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Ayah
Word by Word
إِنَّ
Indeed
ٱلَّذِينَ
those who
ءَامَنُواْ
believed
وَٱلَّذِينَ
and those who
هَادُواْ
became Jews
وَٱلنَّصَٰرَىٰ
and the Christians
وَٱلصَّـٰبِـِٔينَ
and the Sabians
مَنۡ
who
ءَامَنَ
believed
بِٱللَّهِ
in Allah
وَٱلۡيَوۡمِ
and the Day
ٱلۡأٓخِرِ
[the] Last
وَعَمِلَ
and did
صَٰلِحٗا
righteous deeds
فَلَهُمۡ
so for them
أَجۡرُهُمۡ
(is) their reward
عِندَ
with
رَبِّهِمۡ
their Lord
وَلَا
and no
خَوۡفٌ
fear
عَلَيۡهِمۡ
on them
وَلَا
and not
هُمۡ
they
يَحۡزَنُونَ
will grieve
إِنَّ
Indeed
ٱلَّذِينَ
those who
ءَامَنُواْ
believed
وَٱلَّذِينَ
and those who
هَادُواْ
became Jews
وَٱلنَّصَٰرَىٰ
and the Christians
وَٱلصَّـٰبِـِٔينَ
and the Sabians
مَنۡ
who
ءَامَنَ
believed
بِٱللَّهِ
in Allah
وَٱلۡيَوۡمِ
and the Day
ٱلۡأٓخِرِ
[the] Last
وَعَمِلَ
and did
صَٰلِحٗا
righteous deeds
فَلَهُمۡ
so for them
أَجۡرُهُمۡ
(is) their reward
عِندَ
with
رَبِّهِمۡ
their Lord
وَلَا
and no
خَوۡفٌ
fear
عَلَيۡهِمۡ
on them
وَلَا
and not
هُمۡ
they
يَحۡزَنُونَ
will grieve
Translation
Those who believe (in the Qur'an), and those who follow the Jewish (scriptures), and the Christians and the Sabians,- any who believe in Allah and the Last Day, and work righteousness, shall have their reward with their Lord; on them shall be no fear, nor shall they grieve.
Tafsir
Surely those who believe, [who believed] before, in the prophets, and those of Jewry, the Jews, and the Christians, and the Sabaeans, a Christian or Jewish sect, whoever, from among them, believes in God and the Last Day, in the time of our Prophet, and performs righteous deeds, according to the Law given to him - their wage, that is, the reward for their deeds, is with their Lord, and no fear shall befall them, neither shall they grieve (the [singular] person of the verbs aamana, 'believes', and 'amila, 'performs', takes account of the [singular] form of man, 'whoever', but in what comes afterwards [of the plural pronouns] its [plural] meaning [is taken into account]).
"Taking the Covenant from the Jews
Allah tells;
وَإِذۡ أَخَذۡنَا مِيثَاقَكُمۡ وَرَفَعۡنَا فَوۡقَكُمُ الطُّورَ خُذُواۡ مَا اتَيۡنَاكُم بِقُوَّةٍ وَاذۡكُرُواۡ مَا فِيهِ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَتَّقُونَ
And (O Children of Isra'il, remember) when We took your covenant and We raised above you the Mount (saying):""Hold fast to that which We have given you, and remember that which is therein so that you may acquire Taqwa.
Allah reminded the Children of Israel of the pledges, covenants and promises that He took from them to believe in Him alone, without a partner, and follow His Messengers. Allah stated that when He took their pledge from them, He raised the mountain above their heads, so that they affirm the pledge that they gave Allah and abide by it with sincerity and seriousness. Hence, Allah's statement,
وَإِذ نَتَقۡنَا الۡجَبَلَ فَوۡقَهُمۡ كَأَنَّهُ ظُلَّةٌ وَظَنُّواۡ أَنَّهُ وَاقِعٌ بِهِمۡ خُذُواۡ مَأ ءَاتَيۡنَاكُم بِقُوَّةٍ وَاذۡكُرُواۡ مَا فِيهِ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَتَّقُونَ
And (remember) when We raised the mountain over them as if it had been a canopy, and they thought that it was going to fall on them. (We said):""Hold firmly to what We have given you (Tawrah), and remember that which is therein (act on its commandments), so that you may fear Allah and obey Him."" (7:171).
The mount mentioned here is At-Tur, just as it was explained in Surah Al-A`raf, according to the Tafsir of Ibn Abbas, Mujahid, Ata, Ikrimah, Al-Hasan, Ad-Dahhak, Ar-Rabi bin Anas and others. This is more obvious.
There is another report from Ibn Abbas saying;
`The Tur is a type of mountain that vegetation grows on, if no vegetation grows on it, it is not called Tur.'
And in the Hadith about the trials, Ibn Abbas said;
""When they (the Jews) refused to obey, Allah raised the mountain above their heads so that they would listen.""
Al-Hasan said that Allah's statement,
خُذُواۡ مَا اتَيۡنَاكُم بِقُوَّةٍ
(Hold fast to that which We have given you),
means, the Tawrah.
Mujahid said that the Ayah commanded,
""Strictly adhere to it.""
Abu Al-Aliyah and Ar-Rabi said that,
وَاذۡكُرُواۡ مَا فِيهِ
(and remember that which is therein) means,
""Read the Tawrah and implement it.""
Allah's statement
ثُمَّ تَوَلَّيۡتُم مِّن بَعۡدِ ذَلِكَ فَلَوۡلَا فَضۡلُ اللَّهِ
Then after that you turned away. Had it not been for the grace of Allah,
means, ""Yet, after the firm pledge that you gave, you still deviated and broke your pledge"";
فَلَوۡلَا فَضۡلُ اللَّهِ عَلَيۡكُمۡ وَرَحۡمَتُهُ
Had it not been for the grace and mercy of Allah upon you,
meaning, by forgiving you and by sending the Prophets and Messengers to you.
لَكُنتُم مِّنَ الۡخَاسِرِينَ
Indeed you would have been among the losers.
meaning, in this life and the Hereafter due to their breach of the covenant."
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