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Ayah

Word by Word
ضَرَبَ
Allah sets forth
ٱللَّهُ
Allah sets forth
مَثَلًا
the example
عَبۡدٗا
(of) a slave
مَّمۡلُوكٗا
(who is) owned
لَّا
not
يَقۡدِرُ
he has power
عَلَىٰ
on
شَيۡءٖ
anything
وَمَن
and (one) whom
رَّزَقۡنَٰهُ
We provided him
مِنَّا
from Us
رِزۡقًا
a provision
حَسَنٗا
good
فَهُوَ
so he
يُنفِقُ
spends
مِنۡهُ
from it
سِرّٗا
secretly
وَجَهۡرًاۖ
and publicly
هَلۡ
Can
يَسۡتَوُۥنَۚ
they be equal
ٱلۡحَمۡدُ
All praise
لِلَّهِۚ
(is) for Allah
بَلۡ
Nay
أَكۡثَرُهُمۡ
but most of them
لَا
(do) not
يَعۡلَمُونَ
know
ضَرَبَ
Allah sets forth
ٱللَّهُ
Allah sets forth
مَثَلًا
the example
عَبۡدٗا
(of) a slave
مَّمۡلُوكٗا
(who is) owned
لَّا
not
يَقۡدِرُ
he has power
عَلَىٰ
on
شَيۡءٖ
anything
وَمَن
and (one) whom
رَّزَقۡنَٰهُ
We provided him
مِنَّا
from Us
رِزۡقًا
a provision
حَسَنٗا
good
فَهُوَ
so he
يُنفِقُ
spends
مِنۡهُ
from it
سِرّٗا
secretly
وَجَهۡرًاۖ
and publicly
هَلۡ
Can
يَسۡتَوُۥنَۚ
they be equal
ٱلۡحَمۡدُ
All praise
لِلَّهِۚ
(is) for Allah
بَلۡ
Nay
أَكۡثَرُهُمۡ
but most of them
لَا
(do) not
يَعۡلَمُونَ
know

Translation

Allāh presents an example: a slave [who is] owned and unable to do a thing and he to whom We have provided from Us good provision, so he spends from it secretly and publicly. Can they be equal? Praise to Allāh! But most of them do not know.

Tafsir

God strikes a similitude (mathalan, this is substituted by [the following, 'abdan mamlookan]) a slave who is a chattel (mamlookan, an adjective to distinguish him [this type of slave] from a free man, who is the servant of God [alone]) having no power over anything, since he has no mastery, and one on whom (man, is an indefinite [noun], adjectivally qualified, in other words, a free man) We have bestowed a fair provision from Us, such that he spends thereof secretly and openly, that is, disposing of it as he wishes: the first similitude is for the idols, while the second is His, exalted be He. Are they equal?, the powerless slaves and the dispensing free men? No. Praise belongs to God, alone. But most of them, that is, the people of Mecca, do not know, the chastisement they will come to, and so they associate others with God.

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