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Ayah
Word by Word
كُلُّ
Every
نَفۡسٖ
soul
ذَآئِقَةُ
(will) taste
ٱلۡمَوۡتِۗ
[the] death
وَنَبۡلُوكُم
And We test you
بِٱلشَّرِّ
with [the] bad
وَٱلۡخَيۡرِ
and [the] good
فِتۡنَةٗۖ
(as) a trial
وَإِلَيۡنَا
and to Us
تُرۡجَعُونَ
you will be returned
كُلُّ
Every
نَفۡسٖ
soul
ذَآئِقَةُ
(will) taste
ٱلۡمَوۡتِۗ
[the] death
وَنَبۡلُوكُم
And We test you
بِٱلشَّرِّ
with [the] bad
وَٱلۡخَيۡرِ
and [the] good
فِتۡنَةٗۖ
(as) a trial
وَإِلَيۡنَا
and to Us
تُرۡجَعُونَ
you will be returned
Translation
Every soul will taste death. And We test you with evil and with good as trial; and to Us you will be returned.
Tafsir
Every soul shall taste death, in this world, and We will try you, We will test you, with ill and good, such as poverty and wealth, sickness and health, as an ordeal (fitnatan, an object denoting reason, in other words, for the purpose of seeing whether you will be patient and give thanks or not). And then unto Us you shall be brought back, that We may requite you.
No One has been granted Immortality in this World
Allah tells:
وَمَا جَعَلْنَا لِبَشَرٍ مِّن قَبْلِكَ
And We granted not to any human being immortality before you;
means, O Muhammad.
الْخُلْدَ
immortality,
means, in this world.
On the contrary,
كُلُّ مَنْ عَلَيْهَا فَانٍ
وَيَبْقَى وَجْهُ رَبِّكَ ذُو الْجَلْـلِ وَالاِكْرَامِ
Whatsoever is on it (the earth) will perish. And the Face of your Lord full of majesty and honor will remain forever. (55:26-27)
أَفَإِن مِّتَّ
then if you die,
means, O Muhammad,
فَهُمُ الْخَالِدُونَ
would they live forever!
means, they hope that they will live forever after you, but that will not happen; everything will pass away.
So Allah says:
كُلُّ نَفْسٍ ذَايِقَةُ الْمَوْتِ
Everyone is going to taste death,
...
وَنَبْلُوكُم بِالشَّرِّ وَالْخَيْرِ فِتْنَةً
and We shall test you with evil and with good by way of trial.
Meaning, We shall test you, sometimes with difficulties and sometimes with ease, to see who will give thanks and who will be ungrateful, who will have patience and who will despair.
Ali bin Abi Talhah reported from Ibn Abbas:
وَنَبْلُوكُم
(and We shall test you) means,
We will test you,
بِالشَّرِّ وَالْخَيْرِ فِتْنَةً
(with evil and with good by way of trial) means,
with difficulties and with times of prosperity, with health and sickness, with richness and poverty, with lawful and unlawful, obedience and sin, with guidance and misguidance.
...
وَإِلَيْنَا تُرْجَعُونَ
And to Us you will be returned.
means, and We will requite you according to your deeds
How the Idolators mocked the Prophet, Allah tells His Prophet
Allah says:
وَإِذَا رَاكَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا
And when those who disbelieved see you,
meaning, the disbelievers of the Quraysh, such as Abu Jahl and his like.
إِن يَتَّخِذُونَكَ إِلاَّ هُزُوًا
they take you not except for mockery,
means, they make fun of you and insult you, saying,
أَهَذَا الَّذِي يَذْكُرُ الِهَتَكُمْ
Is this the one who talks about your gods!
meaning, is this the one who insults your gods and ridicules your intelligence!
Allah says:
وَهُم بِذِكْرِ الرَّحْمَنِ هُمْ كَافِرُونَ
While they disbelieve at the mention of the Most Gracious.
meaning, they disbelieve in Allah and yet they mock the Messenger of Allah.
As Allah says:
وَإِذَا رَأَوْكَ إِن يَتَّخِذُونَكَ إِلاَّ هُزُواً أَهَـذَا الَّذِى بَعَثَ اللَّهُ رَسُولاً
إِن كَادَ لَيُضِلُّنَا عَنْ ءَالِهَتِنَا لَوْلَا أَن صَبْرَنَا عَلَيْهَا وَسَوْفَ يَعْلَمُونَ حِينَ يَرَوْنَ الْعَذَابَ مَنْ أَضَلُّ سَبِيلً
And when they see you, they treat you only in mockery (saying):Is this the one whom Allah has sent as a Messenger He would have nearly misled us from our gods, had it not been that we were patient and constant in their worship!
And they will know, when they see the torment, who it is that is most astray from the path! (25:41-42)
خُلِقَ الاِْنسَانُ مِنْ عَجَلٍ سَأُرِيكُمْ ايَاتِي فَلَ تَسْتَعْجِلُونِ
Man is created of haste. I will show you My Ayat. So ask Me not to hasten (them).
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