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Ayah
Word by Word
كَأَن
As if
لَّمۡ
not
يَغۡنَوۡاْ
they (had) prospered
فِيهَآۗ
therein
أَلَا
So
بُعۡدٗا
away
لِّمَدۡيَنَ
with Madyan
كَمَا
as
بَعِدَتۡ
was taken away
ثَمُودُ
the Thamud
كَأَن
As if
لَّمۡ
not
يَغۡنَوۡاْ
they (had) prospered
فِيهَآۗ
therein
أَلَا
So
بُعۡدٗا
away
لِّمَدۡيَنَ
with Madyan
كَمَا
as
بَعِدَتۡ
was taken away
ثَمُودُ
the Thamud
Translation
As if they had never dwelt and flourished there! Ah! Behold! How the Madyan were removed (from sight) as were removed the Thamud!
Tafsir
as if (ka-an is softened, in other words [understand it as] ka-annahum) they had never dwelt there: 'Lo! Away with Midian, just as Thamood was done away with!'
"Shu`ayb's threatening of His People
When the Prophet of Allah, Shu`ayb, despaired of their response to him, he said,
وَيَا قَوۡمِ اعۡمَلُواۡ عَلَى مَكَانَتِكُمۡ
""O my people, Act according to your ability,
This means, ""Act according to your current ways.""
This is actually a severe threat.
إِنِّي عَامِلٌ
I am acting.
according to my way.
سَوۡفَ تَعۡلَمُونَ مَن يَأۡتِيهِ عَذَابٌ يُخۡزِيهِ وَمَنۡ هُوَ كَاذِبٌ
You will come to know who it is on whom descends the torment that will cover him with ignominy, and who is a liar!
meaning, between me and you.
وَارۡتَقِبُواۡ
And watch you!
This means to wait.
إِنِّي مَعَكُمۡ رَقِيبٌ
I too am watching with you.
Allah then says,
وَلَمَّا جَاء أَمۡرُنَا نَجَّيۡنَا شُعَيۡبًا وَالَّذِينَ امَنُواۡ مَعَهُ بِرَحۡمَةٍ مَّنَّا
وَأَخَذَتِ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواۡ الصَّيۡحَةُ فَأَصۡبَحُواۡ فِي دِيَارِهِمۡ جَاثِمِينَ
And when Our commandment came, We saved Shu`ayb and those who believed with him by a mercy from Us. And As-Sayhah(awful cry) seized the wrongdoers, and they lay (Jathimin) in their homes.
His saying Jathimin means extinct and lifeless without any movement.
Here Allah mentions that a loud cry (Sayhah) came to them.
In Surah Al-A`raf He says a severe quake (Rajfah) came to them.
In Surah Ash-Shu`ara', He said it was a torment of a cloudy day.
They were one nation upon which all of these punishments were gathered on the day of their destruction.
In each context, Allah only mentioned that which was suitable. In Surah Al-A`rafwhen they said,
لَنُخۡرِجَنَّكَ يـشُعَيۡبُ وَالَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواۡ مَعَكَ مِن قَرۡيَتِنَأ
We shall certainly drive you out, O Shu`ayb, and those who have believed with you from our town. (7:88)
In this verse it was suitable to mention a tremor, or quake (Rajfah). The earth in which they practiced their wrongdoing and they wanted to expel their Prophet from it, shook them.
Here, due to their disrespectful manners in speaking to their Prophet, Allah mentioned the awful cry (Sayhah) which overcame them and killed them.
In Surah Ash-Shu`ara' when they said,
فَأَسۡقِطۡ عَلَيۡنَا كِسَفاً مِّنَ السَّمَأءِ إِن كُنتَ مِنَ الصَّـدِقِينَ
So cause a piece of the heaven to fall on us, if you are of the truthful! (26:187)
Allah said in response,
فَأَخَذَهُمۡ عَذَابُ يَوۡمِ الظُّلَّةِ إِنَّهُ كَانَ عَذَابَ يَوۡمٍ عَظِيمٍ
So the torment of the day of Shadow seized them. Indeed that was the torment of a Great Day. (26:189)
This is from the intricate secrets and to Allah belongs all praise and much bounty forever.
Concerning the statement
كَأَن لَّمۡ يَغۡنَوۡاۡ فِيهَا
As if they had never lived there!
This means it was as if they had not lived in their homes before that.
أَلَا بُعۡدًا لِّمَدۡيَنَ كَمَا بَعِدَتۡ ثَمُودُ
So away with Madyan as just as Thamud went away!
They (Thamud) were their neighbors and they did not live far from the homes of the people of Madyan. They were similar in their disbelief and their highway robbery. They were also both Arabs."
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