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Ayah
Word by Word
وَيَدۡعُ
And prays
ٱلۡإِنسَٰنُ
the man
بِٱلشَّرِّ
for evil
دُعَآءَهُۥ
(as) he prays
بِٱلۡخَيۡرِۖ
for the good
وَكَانَ
And is
ٱلۡإِنسَٰنُ
the man
عَجُولٗا
ever hasty
وَيَدۡعُ
And prays
ٱلۡإِنسَٰنُ
the man
بِٱلشَّرِّ
for evil
دُعَآءَهُۥ
(as) he prays
بِٱلۡخَيۡرِۖ
for the good
وَكَانَ
And is
ٱلۡإِنسَٰنُ
the man
عَجُولٗا
ever hasty
Translation
The prayer that man should make for good, he maketh for evil; for man is given to hasty (deeds).
Tafsir
And man prays for ill, against himself and his family when he is frustrated, as [avidly as] he prays for good. And mankind is ever hasty, to pray against himself, without contemplating the consequence thereof.
"Praising the Qur'an
Allah praises His noble Book,
إِنَّ هَـذَا الۡقُرۡانَ يِهۡدِي لِلَّتِي هِيَ أَقۡوَمُ
Verily, this Qur'an guides to that which is most just and right
Allah praises His noble Book, the Qur'an, which He revealed to His Messenger Muhammad. It directs people to the best and clearest of ways.
وَيُبَشِّرُ الۡمُوۡمِنِينَ
and gives good news to those who believe, (in it)
الَّذِينَ يَعۡمَلُونَ الصَّالِحَاتِ
those who do righteous deeds,
in accordance with it, telling them,
أَنَّ لَهُمۡ أَجۡرًا كَبِيرًا
that they will have a great reward,
i.e., on the Day of Resurrection.
And He tells
وأَنَّ الَّذِينَ لاأَ يُوۡمِنُونَ بِالاأخِرَةِ
those who do not believe in the Hereafter,
أَعۡتَدۡنَا
We have prepared
لَهُمۡ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا
for them is a painful torment,
i.e. on the Day of Resurrection.
As Allah says:
فَبَشِّرۡهُمۡ بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ
then announce to them a painful torment. (84:24)
Man's Haste and Prayers against Himself
Allah tells;
وَيَدۡعُ الاِنسَانُ بِالشَّرِّ دُعَاءهُ بِالۡخَيۡرِ
And man invokes (Allah) for evil as he invokes (Allah) for good and man is ever hasty.
Allah tells us about man's haste and how he sometimes prays against himself or his children or his wealth, praying for something bad to happen for them, or for them to die or be destroyed, invoking curses, etc. If Allah were to answer his prayer, he would be destroyed because of it, as Allah says:
وَلَوۡ يُعَجِّلُ اللَّهُ لِلنَّاسِ الشَّرَّ
And were Allah to hasten for mankind the evil... (10:11)
This is how it was interpreted by Ibn Abbas, Mujahid and Qatadah.
We have already discussed the Hadith:
لَاا تَدۡعُوا عَلَى أَنۡفُسِكُمۡ وَلَاا عَلَى أَمۡوَالِكُمۡ أَنۡ تُوَافِقُوا مِنَ اللهِ سَاعَةَ إِجَابَةٍ يَسۡتَجِيبُ فِيهَا
Do not pray against yourselves or your wealth, for that might coincide with a time when Allah answers prayers.
What makes the son of Adam do that is his anxiety and haste.
Allah says:
وَكَانَ الاِنسَانُ عَجُولاً
And man is ever hasty.
Salman Al-Farisi and Ibn Abbas mentioned the story of Adam, when he wanted to get up before his soul reached his feet.
When his soul was breathed into him, it entered his body from his head downwards. When it reached his brain he sneezed, and said,
""Al-Hamdu Lillah"" (praise be to Allah),
and Allah said, ""May your Lord have mercy on you, O Adam.""
When it reached his eyes, he opened them, and when it reached his body and limbs he started to stare at them in wonder.
He wanted to get up before it reached his feet, but he could not.
He said, ""O Lord, make it happen before night comes."""
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