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Ayah

Word by Word
فَهَزَمُوهُم
So they defeated them
بِإِذۡنِ
by (the) permission
ٱللَّهِ
(of) Allah
وَقَتَلَ
and killed
دَاوُۥدُ
Dawood
جَالُوتَ
Jalut
وَءَاتَىٰهُ
and gave him
ٱللَّهُ
Allah
ٱلۡمُلۡكَ
the kingdom
وَٱلۡحِكۡمَةَ
and the wisdom
وَعَلَّمَهُۥ
and taught him
مِمَّا
that which
يَشَآءُۗ
He willed
وَلَوۡلَا
And if not
دَفۡعُ
(for the) repelling
ٱللَّهِ
(by) Allah
ٱلنَّاسَ
[the] people
بَعۡضَهُم
some of them
بِبَعۡضٖ
with others
لَّفَسَدَتِ
certainly (would have) corrupted
ٱلۡأَرۡضُ
the Earth
وَلَٰكِنَّ
[and] but
ٱللَّهَ
Allah
ذُو
(is) Possessor
فَضۡلٍ
(of) bounty
عَلَى
to
ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ
the worlds
فَهَزَمُوهُم
So they defeated them
بِإِذۡنِ
by (the) permission
ٱللَّهِ
(of) Allah
وَقَتَلَ
and killed
دَاوُۥدُ
Dawood
جَالُوتَ
Jalut
وَءَاتَىٰهُ
and gave him
ٱللَّهُ
Allah
ٱلۡمُلۡكَ
the kingdom
وَٱلۡحِكۡمَةَ
and the wisdom
وَعَلَّمَهُۥ
and taught him
مِمَّا
that which
يَشَآءُۗ
He willed
وَلَوۡلَا
And if not
دَفۡعُ
(for the) repelling
ٱللَّهِ
(by) Allah
ٱلنَّاسَ
[the] people
بَعۡضَهُم
some of them
بِبَعۡضٖ
with others
لَّفَسَدَتِ
certainly (would have) corrupted
ٱلۡأَرۡضُ
the Earth
وَلَٰكِنَّ
[and] but
ٱللَّهَ
Allah
ذُو
(is) Possessor
فَضۡلٍ
(of) bounty
عَلَى
to
ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ
the worlds

Translation

So they defeated them by permission of Allāh, and David killed Goliath, and Allāh gave him the kingship and wisdom [i.e., prophethood] and taught him from that which He willed. And if it were not for Allāh checking [some] people by means of others, the earth would have been corrupted, but Allāh is the possessor of bounty for the worlds.

Tafsir

And they routed, they broke, them, by the leave of God, by His will, and David, who was among the ranks of Saul's army, slew Goliath; and God gave him, David, the kingship, over the Israelites, and Wisdom, prophethood after the death of Samuel and Saul, and the combination [of kingship and prophethood] had never come to anyone before him; and He taught him such as He willed, of the manufacture of mail-coats and the speech of birds. Had God not repelled people some (ba'dahum, 'some', substitutes for [saying] ba'dan min al-naas, 'some people') by means of others the earth would have surely been corrupted, with idolaters defeating and slaying Muslims, and mosques being destroyed; but God is bounteous to all worlds, by repelling some by means of others.

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