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Ayah

Word by Word
إِنۡ
If
أَحۡسَنتُمۡ
you do good
أَحۡسَنتُمۡ
you do good
لِأَنفُسِكُمۡۖ
for yourselves
وَإِنۡ
and if
أَسَأۡتُمۡ
you do evil
فَلَهَاۚ
then it is for it
فَإِذَا
So when
جَآءَ
came
وَعۡدُ
promise
ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ
the last
لِيَسُـُٔواْ
to sadden
وُجُوهَكُمۡ
your faces
وَلِيَدۡخُلُواْ
and to enter
ٱلۡمَسۡجِدَ
the Masjid
كَمَا
just as
دَخَلُوهُ
they (had) entered it
أَوَّلَ
first
مَرَّةٖ
time
وَلِيُتَبِّرُواْ
and to destroy
مَا
what
عَلَوۡاْ
they had conquered
تَتۡبِيرًا
(with) destruction
إِنۡ
If
أَحۡسَنتُمۡ
you do good
أَحۡسَنتُمۡ
you do good
لِأَنفُسِكُمۡۖ
for yourselves
وَإِنۡ
and if
أَسَأۡتُمۡ
you do evil
فَلَهَاۚ
then it is for it
فَإِذَا
So when
جَآءَ
came
وَعۡدُ
promise
ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ
the last
لِيَسُـُٔواْ
to sadden
وُجُوهَكُمۡ
your faces
وَلِيَدۡخُلُواْ
and to enter
ٱلۡمَسۡجِدَ
the Masjid
كَمَا
just as
دَخَلُوهُ
they (had) entered it
أَوَّلَ
first
مَرَّةٖ
time
وَلِيُتَبِّرُواْ
and to destroy
مَا
what
عَلَوۡاْ
they had conquered
تَتۡبِيرًا
(with) destruction

Translation

[And said], "If you do good, you do good for yourselves; and if you do evil, [you do it] to them [i.e., yourselves]." Then when the final [i.e., second] promise came, [We sent your enemies] to sadden your faces and to enter the masjid [i.e., the temple in Jerusalem], as they entered it the first time, and to destroy what they had taken over with [total] destruction.

Tafsir

And We said: 'If you are virtuous, through [acts of] obedience, you are being virtuous to your own souls, since the reward thereof is for them [your souls]; and if you do evil, by way of [working] corruption, it is for them', your evildoing. So when the time, the occasion, for the other [prophecy] comes, We will raise them forth, that they might ravage you, make you grieve through [their] slaying and taking captive [of you], a grief that will be manifest on your faces, and that they might enter the Temple, the Holy House [of Jerusalem], and destroy it, just as they entered it, and destroyed it, the first time, and that they might destroy, lay waste, all that they conquered, [all that] they gained ascendancy over, utterly, with an utter wasting. They indeed wrought corruption a second time when they slew [the prophet] John. Thus Nebuchadnezzar was roused against them, and so he slew thousands of them and took their children captive and destroyed the Holy House [of Jerusalem].

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