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Ayah
Word by Word
أَوَلَمۡ
Have not
يَرَوۡاْ
they seen
إِلَىٰ
[towards]
مَا
what
خَلَقَ
Allah has created
ٱللَّهُ
Allah has created
مِن
from
شَيۡءٖ
a thing
يَتَفَيَّؤُاْ
Incline
ظِلَٰلُهُۥ
their shadows
عَنِ
to
ٱلۡيَمِينِ
the right
وَٱلشَّمَآئِلِ
and to the left
سُجَّدٗا
prostrating
لِّلَّهِ
to Allah
وَهُمۡ
while they
دَٰخِرُونَ
(are) humble
أَوَلَمۡ
Have not
يَرَوۡاْ
they seen
إِلَىٰ
[towards]
مَا
what
خَلَقَ
Allah has created
ٱللَّهُ
Allah has created
مِن
from
شَيۡءٖ
a thing
يَتَفَيَّؤُاْ
Incline
ظِلَٰلُهُۥ
their shadows
عَنِ
to
ٱلۡيَمِينِ
the right
وَٱلشَّمَآئِلِ
and to the left
سُجَّدٗا
prostrating
لِّلَّهِ
to Allah
وَهُمۡ
while they
دَٰخِرُونَ
(are) humble
Translation
Have they not considered what things Allāh has created? Their shadows incline to the right and to the left, prostrating to Allāh, while they [i.e., those creations] are humble.
Tafsir
Or have they not observed the things which God has created, which cast a shadow, such as trees or a mountain, how their shadows incline to the right and to the left (shamaa'il is the plural of shimaal), in other words, towards both sides, at the beginning of the day and at its end, prostrating to God (sujjadan is a circumstantial qualifier), that is to say, subservient to Him with respect to what is required of them, and [how] they, the shadows, are subject?, humbled: they [the shadows] are likened to rational beings [in this description].
"
Everything prostrates to Allah
Allah says:
أَوَ لَمْ يَرَوْاْ إِلَى مَا خَلَقَ اللّهُ مِن شَيْءٍ يَتَفَيَّأُ ظِلَلُهُ عَنِ الْيَمِينِ وَالْشَّمَأيِلِ سُجَّدًا لِلّهِ وَهُمْ دَاخِرُونَ
Have they not observed things that Allah has created:(how) their shadows shift from right to left, prostrating to Allah, while they are humble!
Allah informs us about His might, majesty and pride, meaning that all things submit themselves to Him and every created being - animate and inanimate, as well as the responsible - humans and Jinns, and the angels - all humble themselves before Him.
He tells us that everything that has a shadow leaning to the right and the left, i.e., in the morning and the evening, is by its shadow, prostrating to Allah.
Mujahid said,
""When the sun passes its zenith, everything prostrates to Allah, may He be glorified.""
This was also said by Qatadah, Ad-Dahhak and others.
وَهُمْ دَاخِرُونَ
while they are humble,
means, they are in a state of humility.
Mujahid also said:
""The prostration of every thing is its shadow,""
and he mentioned the mountains and said that their prostrations are their shadows.
Abu Ghalib Ash-Shaybani said:
""The waves of the sea are its prayers.""
It is as if reason is attributed to these inanimate objects when they are described as prostrating, so Allah says
وَلِلّهِ يَسْجُدُ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الَارْضِ مِن دَابَّةٍ
And to Allah prostrate all that are in the heavens and all that are in the earth, of the moving creatures,
As Allah says:
وَللَّهِ يَسْجُدُ مَن فِى السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضِ طَوْعًا وَكَرْهًا وَظِلَـلُهُم بِالْغُدُوِّ وَالاٌّصَالِ
And to Allah (alone) all who are in the heavens and the earth fall in prostration, willingly or unwillingly, and so do their shadows in the mornings and in the afternoons. (13:15)
وَالْمَليِكَةُ وَهُمْ لَا يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ
and the angels, and they are not proud.
means, they prostrate to Allah and are not too proud to worship Him
يَخَافُونَ رَبَّهُم مِّن فَوْقِهِمْ
They fear their Lord above them,
means, they prostrate out of fear of their Lord, may He be glorified.
وَيَفْعَلُونَ مَا يُوْمَرُونَ
and they do what they are commanded.
meaning they continually obey Allah, doing what He tells them to do and avoiding that which He forbids."
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