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Ayah
Word by Word
ثُمَّ
Then
إِذَا
when
كَشَفَ
He removes
ٱلضُّرَّ
the adversity
عَنكُمۡ
from you
إِذَا
behold!
فَرِيقٞ
A group
مِّنكُم
of you
بِرَبِّهِمۡ
with their Lord
يُشۡرِكُونَ
associate others
ثُمَّ
Then
إِذَا
when
كَشَفَ
He removes
ٱلضُّرَّ
the adversity
عَنكُمۡ
from you
إِذَا
behold!
فَرِيقٞ
A group
مِّنكُم
of you
بِرَبِّهِمۡ
with their Lord
يُشۡرِكُونَ
associate others
Translation
Yet, when He removes the distress from you, behold! some of you turn to other gods to join with their Lord-
Tafsir
Then when He has rid you of the misfortune, behold, a group of you attribute partners to their Lord,
"
Allah Alone is Deserving of Worship
Allah tells:
وَقَالَ اللّهُ لَا تَتَّخِذُواۡ إِلـهَيۡنِ اثۡنَيۡنِ إِنَّمَا هُوَ إِلهٌ وَاحِدٌ فَإيَّايَ فَارۡهَبُونِ
وَلَهُ مَا فِي الۡسَّمَاوَاتِ وَالَارۡضِ وَلَهُ الدِّينُ وَاصِبًا أَفَغَيۡرَ اللّهِ تَتَّقُونَ
And Allah said ""Do not worship two gods. Indeed, He (Allah) is only One God. Then fear Me Alone.To Him belongs all that is in the heavens and the earth and the religion.
Allah tells us that there is no god but He, and that no one else should be worshipped except Him, alone, without partners, for He is the Sovereign, Creator, and Lord of all things.
وَلَهُ الدِّينُ وَاصِبًا
His is the religion Wasiba,
Ibn Abbas, Mujahid, Ikrimah, Maymun bin Mahran, As-Suddi, Qatadah and others said that;
this means forever.
It was also reported that Ibn Abbas said,
""It means obligatory.""
Mujahid said:
""It means purely for Him,""
i.e., worship is due to Him Alone, from whoever is in the heavens and on earth.
As Allah says:
أَفَغَيۡرَ دِينِ اللَّهِ يَبۡغُونَ وَلَهُ أَسۡلَمَ مَن فِى السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرۡضِ طَوۡعًا وَكَرۡهًا وَإِلَيۡهِ يُرۡجَعُونَ
Do they seek other than the religion of Allah, while to Him submitted all creatures in the heavens and the earth, willingly or unwillingly. And to Him shall they all be returned. (3:83)
This is in accordance with the opinion of Ibn Abbas and Ikrimah, which is that this Ayah is merely stating the case.
According to the opinion of Mujahid,
it is by way of instruction, i.e., it is saying:You had better fear associating partners in worship with Me, and be sincere in your obedience to Me.
As Allah says:
أَلَا لِلَّهِ الدِّينُ الۡخَالِصُ
Surely, the pure religion (sincere devotion) is for Allah only. (39:3)
Then Allah tells
وَمَا بِكُم مِّن نِّعۡمَةٍ فَمِنَ اللّهِ
And whatever of blessings and good things you have, it is from Allah.
Allah tells us that He is the One Who has the power to benefit and harm, and that the provisions, blessings, good health and help, His servants enjoy are from His bounty and graciousness towards them.
ثُمَّ إِذَا مَسَّكُمُ الضُّرُّ فَإِلَيۡهِ تَجۡأَرُونَ
Then, when harm touches you, to Him you cry aloud for help.
meaning because you know that none has the power to remove that harm except for Him, so when you are harmed, you turn to ask Him for help and beg Him for aid.
As Allah says:
وَإِذَا مَسَّكُمُ الۡضُّرُّ فِى الۡبَحۡرِ ضَلَّ مَن تَدۡعُونَ إِلَا إِيَّاهُ فَلَمَّا نَجَّـكُمۡ إِلَى الۡبَرِّ أَعۡرَضۡتُمۡ وَكَانَ الاِنۡسَـنُ كَفُورًا
And when harm touches you at sea, those that you call upon vanish, except for Him. But when He brings you safe to land, you turn away. And man is ever ungrateful. (17:67)
Here, Allah tells us:
ثُمَّ إِذَا كَشَفَ الضُّرَّ عَنكُمۡ إِذَا فَرِيقٌ مِّنكُم بِرَبِّهِمۡ يُشۡرِكُونَ
لِيَكۡفُرُواۡ بِمَا اتَيۡنَاهُمۡ
Then, when He has removed the harm from you, behold! some of you associate others in worship with their Lord (Allah). So they are ungrateful for that which We have given them!
It was said that the Lam here (translated as ""So"") is an indicator of sequence, or that it serves an explanatory function,
meaning, `We decreed that they would conceal the truth and deny the blessings that Allah has bestowed upon them. He is the One Who bestows blessings and the One Who removes distress.'
Then Allah threatens them, saying:
فَتَمَتَّعُواۡ
Then enjoy yourselves,
meaning, do what you like and enjoy what you have for a little while.
فَسَوۡفَ تَعۡلَمُونَ
but you will soon come to know.
meaning the consequences of that."
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