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Ayah

Word by Word
لَّيۡسَ
It is not
ٱلۡبِرَّ
[the] righteousness
أَن
that
تُوَلُّواْ
you turn
وُجُوهَكُمۡ
your faces
قِبَلَ
towards
ٱلۡمَشۡرِقِ
the east
وَٱلۡمَغۡرِبِ
and the west
وَلَٰكِنَّ
[and] but
ٱلۡبِرَّ
the righteous[ness]
مَنۡ
(is he) who
ءَامَنَ
believes
بِٱللَّهِ
in Allah
وَٱلۡيَوۡمِ
and the Day
ٱلۡأٓخِرِ
[the] Last
وَٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةِ
and the Angels
وَٱلۡكِتَٰبِ
and the Book
وَٱلنَّبِيِّـۧنَ
and the Prophets
وَءَاتَى
and gives
ٱلۡمَالَ
the wealth
عَلَىٰ
in
حُبِّهِۦ
spite of his love (for it)
ذَوِي
(to) those
ٱلۡقُرۡبَىٰ
(of) the near relatives
وَٱلۡيَتَٰمَىٰ
and the orphans
وَٱلۡمَسَٰكِينَ
and the needy
وَٱبۡنَ
and (of)
ٱلسَّبِيلِ
the wayfarer
وَٱلسَّآئِلِينَ
and those who ask
وَفِي
and in
ٱلرِّقَابِ
freeing the necks (slaves)
وَأَقَامَ
and (who) establish
ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ
the prayer
وَءَاتَى
and give
ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ
the zakah
وَٱلۡمُوفُونَ
and those who fulfill
بِعَهۡدِهِمۡ
their covenant
إِذَا
when
عَٰهَدُواْۖ
they make it
وَٱلصَّـٰبِرِينَ
and those who are patient
فِي
in
ٱلۡبَأۡسَآءِ
[the] suffering
وَٱلضَّرَّآءِ
and [the] hardship
وَحِينَ
at (the) time
ٱلۡبَأۡسِۗ
(of) [the] stress
أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ
Those
ٱلَّذِينَ
(are) the ones who
صَدَقُواْۖ
are true
وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ
and those
هُمُ
[they]
ٱلۡمُتَّقُونَ
(are) the righteous
لَّيۡسَ
It is not
ٱلۡبِرَّ
[the] righteousness
أَن
that
تُوَلُّواْ
you turn
وُجُوهَكُمۡ
your faces
قِبَلَ
towards
ٱلۡمَشۡرِقِ
the east
وَٱلۡمَغۡرِبِ
and the west
وَلَٰكِنَّ
[and] but
ٱلۡبِرَّ
the righteous[ness]
مَنۡ
(is he) who
ءَامَنَ
believes
بِٱللَّهِ
in Allah
وَٱلۡيَوۡمِ
and the Day
ٱلۡأٓخِرِ
[the] Last
وَٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةِ
and the Angels
وَٱلۡكِتَٰبِ
and the Book
وَٱلنَّبِيِّـۧنَ
and the Prophets
وَءَاتَى
and gives
ٱلۡمَالَ
the wealth
عَلَىٰ
in
حُبِّهِۦ
spite of his love (for it)
ذَوِي
(to) those
ٱلۡقُرۡبَىٰ
(of) the near relatives
وَٱلۡيَتَٰمَىٰ
and the orphans
وَٱلۡمَسَٰكِينَ
and the needy
وَٱبۡنَ
and (of)
ٱلسَّبِيلِ
the wayfarer
وَٱلسَّآئِلِينَ
and those who ask
وَفِي
and in
ٱلرِّقَابِ
freeing the necks (slaves)
وَأَقَامَ
and (who) establish
ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ
the prayer
وَءَاتَى
and give
ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ
the zakah
وَٱلۡمُوفُونَ
and those who fulfill
بِعَهۡدِهِمۡ
their covenant
إِذَا
when
عَٰهَدُواْۖ
they make it
وَٱلصَّـٰبِرِينَ
and those who are patient
فِي
in
ٱلۡبَأۡسَآءِ
[the] suffering
وَٱلضَّرَّآءِ
and [the] hardship
وَحِينَ
at (the) time
ٱلۡبَأۡسِۗ
(of) [the] stress
أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ
Those
ٱلَّذِينَ
(are) the ones who
صَدَقُواْۖ
are true
وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ
and those
هُمُ
[they]
ٱلۡمُتَّقُونَ
(are) the righteous

Translation

Righteousness is not that you turn your faces toward the east or the west, but [true] righteousness is [in] one who believes in Allāh, the Last Day, the angels, the Book, and the prophets and gives wealth, in spite of love for it, to relatives, orphans, the needy, the traveler, those who ask [for help], and for freeing slaves; [and who] establishes prayer and gives zakāh; [those who] fulfill their promise when they promise; and [those who] are patient in poverty and hardship and during battle. Those are the ones who have been true, and it is those who are the righteous.

Tafsir

It is not piety, that you turn your faces, in prayer, to the East and to the West. This was revealed in response to the claim made by the Jews and the Christians to this effect. True piety, that is, the pious person (al-birr, is also read al-barr, in the sense of al-baarr ['the dutiful person']) is [that of] the one who believes in God and the Last Day and the angels and the Book, that is, the scriptures, and the prophets, and who gives of his substance, however, despite [it being], cherished, by him, to kinsmen and orphans and the needy and the traveller and beggars, and for, the setting free of, slaves, both the captive and the one to be manumitted by contract; and who observes prayer and pays the alms, that are obligatory, and what was [given] before [alms were made obligatory], in the way of charity; and those who fulfil their covenant when they have engaged in a covenant, with God or with others, those who endure with fortitude (al-saabireena is the accusative of laudation) misfortune (al-ba'saa' is abject poverty), hardship, illness, and peril, at the height of a battle in the way of God; these, described in the way mentioned, are the ones who are truthful, in their faith and in their claims to piety, and these are the ones who are fearful, of God.

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