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Ayah

Word by Word
فَبَدَأَ
So he began
بِأَوۡعِيَتِهِمۡ
with their bags
قَبۡلَ
before
وِعَآءِ
(the) bag
أَخِيهِ
(of) his brother
ثُمَّ
then
ٱسۡتَخۡرَجَهَا
he brought it out
مِن
from
وِعَآءِ
(the) bag
أَخِيهِۚ
(of) his brother
كَذَٰلِكَ
Thus
كِدۡنَا
(did) We plan
لِيُوسُفَۖ
for Yusuf
مَا
He could not
كَانَ
He could not
لِيَأۡخُذَ
take
أَخَاهُ
his brother
فِي
by
دِينِ
the law
ٱلۡمَلِكِ
(of) the king
إِلَّآ
except
أَن
that
يَشَآءَ
Allah willed
ٱللَّهُۚ
Allah willed
نَرۡفَعُ
We raise
دَرَجَٰتٖ
(in) degrees
مَّن
whom
نَّشَآءُۗ
We will
وَفَوۡقَ
but over
كُلِّ
every
ذِي
possessor
عِلۡمٍ
(of) knowledge
عَلِيمٞ
(is) the All-Knower
فَبَدَأَ
So he began
بِأَوۡعِيَتِهِمۡ
with their bags
قَبۡلَ
before
وِعَآءِ
(the) bag
أَخِيهِ
(of) his brother
ثُمَّ
then
ٱسۡتَخۡرَجَهَا
he brought it out
مِن
from
وِعَآءِ
(the) bag
أَخِيهِۚ
(of) his brother
كَذَٰلِكَ
Thus
كِدۡنَا
(did) We plan
لِيُوسُفَۖ
for Yusuf
مَا
He could not
كَانَ
He could not
لِيَأۡخُذَ
take
أَخَاهُ
his brother
فِي
by
دِينِ
the law
ٱلۡمَلِكِ
(of) the king
إِلَّآ
except
أَن
that
يَشَآءَ
Allah willed
ٱللَّهُۚ
Allah willed
نَرۡفَعُ
We raise
دَرَجَٰتٖ
(in) degrees
مَّن
whom
نَّشَآءُۗ
We will
وَفَوۡقَ
but over
كُلِّ
every
ذِي
possessor
عِلۡمٍ
(of) knowledge
عَلِيمٞ
(is) the All-Knower

Translation

So he began [the search] with their bags before the bag of his brother; then he extracted it from the bag of his brother. Thus did We plan for Joseph. He could not have taken his brother within the religion [i.e., law] of the king except that Allāh willed. We raise in degrees whom We will, but over every possessor of knowledge is one [more] knowing.1
Footnotes
1 - Ending with the ultimate knowledge of Allāh (subḥānahu wa taʿālā).

Tafsir

And so he began with their sacks, and searched them, before his brother's sack, lest he be accused [of the theft]; then he pulled it, the drinking-cup, out of his brother's sack. God, exalted be He, says: Thus, [through such] contrivance, did We contrive for Joseph, [thus] We taught him how to devise a plot to take his brother; he, Joseph, could not have taken his brother, as a slave, on account of theft, according to the king's law, [according] to the laws of the king of Egypt - since his [a thief's] requital according to his law would have been a beating and a penalty of twice [the value of] the stolen item, but not enslavement - unless God willed, for him to be taken according to the law of his father [Jacob]; in other words, he was only able to take him with God's will, by God's inspiring him to ask his brothers [about the nature of requital] and their responding according to [what is decreed by] their customary practice. We raise by degrees whom We will (read with a genitive annexation, darajaati man nashaa', or [simply] with nunation, darajaatin man nashaa'), in terms of knowledge, as [We did] with Joseph; and above every man of knowledge, from among creatures, is one who knows better, better than him [and so on] until it ends with God, exalted be He.

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