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Ayah
Word by Word
رُّبَمَا
Perhaps
يَوَدُّ
will wish
ٱلَّذِينَ
those who
كَفَرُواْ
disbelieved
لَوۡ
if
كَانُواْ
they had been
مُسۡلِمِينَ
Muslims
رُّبَمَا
Perhaps
يَوَدُّ
will wish
ٱلَّذِينَ
those who
كَفَرُواْ
disbelieved
لَوۡ
if
كَانُواْ
they had been
مُسۡلِمِينَ
Muslims
Translation
Again and again will those who disbelieve, wish that they had bowed (to Allah's will) in Islam.
Tafsir
It may be that (read rubbamaa or rubamaa) those who disbelieve, on the Day of Resurrection, when they witness their predicament and that of the Muslims, will wish that they had been muslims (rubba here is used to indicate 'many', since many of them will wish this; but it is also said to indicate 'few', since they will be so stupefied by the terrors that they will not come out of their stupor to wish such a thing, except on a few occasions:
"Tafsir of Surah Al-Hijr
The Disbelievers will someday wish that They had been Muslims
Allah says:
الَرَ تِلۡكَ ايَاتُ الۡكِتَابِ وَقُرۡانٍ مُّبِينٍ
Alif-Lam-Ra.
These are Ayat of the Book and a plain Qur'an.
We have already discussed the letters which appear at the beginning of some Surahs.
Allah said
رُّبَمَا يَوَدُّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواۡ
How much would those who disbelieved wish,
Here Allah tells us that they will regret having lived in disbelief, and will wish that they had been Muslims in this world.
رُّبَمَا يَوَدُّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواۡ لَوۡ كَانُواۡ مُسۡلِمِينَ
How much would those who disbelieved wish that they had been Muslims.
Sufyan Ath-Thawri reported from Salamah bin Kuhayl, who reported from Abi Az-Za`ra', from Abdullah, who said:
""This is about the Jahannamiyyun (the sinners among the believers who will stay in Hell for some time), when they (the disbelievers) see them being brought out of Hell.""
Ibn Jarir reported that Ibn Abbas and Anas bin Malik explained that;
this Ayah refers to the Day when Allah will detain the sinful Muslims in Hell along with the idolators.
He said:
""The idolators will say to them, `What you used to worship on earth has not helped you.'
Then by virtue of His mercy, Allah will be angry for their sake, and He will remove them (from it). That is when
رُّبَمَا يَوَدُّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواۡ لَوۡ كَانُواۡ مُسۡلِمِينَ
(How much would those who disbelieved wish that they had been Muslims).""
ذَرۡهُمۡ يَأۡكُلُواۡ وَيَتَمَتَّعُواۡ
Leave them to eat and enjoy,
this is a stern and definitive threat for them, like His saying,
قُلۡ تَمَتَّعُواۡ فَإِنَّ مَصِيرَكُمۡ إِلَى النَّارِ
Say:""Enjoy your brief life! But certainly, your destination is the Fire!"" (14:30)
كُلُواۡ وَتَمَتَّعُواۡ قَلِيلً إِنَّكُمۡ مُّجۡرِمُونَ
(O disbelievers!) Eat and enjoy yourselves (in this worldly life) for a little while. Verily, you are the guilty. (77:46)
Allah says:
وَيُلۡهِهِمُ الَامَلُ
let them be preoccupied with false hope.
i.e., distracted from repentance and turning to Allah, for,
فَسَوۡفَ يَعۡلَمُونَ
They will soon come to know!
that is, their punishment."
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