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Ayah
Word by Word
وَإِن
And indeed
كَادُواْ
they were about (to)
لَيَفۡتِنُونَكَ
tempt you away
عَنِ
from
ٱلَّذِيٓ
that which
أَوۡحَيۡنَآ
We revealed
إِلَيۡكَ
to you
لِتَفۡتَرِيَ
that you invent
عَلَيۡنَا
about Us
غَيۡرَهُۥۖ
other (than) it
وَإِذٗا
And then
لَّٱتَّخَذُوكَ
surely they would take you
خَلِيلٗا
(as) a friend
وَإِن
And indeed
كَادُواْ
they were about (to)
لَيَفۡتِنُونَكَ
tempt you away
عَنِ
from
ٱلَّذِيٓ
that which
أَوۡحَيۡنَآ
We revealed
إِلَيۡكَ
to you
لِتَفۡتَرِيَ
that you invent
عَلَيۡنَا
about Us
غَيۡرَهُۥۖ
other (than) it
وَإِذٗا
And then
لَّٱتَّخَذُوكَ
surely they would take you
خَلِيلٗا
(as) a friend
Translation
And their purpose was to tempt thee away from that which We had revealed unto thee, to substitute in our name something quite different; (in that case), behold! they would certainly have made thee (their) friend!
Tafsir
The following was revealed regarding the [tribe of] Thaqeef, for they had asked him [the Prophet] may peace and salutation be upon him to declare their valley inviolable and implored him [to grant them this request]: And indeed (wa-in, [the particle in is] softened) they were about to, they nearly did, beguile you away from that which We revealed to you, so that you might invent against Us [something] other than that; and then, had you done that, they would have taken you as a friend.
How the Prophet would have been punished if He had given in at all to the Disbelievers' Demands that He change some of the Revelation
Allah tells us that;
How He supported His Prophet and protected him and kept him safe from the evil plots of the wicked transgressors.
Allah is the One Who took care of him and helped him, and would not leave him to any of His creation.
He is the One Who is His Helper, Supporter and Protector, the One Who is to help him achieve victory and make His religion prevail over those who resist him and oppose him and fight him in the east and in the west.
May Allah send peace and blessings upon him until the Day of Judgement
The Reason why these Ayat were revealed
Allah said:
وَإِن كَادُواۡ لَيَسۡتَفِزُّونَكَ مِنَ الَارۡضِ لِيُخۡرِجوكَ مِنۡهَا وَإِذًا لاَّ يَلۡبَثُونَ خِلفَكَ إِلاَّ قَلِيلً
And verily, they were about to frighten you so much as to drive you out from the land. But in that case, they would not have stayed (therein) after you, except for a little while.
This was revealed concerning the disbelievers among the Quraysh, when they wanted to expel the Messenger of Allah from among themselves. So Allah issued a warning to them in this Ayah, telling them that if they expelled him, they would not stay in Makkah for very long after that. And this is what happened after he migrated from them when their persecution became so intense. Only a year and a half after that, Allah brought him and them together on the battlefield of Badr, without any pre-arranged appointment, and He caused him to prevail over them and defeat them, so he killed their leaders and took their families as captives.
Hence Allah said:
.
سُنَّةَ مَن قَدۡ أَرۡسَلۡنَا
قَبۡلَكَ مِن رُّسُلِنَا وَلَا تَجِدُ لِسُنَّتِنَا تَحۡوِيلً
A Sunnah with which We sentOur Messengers before you and you will not find any alteration in Our Sunnah.
meaning this is what We usually do to those who reject Our Messengers and persecute them by driving the Messenger out from among themselves - the punishment comes to them. If it were not for the fact that the Prophet was the Messenger of Mercy, vengeance would have come upon them such as had never been seen before in this world.
So Allah says:
وَمَا كَانَ اللَّهُ لِيُعَذِّبَهُمۡ وَأَنتَ فِيهِمۡ
And Allah would not punish them while you are among them. (8:33)
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