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Ayah
Word by Word
وَقَالَ
And he said
لِفِتۡيَٰنِهِ
to his servants
ٱجۡعَلُواْ
Put
بِضَٰعَتَهُمۡ
their merchandise
فِي
in
رِحَالِهِمۡ
their saddlebags
لَعَلَّهُمۡ
so that they
يَعۡرِفُونَهَآ
may recognize it
إِذَا
when
ٱنقَلَبُوٓاْ
they go back
إِلَىٰٓ
to
أَهۡلِهِمۡ
their people
لَعَلَّهُمۡ
so that they may
يَرۡجِعُونَ
return
وَقَالَ
And he said
لِفِتۡيَٰنِهِ
to his servants
ٱجۡعَلُواْ
Put
بِضَٰعَتَهُمۡ
their merchandise
فِي
in
رِحَالِهِمۡ
their saddlebags
لَعَلَّهُمۡ
so that they
يَعۡرِفُونَهَآ
may recognize it
إِذَا
when
ٱنقَلَبُوٓاْ
they go back
إِلَىٰٓ
to
أَهۡلِهِمۡ
their people
لَعَلَّهُمۡ
so that they may
يَرۡجِعُونَ
return
Translation
And (Joseph) told his servants to put their stock-in-trade (with which they had bartered) into their saddle-bags, so they should know it only when they returned to their people, in order that they might come back.
Tafsir
And he said to his young men (li-fityatihi: a variant reading has li-fityaanihi, 'his servants'): 'Place their merchandise, that [money] with which they bought the supplies, and these were a few dirhams, in their saddlebags, their [supply] sacks, so that they may recognise it when they return to their folk, and empty their sacks, and so come back', to us, deeming it unlawful to retain these [monies].
"Yusuf's Brothers travel to Egypt
Allah tells:
وَجَاء إِخۡوَةُ يُوسُفَ فَدَخَلُواۡ عَلَيۡهِ فَعَرَفَهُمۡ وَهُمۡ لَهُ مُنكِرُونَ
And Yusuf's brethren came and they entered unto him, and he recognized them, but they recognized him not.
As-Suddi, Muhammad bin Ishaq and several others said that the reason why Yusuf's brothers went to Egypt, is that after Yusuf became minister of Egypt and the seven years of abundance passed, then came the seven years of drought that struck all areas of Egypt. The drought also reached the area of Kana`an (Canaan), where Prophet Yaqub, peace be upon him, and his children resided.
Prophet Yusuf efficiently guarded the people's harvest and collected it, and what he collected became a great fortune for the people. This also permitted Yusuf to give gifts to the people who sought his aid from various areas who came to buy food and provisions for their families. Yusuf would not give a family man more than whatever a camel could carry, as annual provisions for them.
Yusuf himself did not fill his stomach from this food, nor did the king and his aids eat except one meal a day. By doing so, the people could sustain themselves with what they had for the remainder of the seven years. Indeed, Yusuf was a mercy from Allah sent to the people of Egypt.
Yusuf's brothers were among those who came to Egypt to buy food supplies, by the order of their father. They knew that the Aziz of Egypt was selling food to people who need it for a low price, so they took some merchandise from their land with them to exchange it for food. They were ten, because Yaqub peace be upon him kept his son and Yusuf's brother Binyamin with him. Binyamin was the dearest of his sons to him after Yusuf.
When Prophet Yusuf's brothers entered on him in his court and the center of his authority, he knew them the minute he ﷺ them. However, they did not recognize him because they got rid of him when he was still young, and sold him to a caravan of travelers while unaware of their destination. They could not have imagined that Yusuf would end up being a minister, and this is why they did not recognize him, while he did recognize them.
As-Suddi said that;
Yusuf started talking to his brothers and asked them, ""What brought you to my land?""
They said, ""O, Aziz, we came to buy provisions.""
He asked them, ""You might be spies.""
They said, ""Allah forbids.""
He asked them, ""Where are you from?""
They said, ""From the area of Kana`an, and our father is Allah's Prophet Yaqub.""
He asked them, ""Does he have other children besides you?""
They said, ""Yes, we were twelve brothers. Our youngest died in the desert, and he used to be the dearest to his father. His full brother is alive and his father kept him, so that his closeness compensates him for losing our youngest brother (who died).""
Yusuf ordered that his brothers be honored and allowed to remain
وَلَمَّا جَهَّزَهُم بِجَهَازِهِمۡ
And when he furnished them with their provisions,
according to their needs and gave them what they wanted to buy,
قَالَ ايۡتُونِي بِأَخٍ لَّكُم مِّنۡ أَبِيكُمۡ
he said:""Bring me a brother of yours from your father.
he said to them, ""Bring me your brother from your father's side whom you mentioned, so that I know that you have told me the truth.""
He continued,
أَلَا تَرَوۡنَ أَنِّي أُوفِي الۡكَيۡلَ وَأَنَاۡ خَيۡرُ الۡمُنزِلِينَ
See you not that I give full measure, and that I am the best of the hosts!
encouraging them to return to him.
He then threatened them
فَإِن لَّمۡ تَأۡتُونِي بِهِ فَلَ كَيۡلَ لَكُمۡ عِندِي
But if you bring him not to me, there shall be no measure (of corn) for you with me.
He threatened them that if the next time they come without Binyamin with them, they will not be allowed to buy the food that they need,
وَلَا تَقۡرَبُونِ
قَالُواۡ سَنُرَاوِدُ عَنۡهُ أَبَاهُ وَإِنَّا لَفَاعِلُونَ
""...nor shall you come near me.""
They said:""We shall try to get permission (for him) from his father, and verily, we shall do it.""
They said, `We will try our best to bring him with us, so that we spare no effort to prove to you that we are truthful in what we told you about ourselves.'
Allah said
وَقَالَ لِفِتۡيَانِهِ
And (Yusuf) told his servants, (or his slaves),
اجۡعَلُواۡ بِضَاعَتَهُمۡ
to put their money,
or the merchandise they brought with them to exchange for food,
فِي رِحَالِهِمۡ
into their bags,
while they were unaware,
لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَعۡرِفُونَهَا إِذَا انقَلَبُواۡ إِلَى أَهۡلِهِمۡ
so that they might know it when they go back to their people;
لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَرۡجِعُونَ
in order that they might come again.
It was said that Yusuf did this because he feared that his brothers might not have any more merchandise they could bring with them to exchange for food."
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