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Ayah
Word by Word
وَقَالُواْ
And they say
ٱتَّخَذَ
Has taken
ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنُ
the Most Gracious
وَلَدٗاۗ
a son
سُبۡحَٰنَهُۥۚ
Glorified is He!
بَلۡ
Nay
عِبَادٞ
(they are) slaves
مُّكۡرَمُونَ
honored
وَقَالُواْ
And they say
ٱتَّخَذَ
Has taken
ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنُ
the Most Gracious
وَلَدٗاۗ
a son
سُبۡحَٰنَهُۥۚ
Glorified is He!
بَلۡ
Nay
عِبَادٞ
(they are) slaves
مُّكۡرَمُونَ
honored
Translation
And they say: "(Allah) Most Gracious has begotten offspring." Glory to Him! they are (but) servants raised to honour.
Tafsir
And they say, 'The Compassionate One has taken a son', from the angels. Glory be to Him! Nay, but they are [merely] servants who are honoured, in His presence; for [the very] servitude [of all creatures to Him] is inconsistent with [the attribution of any of them as] progeny [of His].
The Refutation of Those Who claim that the Angels are the Daughters of Allah; description of their Deeds and Status
Allah says:
وَقَالُوا اتَّخَذَ الرَّحۡمَنُ وَلَدًا
And they say:The Most Gracious has begotten children.
Here Allah refutes those who claim that He has offspring among the angels -- exalted and sanctified be He. Some of the Arabs believed that the angels were the daughters of Allah, but Allah says:
سُبۡحَانَهُ بَلۡ عِبَادٌ مُّكۡرَمُونَ
Glory to Him! They are but honored servants.
meaning, the angels are servants of Allah who are honored by Him and who hold high positions of noble status. They obey Him to the utmost in all their words and deeds.
لَاا يَسۡبِقُونَهُ بِالۡقَوۡلِ وَهُم بِأَمۡرِهِ يَعۡمَلُونَ
They speak not until He has spoken, and they act on His command.
meaning, they do not initiate any matter before Him or go against His commands; on the contrary, they hasten to do as He commands, and He encompasses them with His knowledge so that nothing whatsoever is hidden from Him
يَعۡلَمُ مَا بَيۡنَ أَيۡدِيهِمۡ وَمَا خَلۡفَهُمۡ
He knows what is before them, and what is behind them,
وَلَا يَشۡفَعُونَ إِلاَّ لِمَنِ ارۡتَضَى
and they cannot intercede except for him with whom He is pleased.
This is like the Ayat:
مَن ذَا الَّذِى يَشۡفَعُ عِندَهُ إِلاَّ بِإِذۡنِهِ
Who is he that can intercede with Him except with His permission. (2:255)
وَلَا تَنفَعُ الشَّفَـعَةُ عِندَهُ إِلاَّ لِمَنۡ أَذِنَ لَهُ
Intercession with Him profits not except for him whom He permits. (34:23).
There are many Ayat which say similar things.
وَهُم مِّنۡ خَشۡيَتِهِ
And they for fear of Him,
means, because they fear Him.
مُشۡفِقُونَ
وَمَن يَقُلۡ مِنۡهُمۡ إِنِّي إِلَهٌ مِّن دُونِهِ
And they stand in awe. And if any of them should say:Verily, I am a god besides Him,
meaning, whoever claims to be a god instead of Allah, i.e., alongside Allah,
فَذَلِكَ نَجۡزِيهِ جَهَنَّمَ كَذَلِكَ نَجۡزِي الظَّالِمِينَ
such We should recompense with Hell. Thus We recompense the wrongdoers.
meaning, everyone who says this. This is a conditional sentence, and the condition stated does not necessarily have to take place.
This is like the Ayat:
قُلۡ إِن كَانَ لِلرَّحۡمَـنِ وَلَدٌ فَأَنَاۡ أَوَّلُ الۡعَـبِدِينَ
Say:If the Most Gracious had a son, then I am the first of worshippers. (43:81)
لَيِنۡ أَشۡرَكۡتَ لَيَحۡبَطَنَّ عَمَلُكَ وَلَتَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الۡخَـسِرِينَ
If you join others in worship with Allah, (then) surely, (all) your deeds will be in vain, and you will certainly be among the losers. (39:65)
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