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Ayah
Word by Word
فَلَعَلَّكَ
Then perhaps you would (be)
بَٰخِعٞ
the one who kills
نَّفۡسَكَ
yourself
عَلَىٰٓ
over
ءَاثَٰرِهِمۡ
their footsteps
إِن
if
لَّمۡ
not
يُؤۡمِنُواْ
they believe
بِهَٰذَا
in this
ٱلۡحَدِيثِ
[the] narration
أَسَفًا
(in) grief
فَلَعَلَّكَ
Then perhaps you would (be)
بَٰخِعٞ
the one who kills
نَّفۡسَكَ
yourself
عَلَىٰٓ
over
ءَاثَٰرِهِمۡ
their footsteps
إِن
if
لَّمۡ
not
يُؤۡمِنُواْ
they believe
بِهَٰذَا
in this
ٱلۡحَدِيثِ
[the] narration
أَسَفًا
(in) grief
Translation
Thou wouldst only, perchance, fret thyself to death, following after them, in grief, if they believe not in this Message.
Tafsir
Yet it may be that you will consume, destroy, yourself in their wake - following [your being with] them, that is, after they have left you - if they should not believe in this discourse, [in this] Qur'aan, out of grief, out of rage and anguish on your part, because of your eagerness that they believe (asafan, 'out of grief', is in the accusative because it functions as an object denoting reason).
"
Do not feel sorry because the Idolators do not believe
Allah consoles His Messenger for his sorrow over the idolators because they would not believe and keep away from him.
He also said:
فَلَ تَذۡهَبۡ نَفۡسُكَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ حَسَرَتٍ
So destroy not yourself in sorrow for them. (35:8)
وَلَا تَحۡزَنۡ عَلَيۡهِمۡ
And grieve not over them. (16:127)
لَعَلَّكَ بَـخِعٌ نَّفۡسَكَ أَلاَّ يَكُونُواۡ مُوۡمِنِينَ
It may be that you are going to kill yourself with grief, that they do not become believers. (26:3)
meaning, maybe you will destroy yourself with your grief over them.
Allah says:
فَلَعَلَّكَ بَاخِعٌ نَّفۡسَكَ عَلَى اثَارِهِمۡ إِن لَّمۡ يُوۡمِنُوا بِهَذَا الۡحَدِيثِ
Perhaps, you would kill yourself in grief, over their footsteps, because they believe not in this narration.
meaning the Qur'an.
أَسَفًا
in grief.
Allah is saying, `do not destroy yourself with regret.'
Qatadah said:
""killing yourself with anger and grief over them.""
Mujahid said:
""with anxiety.""
These are synonymous, so the meaning is:
`Do not feel sorry for them, just convey the Message of Allah to them. Whoever goes the right way, then he goes the right way only for the benefit of himself. And whoever goes astray, then he strays at his own loss, so do not destroy yourself in sorrow for them.'
This World is the Place of Trial
Then Allah tells us that He has made this world a temporary abode, adorned with transient beauty, and He made it a place of trial, not a place of settlement. So He says:
إِنَّا جَعَلۡنَا مَا عَلَى الاَۡرۡضِ زِينَةً لَّهَا لِنَبۡلُوَهُمۡ أَيُّهُمۡ أَحۡسَنُ عَمَلً
Verily, we have made that which is on earth an adornment for it, in order that We may test which of them are best in deeds.
Abu Maslamah narrated from Abu Nadrah from Abu Sa`id that the Messenger of Allah said:
إِنَّ الدُّنۡيَا حُلۡوَةٌ خَضِرَةٌ وَإِنَّ اللهَ مُسۡتَخۡلِفُكُمۡ فِيهَا فَنَاظِرٌ مَاذَا تَعۡمَلُونَ فَاتَّقُوا الدُّنۡيَا وَاتَّقُوا النِّسَاءَ فَإِنَّ أَوَّلَ فِتۡنَةِ بَنِي إِسۡرَايِيلَ كَانَتۡ فِي النِّسَاء
This world is sweet and green, and Allah makes you generations succeeding one another, so He is watching what you will do. Beware of (the beguilements of) this world and beware of women, for the first affliction that Children of Israel suffered from was that of women.
Then Allah tells us that this world will pass away and come to an end, as He says:
وَإِنَّا لَجَاعِلُونَ مَا عَلَيۡهَا صَعِيدًا جُرُزًا
And verily, We shall make all that is on it bare, dry soil.
means, `after having adorned it, We will destroy it and make everything on it bare and dry, with no vegetation or any other benefit.'
Al-Awfi reported from Ibn Abbas that;
this means everything on it would be wiped out and destroyed.
Mujahid said:
""a dry and barren plain.""
Qatadah said,
""A plain on which there are no trees or vegetation."
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