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Ayah
Word by Word
مَّا
Not
تَسۡبِقُ
(can) advance
مِنۡ
any
أُمَّةٍ
nation
أَجَلَهَا
its term
وَمَا
and not
يَسۡتَـٔۡخِرُونَ
(can) delay it
مَّا
Not
تَسۡبِقُ
(can) advance
مِنۡ
any
أُمَّةٍ
nation
أَجَلَهَا
its term
وَمَا
and not
يَسۡتَـٔۡخِرُونَ
(can) delay it
Translation
Neither can a people anticipate its term, nor delay it.
Tafsir
No community (min ummatin: min is extra) can outstrip its [predetermined] term nor can they [seek to] delay it, [nor can they] put it off.
Every Township has its allotted Time
Allah says:
وَمَا أَهۡلَكۡنَا مِن قَرۡيَةٍ إِلاَّ وَلَهَا كِتَابٌ مَّعۡلُومٌ
مَّا تَسۡبِقُ مِنۡ أُمَّةٍ أَجَلَهَا وَمَا يَسۡتَأۡخِرُونَ
And never did We destroy a township but there was a known decree for it. No nation can advance its term, nor delay it.
Allah is informing that He never destroys a township until He has established evidences for it and its allotted time has ended. When the time for a nation's destruction has come, He never delays it, and He never moves its appointed time forward.
This was a message and a warning to the people of Makkah, telling them to give up their Shirk, their stubbornness and disbelief for which they deserved to be destroyed.
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