُمۡ إِذَا مِتُّمۡ وَكُنتُمۡ تُرَابًا وَعِظَامًا أَنَّكُم مُّخۡرَجُونَ
هَيۡهَاتَ هَيۡهَاتَ لِمَا تُوعَدُونَ
Does he promise you that when you have died and have become dust and bones, you shall come out alive (resurrected)! Far, very far is that which you are promised!
meaning, very unlikely.
إِنۡ هِيَ إِلاَّ حَيَاتُنَا الدُّنۡيَا نَمُوتُ وَنَحۡيَا وَمَا نَحۡنُ بِمَبۡعُوثِينَ
There is nothing but our life of this world! We die and we live! And we are not going to be resurrected!
إِنۡ هُوَ إِلاَّ رَجُلٌ افۡتَرَى عَلَى اللَّهِ كَذِبًا
He is only a man who has invented a lie against Allah,
meaning, `in the Message he has brought to you, and his warnings and promise of resurrection.'
وَمَا نَحۡنُ لَهُ بِمُوۡمِنِينَ
قَالَ رَبِّ انصُرۡنِي بِمَا كَذَّبُونِ
and we are not going to believe in him.
He said:O my Lord! Help me because they deny me.
meaning, the Messenger prayed against his people and asked his Lord to help him against them.
His Lord answered his prayer:
قَالَ عَمَّا قَلِيلٍ لَيُصۡبِحُنَّ نَادِمِينَ
(Allah) said:In a little while, they are sure to be regretful.
meaning, `for their opposition towards you and their stubborn rejection of the Message you brought to them.'
فَأَخَذَتۡهُمُ الصَّيۡحَةُ بِالۡحَقِّ
So, The Sayhah overtook them in truth,
meaning, they deserved that from Allah because of their disbelief and wrongdoing. The apparent meaning is that the Sayhah was combined with the furious cold wind,
تُدَمِّرُ كُلَّ شَىۡءٍ بِأَمۡرِ رَبِّهَا فَأۡصۡبَحُواۡ لَا يُرَى إِلاَّ مَسَـكِنُهُمۡ
Destroying everything by the command of its Lord! So they became such that nothing could be seen except their dwellings! (46:25)
...
فَجَعَلۡنَاهُمۡ غُثَاء
and We made them as rubbish of dead plants.
means, they are dead and destroyed, like the scum and rubbish left by a flood, i.e., something insignificant and useless that is of no benefit to anyone.
...
فَبُعۡدًا لِّلۡقَوۡمِ الظَّالِمِينَ
So, away with the people who are wrongdoers.
As Allah's statement:
وَمَا ظَلَمۡنَـهُمۡ وَلَـكِن كَانُواۡ هُمُ الظَّـلِمِينَ
We wronged them not, but they were the wrongdoers. (43:76)
means, who are wrongdoers because of their disbelief and stubborn opposition to the Messenger of Allah, so let those who hear this beware of disbelieving in their Messengers.
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