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Ayah
Word by Word
إِنَّ
Indeed
إِبۡرَٰهِيمَ
Ibrahim
لَحَلِيمٌ
(was) certainly forbearing
أَوَّـٰهٞ
imploring
مُّنِيبٞ
and oft-returning
إِنَّ
Indeed
إِبۡرَٰهِيمَ
Ibrahim
لَحَلِيمٌ
(was) certainly forbearing
أَوَّـٰهٞ
imploring
مُّنِيبٞ
and oft-returning
Translation
For Abraham was, without doubt, forbearing (of faults), compassionate, and given to look to Allah.
Tafsir
Assuredly Abraham was forbearing, long-suffering, imploring, penitent, always returning [to God] in repentance: thus he said to them, 'Would you destroy a town in which there are 300 believers?' They said, 'No'. He said, 'Would you destroy a town in which there are 200 believers?' They said, 'No'. He said, 'Would you destroy a town in which there are 40 believers?' They said, 'No'. He said, 'Would you destroy a town in which there are 14 believers?' They said, 'No'. He said, 'What if there were one believer in it?' They said, 'No'. He said, 'Lot is in it'. They said, 'We know full well who is in it' . to the end [of the narrative].
"
The Dispute of Ibrahim over the People of Lut
Allah tells;
فَلَمَّا ذَهَبَ عَنۡ إِبۡرَاهِيمَ الرَّوۡعُ وَجَاءتۡهُ الۡبُشۡرَى يُجَادِلُنَا فِي قَوۡمِ لُوطٍ
11:74 Then when the fear had gone away from (the mind of) Ibrahim, and the glad tidings had reached him, he began to plead with Us (Our messengers) for the people of Lut.
Allah, the Exalted, informs of what happened after the fright of Ibrahim left him and he felt no more fear of the angels when they refused to eat. After this, they gave him the glad tidings of the birth of a son and the destruction of the people of Lut. When they told him of this, he spoke to them as Sa`id bin Jubayr narrated concerning this verse.
Sa`id said:
When Jibril and the other angels who were with him came to Ibrahim, they said,
إِنَّا مُهۡلِكُو أَهۡلِ هَـذِهِ الۡقَرۡيَةِ
Verily, we are going to destroy the people of this town. (29:31)
Ibrahim said to them, ""Will you destroy a town that has three hundred believers in it?""
They said, ""No.""
He then said, ""Will you destroy a town that has two hundred believers in it?""
They said, ""No.""
He said, ""Will you destroy a town that has forty believers in it?""
They said, ""No.""
He then said, ""Thirty!""
They still replied, ""No.""
This continued until he said, ""Five.""
They said, ""No.""
Then he said, ""What do you think if there is one Muslim man in the town, would you destroy it?""
They said, ""No.""
With this, Ibrahim said,
إِنَّ فِيهَا لُوطاً قَالُواۡ نَحۡنُ أَعۡلَمُ بِمَن فِيهَا لَنُنَجِّيَنَّهُ وَأَهۡلَهُ إِلاَّ امۡرَأَتَهُ
But there is Lut in it. They said:""We know better who is there. We will verily, save him and his family except his wife."" (29:32)
Therefore, Ibrahim remained silent and his soul was at rest.
Concerning Allah's statement,
إِنَّ إِبۡرَاهِيمَ لَحَلِيمٌ أَوَّاهٌ مُّنِيبٌ
Verily, Ibrahim was, without doubt, forbearing, used to invoke Allah with humility, and was repentant (to Allah).
This is a commendation for Ibrahim because of these beautiful characteristics.
Then Allah says
يَا إِبۡرَاهِيمُ أَعۡرِضۡ عَنۡ هَذَا إِنَّهُ قَدۡ جَاء أَمۡرُ رَبِّكَ
O Ibrahim! Forsake this. Indeed, the commandment of your Lord has gone forth.
This means the decree was settled concerning them and the Word was already given that they should be destroyed.
وَإِنَّهُمۡ اتِيهِمۡ عَذَابٌ غَيۡرُ مَرۡدُودٍ
Verily, there will come a torment for them which cannot be turned back.""
The evil torment was coming to them, that cannot be averted from wicked people."
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