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Ayah
Word by Word
ضَرَبَ
Allah sets forth
ٱللَّهُ
Allah sets forth
مَثَلًا
the example
عَبۡدٗا
(of) a slave
مَّمۡلُوكٗا
(who is) owned
لَّا
not
يَقۡدِرُ
he has power
عَلَىٰ
on
شَيۡءٖ
anything
وَمَن
and (one) whom
رَّزَقۡنَٰهُ
We provided him
مِنَّا
from Us
رِزۡقًا
a provision
حَسَنٗا
good
فَهُوَ
so he
يُنفِقُ
spends
مِنۡهُ
from it
سِرّٗا
secretly
وَجَهۡرًاۖ
and publicly
هَلۡ
Can
يَسۡتَوُۥنَۚ
they be equal
ٱلۡحَمۡدُ
All praise
لِلَّهِۚ
(is) for Allah
بَلۡ
Nay
أَكۡثَرُهُمۡ
but most of them
لَا
(do) not
يَعۡلَمُونَ
know
ضَرَبَ
Allah sets forth
ٱللَّهُ
Allah sets forth
مَثَلًا
the example
عَبۡدٗا
(of) a slave
مَّمۡلُوكٗا
(who is) owned
لَّا
not
يَقۡدِرُ
he has power
عَلَىٰ
on
شَيۡءٖ
anything
وَمَن
and (one) whom
رَّزَقۡنَٰهُ
We provided him
مِنَّا
from Us
رِزۡقًا
a provision
حَسَنٗا
good
فَهُوَ
so he
يُنفِقُ
spends
مِنۡهُ
from it
سِرّٗا
secretly
وَجَهۡرًاۖ
and publicly
هَلۡ
Can
يَسۡتَوُۥنَۚ
they be equal
ٱلۡحَمۡدُ
All praise
لِلَّهِۚ
(is) for Allah
بَلۡ
Nay
أَكۡثَرُهُمۡ
but most of them
لَا
(do) not
يَعۡلَمُونَ
know
Translation
Allah sets forth the Parable (of two men: one) a slave under the dominion of another; He has no power of any sort; and (the other) a man on whom We have bestowed goodly favours from Ourselves, and he spends thereof (freely), privately and publicly: are the two equal? (By no means;) praise be to Allah. But most of them understand not.
Tafsir
God strikes a similitude (mathalan, this is substituted by [the following, 'abdan mamlookan]) a slave who is a chattel (mamlookan, an adjective to distinguish him [this type of slave] from a free man, who is the servant of God [alone]) having no power over anything, since he has no mastery, and one on whom (man, is an indefinite [noun], adjectivally qualified, in other words, a free man) We have bestowed a fair provision from Us, such that he spends thereof secretly and openly, that is, disposing of it as he wishes: the first similitude is for the idols, while the second is His, exalted be He. Are they equal?, the powerless slaves and the dispensing free men? No. Praise belongs to God, alone. But most of them, that is, the people of Mecca, do not know, the chastisement they will come to, and so they associate others with God.
"The Example of the Believer and the Disbeliever, or the Idol and the True God
Allah tells:
ضَرَبَ اللّهُ مَثَلً عَبۡدًا مَّمۡلُوكًا لاَّ يَقۡدِرُ عَلَى شَيۡءٍ وَمَن رَّزَقۡنَاهُ مِنَّا رِزۡقًا حَسَنًا فَهُوَ يُنفِقُ مِنۡهُ سِرًّا وَجَهۡرًا هَلۡ يَسۡتَوُونَ
16:75 Allah gives the example of a servant under the possession of another, he has no power of any sort, and a man on whom We have bestowed good provisions from Us, and he spends from that secretly and openly. Can they be equal (By no means).
Al-Awfi reported that Ibn Abbas said:
""This is the example which Allah gives of the disbeliever and the believer.""
This was also the view of Qatadah and Ibn Jarir.
The servant who has no power over anything is like the disbeliever, and the one who is given good provisions and spends of them secretly and openly is like the believer.
Ibn Abi Najih reported that Mujahid said:
""This is an example given of the idol and the True God - can they be the same!"" Once the difference between them is so clear and so obvious, no one can be unaware of it except the one who is foolish.
Allah says:
الۡحَمۡدُ لِلّهِ بَلۡ أَكۡثَرُهُمۡ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ
All the praises and thanks are to Allah.
Nay! (But) most of them know not."
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