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Ayah
Word by Word
وَمَآ
And not
أَنزَلۡنَا
We revealed
عَلَيۡكَ
to you
ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ
the Book
إِلَّا
except
لِتُبَيِّنَ
that you make clear
لَهُمُ
to them
ٱلَّذِي
that which
ٱخۡتَلَفُواْ
they differed
فِيهِ
in it
وَهُدٗى
and (as) a guidance
وَرَحۡمَةٗ
and mercy
لِّقَوۡمٖ
for a people
يُؤۡمِنُونَ
who believe
وَمَآ
And not
أَنزَلۡنَا
We revealed
عَلَيۡكَ
to you
ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ
the Book
إِلَّا
except
لِتُبَيِّنَ
that you make clear
لَهُمُ
to them
ٱلَّذِي
that which
ٱخۡتَلَفُواْ
they differed
فِيهِ
in it
وَهُدٗى
and (as) a guidance
وَرَحۡمَةٗ
and mercy
لِّقَوۡمٖ
for a people
يُؤۡمِنُونَ
who believe
Translation
And We have not revealed to you the Book, [O Muḥammad], except for you to make clear to them that wherein they have differed and as guidance and mercy for a people who believe.
Tafsir
And We have not revealed to you, O Muhammad may peace and salutation be upon him, the Book, Al-Qur'an, except [for the purpose] that you may make clear to them, to mankind, that wherein they differ, in the matter of religion, and as a guidance (wa-hudan is a supplement to wa-li-tubayyina, 'and that you may make clear') and as a mercy for a people who believe, in it.
Finding Consolation in the Reminder of Those Who came before
Allah says,
تَاللّهِ لَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا إِلَى أُمَمٍ مِّن قَبْلِكَ فَزَيَّنَ لَهُمُ الشَّيْطَانُ أَعْمَالَهُمْ
By Allah, We indeed sent (Messengers) to the nations before you, but Shaytan made their deeds seeming fair to them.
Allah says, `He sent Messengers to the nations of the past, and they were rejected. You, O Muhammad, have an example in your brothers among the Messengers, so do not be distressed by your people's rejection. As for the idolators' rejection of the Messengers, the reason for this is that the Shaytan made their deeds attractive to them.'
فَهُوَ وَلِيُّهُمُ الْيَوْمَ
So today he (Shaytan) is their helper,
meaning they will be suffering punishment while Shaytan is their only helper, and he cannot save them, so they have no one to answer their calls for help,
وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ
and theirs will be a painful torment.
The Reason why the Qur'an was revealed
Allah says,
وَمَا أَنزَلْنَا عَلَيْكَ الْكِتَابَ إِلاَّ لِتُبَيِّنَ لَهُمُ الَّذِي اخْتَلَفُواْ فِيهِ
And We have not revealed the Book to you, except that you may clearly explain to them those things in which they differ,
Allah says to His Messenger that He has revealed the Book to him to explain the truth to mankind in matters which they dispute over. So the Qur'an is a decisive arbitrator for every issue that they argue about.
وَهُدًى
and (as) a guidance,
meaning, for their hearts.
وَرَحْمَةً
and a mercy,
meaning, for the one who adheres to it.
لِّقَوْمٍ يُوْمِنُونَ
for a people who believe
وَاللّهُ أَنزَلَ مِنَ الْسَّمَاء مَاء فَأَحْيَا بِهِ الَارْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا
And Allah sends water down from the sky, then He revives the earth with it after its death.
Just as Allah causes the Qur'an to bring life to hearts that were dead from disbelief, so He brings the earth to life after it has died, by sending down water from the sky.
إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لايَةً لِّقَوْمٍ يَسْمَعُونَ
Surely that is a sign for people who listen.
meaning those who understand the words and their meanings.
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