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Ayah

Word by Word
وَٱلَّذِينَ
And those who
يُتَوَفَّوۡنَ
they die
مِنكُمۡ
among you
وَيَذَرُونَ
and leave behind
أَزۡوَٰجٗا
(their) wives
وَصِيَّةٗ
(should make) a will
لِّأَزۡوَٰجِهِم
for their wives
مَّتَٰعًا
provision
إِلَى
for
ٱلۡحَوۡلِ
the year
غَيۡرَ
without
إِخۡرَاجٖۚ
driving (them) out
فَإِنۡ
But if
خَرَجۡنَ
they leave
فَلَا
then no
جُنَاحَ
blame
عَلَيۡكُمۡ
upon you
فِي
in
مَا
what
فَعَلۡنَ
they do
فِيٓ
concerning
أَنفُسِهِنَّ
themselves
مِن
[of]
مَّعۡرُوفٖۗ
honorably
وَٱللَّهُ
And Allah
عَزِيزٌ
(is) All-Mighty
حَكِيمٞ
All-Wise
وَٱلَّذِينَ
And those who
يُتَوَفَّوۡنَ
they die
مِنكُمۡ
among you
وَيَذَرُونَ
and leave behind
أَزۡوَٰجٗا
(their) wives
وَصِيَّةٗ
(should make) a will
لِّأَزۡوَٰجِهِم
for their wives
مَّتَٰعًا
provision
إِلَى
for
ٱلۡحَوۡلِ
the year
غَيۡرَ
without
إِخۡرَاجٖۚ
driving (them) out
فَإِنۡ
But if
خَرَجۡنَ
they leave
فَلَا
then no
جُنَاحَ
blame
عَلَيۡكُمۡ
upon you
فِي
in
مَا
what
فَعَلۡنَ
they do
فِيٓ
concerning
أَنفُسِهِنَّ
themselves
مِن
[of]
مَّعۡرُوفٖۗ
honorably
وَٱللَّهُ
And Allah
عَزِيزٌ
(is) All-Mighty
حَكِيمٞ
All-Wise

Translation

And those who are taken in death among you and leave wives behind - for their wives is a bequest: maintenance for one year without turning [them] out. But if they leave [of their own accord], then there is no blame upon you for what they do with themselves in an acceptable way.1 And Allāh is Exalted in Might and Wise.
Footnotes
1 - This directive was abrogated by those later revealed in 2:234 and 4:12.

Tafsir

And those of you who die, leaving wives, let them, make testament (wasiyyatan, or wasiyyatun) for their wives, as an obligation, and give them provision, what they can enjoy of property and clothes, for, until the completion of, a year (mataa'an ilaa l-hawl, 'provision for a year', is a circumstantial qualifier), that is, without expelling them from their habitations; but if they go forth, of their own accord, you would not be at fault, [you] the guardians of the dead one, regarding what they may do with themselves honourably, in accordance with the Law, such as adorning themselves or abandoning the mourning, or that you should cut off their expenditure; God is Mighty, in His Kingdom, Wise, in His actions. The testament mentioned here was abrogated by the 'inheritance' verse [Q. 4:12], and the waiting of one year [without expulsion] was abrogated by the previous verse four months and ten [Q. 2:234] which was revealed later. In the opinion of al-Shaafi'ee, may God have mercy on him, the habitation remains hers.

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