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Ayah
Word by Word
وَيَٰقَوۡمِ
And O my people!
أَوۡفُواْ
Give full
ٱلۡمِكۡيَالَ
measure
وَٱلۡمِيزَانَ
and weight
بِٱلۡقِسۡطِۖ
in justice
وَلَا
and (do) not
تَبۡخَسُواْ
deprive
ٱلنَّاسَ
the people
أَشۡيَآءَهُمۡ
(of) their things
وَلَا
and (do) not
تَعۡثَوۡاْ
act wickedly
فِي
in
ٱلۡأَرۡضِ
the earth
مُفۡسِدِينَ
spreading corruption
وَيَٰقَوۡمِ
And O my people!
أَوۡفُواْ
Give full
ٱلۡمِكۡيَالَ
measure
وَٱلۡمِيزَانَ
and weight
بِٱلۡقِسۡطِۖ
in justice
وَلَا
and (do) not
تَبۡخَسُواْ
deprive
ٱلنَّاسَ
the people
أَشۡيَآءَهُمۡ
(of) their things
وَلَا
and (do) not
تَعۡثَوۡاْ
act wickedly
فِي
in
ٱلۡأَرۡضِ
the earth
مُفۡسِدِينَ
spreading corruption
Translation
"And O my people! give just measure and weight, nor withhold from the people the things that are their due: commit not evil in the land with intent to do mischief.
Tafsir
O my people, give full measure and weight, fulfil [the due of] both of these, in justice, and do not defraud people in respect of their goods, do not diminish anything of their due, and do not be degenerate in the land, working corruption, by killing or otherwise ([laa ta'thaoo] derives from 'athiya, meaning afsada, 'he corrupted'; mufsideen, 'working corruption', is a circumstantial qualifier reiterating the import of the term operating it, ta'thaoo, '[do not] be degenerate').
"The Town of Lut's People is overturned and Their Destruction
Allah, the Exalted, says,
فَلَمَّا جَاء أَمۡرُنَا
So when Our commandment came,
This happened at sunrise.
جَعَلۡنَا عَالِيَهَا
We (turned it)...),
The city of Sadum (Sodom)
سَافِلَهَا
upside down,
This is similar to Allah's statement,
فَغَشَّـهَا مَا غَشَّى
So there covered them that which did cover (torment with stones). (53:54)
وَأَمۡطَرۡنَا عَلَيۡهَا حِجَارَةً مِّن سِجِّيلٍ مَّنضُودٍ
and rained on them stones of clay, in an array.
This means, ""We rained upon it with stones made of Sijjil.""
Sijjil is a Persian word meaning stones made of clay.
This definition has been mentioned by Ibn Abbas and others.
Some of the scholars said that it (Sijjil) derived from the word Sang, which means a stone.
Some others said it means Wakil, which is clay.
In another verse Allah says,
حِجَارَةً مِّن طِينٍ
the stones of clay, (51:32)
This means clay made into strong, hard stone.
Some of the scholars said it means baked clay.
Al-Bukhari said,
""Sijjil means that which is big and strong.""
Concerning Allah's statement,
مَّنضُودٍ
(in an array).
Some of the scholars said that Mandud means the stones were arranged in the heavens and prepared for that (destruction).
Others said,
This word means that some of them (the stones) followed others in their descent upon the people of Lut.
Concerning the statement,
مُّسَوَّمَةً
Marked,
meaning the stones were marked and sealed, all of them having the names of their victims written on them.
Qatadah and Ikrimah both said,
""Musawwamah means each stone was encompassed by a sprinkling of red coloring.""
The commentators have mentioned that;
it (the shower of stones) descended upon the people of the town and upon the various villages around it. One of them would be speaking with some people when a stone would strike him from the sky and kill him while he was among the people. Thus, the stones followed them, striking the people in the entire land until they destroyed them all. Not a single one of them remained.
عِندَ رَبِّكَ
from your Lord;
Concerning Allah's statement,
وَمَا هِيَ مِنَ الظَّالِمِينَ بِبَعِيدٍ
and they are not ever far from the wrongdoers.
This means that this vengeance (of Allah) is not far from similar wrongdoers.
Verily, it has been reported in a Hadith of the Sunan collections, from Ibn Abbas, which he attributed to the Prophet,
مَنۡ وَجَدۡتُمُوهُ يَعۡمَلُ عَمَلَ قَوۡمِ لُوطٍ فَاقۡتُلُوا الۡفَاعِلَ وَالۡمَفۡعُولَ بِه
Whoever you find doing the deed of Lut's people (homosexuality), then kill the doer and the one who allows it to be done to him (both partners)."
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