Ayah

Word by Word
هَلۡ
Do
يَنظُرُونَ
they wait
إِلَّآ
except
أَن
that
تَأۡتِيَهُمُ
(should) come to them
ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ
the Angels
أَوۡ
or
يَأۡتِيَ
(should) come
أَمۡرُ
(the) Command
رَبِّكَۚ
(of) your Lord
كَذَٰلِكَ
Thus
فَعَلَ
did
ٱلَّذِينَ
those who
مِن
(were) before them
قَبۡلِهِمۡۚ
(were) before them
وَمَا
And not
ظَلَمَهُمُ
wronged them
ٱللَّهُ
Allah
وَلَٰكِن
but
كَانُوٓاْ
they were
أَنفُسَهُمۡ
themselves
يَظۡلِمُونَ
wronging
هَلۡ
Do
يَنظُرُونَ
they wait
إِلَّآ
except
أَن
that
تَأۡتِيَهُمُ
(should) come to them
ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ
the Angels
أَوۡ
or
يَأۡتِيَ
(should) come
أَمۡرُ
(the) Command
رَبِّكَۚ
(of) your Lord
كَذَٰلِكَ
Thus
فَعَلَ
did
ٱلَّذِينَ
those who
مِن
(were) before them
قَبۡلِهِمۡۚ
(were) before them
وَمَا
And not
ظَلَمَهُمُ
wronged them
ٱللَّهُ
Allah
وَلَٰكِن
but
كَانُوٓاْ
they were
أَنفُسَهُمۡ
themselves
يَظۡلِمُونَ
wronging
Translation

Do the (ungodly) wait until the angels come to them, or there comes the Command of thy Lord (for their doom)? So did those who went before them. But Allah wronged them not: nay, they wronged their own souls.
Tafsir

Do they, the disbelievers, await anything but that the angels should come to them (read [feminine person] ta'teehim or [masculine] ya'teehim) to seize their spirits, or that there should come your Lord's command?, chastisement, or the resurrection that entails it. So, just as these have done, did those before them, from among the [former] communities: they denied their messengers and were therefore destroyed. And God did not wrong them, destroying them for no sin, but they used to wrong themselves, through disbelief.
"
The Disbelievers' Refrain from Faith means that They were simply awaiting Punishment
Allah says:
هَلۡ يَنظُرُونَ إِلاَّ أَن تَأۡتِيَهُمُ الۡمَليِكَةُ أَوۡ يَأۡتِيَ أَمۡرُ رَبِّكَ
Are they but waiting for the angels to come to them, or there comes the command of your Lord!
Threatening the idolators for their persistence in falsehood and their conceited delusions about this world, Allah says:Are these people waiting only for the angels to come and take their souls!
Qatadah said:
أَوۡ يَأۡتِيَ أَمۡرُ رَبِّكَ
(Or there comes the command of your Lord),
""means the Day of Resurrection and the terror that they will go through.""
كَذَلِكَ فَعَلَ الَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡ
Thus did those before them.
means, thus did their predecessors and those who were like them among the idolators persist in their Shirk, until they tasted the wrath of Allah and experienced the punishment and torment that they suffered.
وَمَا ظَلَمَهُمُ اللّهُ
And Allah did not wrong them.
because by sending His Messengers and revealing His Books He gave them enough warning and clearly demonstrated His proofs to them.
وَلـكِن كَانُواۡ أَنفُسَهُمۡ يَظۡلِمُونَ
but they were wronging themselves.
meaning, by opposing the Messengers and denying what they brought
فَأَصَابَهُمۡ سَيِّيَاتُ مَا عَمِلُواۡ
Then, they were afflicted by their evil deeds,
For this reason Allah's punishment tormented them.
وَحَاقَ بِهِم
and they were surrounded,
meaning, they were overwhelmed by the painful torment.
مَّا كَانُواۡ بِهِ يَسۡتَهۡزِوُونَ
by that which they used to mock.
meaning, they used to make fun of the Messengers when they warned them Allah's punishment, and for this it will be said to them on the Day of Resurrection:
هَـذِهِ النَّارُ الَّتِى كُنتُم بِهَا تُكَذِّبُونَ
This is the Fire which you used to belie. (52:14)"
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